VIRGEN MILAGROSA UNIVERSITY FOUNDATION MARTIN POSADAS AVENUE, SAN CARLOS CITY PANGASINAN

AA Report in

Curriculum Development

Implementing the Curriculum

Presented by: REA R. TIANGSONPresented to : DR. EDITHA R. PRIDAS

The Role of Stakeholders in Curriculum Implementation

Stakeholders are individuals or institutions that are interested in school curriculum. These stakeholders shape the school curriculum implementation.

1. LEARNERS AT THE CENTER OF THE CURRICULUM

For a particular curriculum design mentioned earlier, the learner is placed at the center. The learners are the very reason a curriculum is developed. They are the ones who are directly influenced by it. Learners in all levels make or unmake the curriculum by their active and direct involvement.

THE ROLE OF STUDENTS AS STAKEHOLDERS FROM A STUDENT’S POINT OF VIEW: I consider the learner as the center of the educational process. Everything in the curriculum should revolve around his/her interests, needs, abilities, and capacities. The nature of the learner must be made the science of learning. The experiences of the learners must be the starting point in accomplishing the goals of education, to let them grow in knowledge, skills, abilities and attitudes-Josefa

Take Note: The universal and individual characteristics of the learners should be considered. Age, gender, physical, mental, emotional development, cultural background, interests, aspirations and personal goals are some of the factors that should be considered in the implementation of any curriculum.

2. TEACHERS AS CURRICULUM DEVELOPERS AND IMPLEMENTERSPlanning and writing the curriculum are the primary roles of the teacher.

A teacher is a curriculum maker. He/she writes a curriculum daily through a lesson plan , a unit plan or a yearly plan. The teacher addresses the goals, needs, interests of the learners by creating experiences from where the students can learn. The teacher designs, enriches and modifies the curriculum to suit the learner’s characteristics.

As a curriculum developer, teachers are part of textbooks committees, faculty selection boards, school evaluation committee or textbook writers themselves.

Teachers are empowered to develop their own school curricula taking into consideration their own expertise, the context of the school and the abilities of the learners.

From a designer or technician to a decision maker.

At this point, teachers’ role shift from a developer to an implementer. Which of the plans should be put in to action and how should it be done are decisions which the teachers should make. Curriculum implementation is now giving life to the written material. To do this, there is the need of another actor, the learners. No curriculum will succeed without the learners

SOME OF THE CONSIDERATIONS TEACHERS SHOULD HAVE IN CURRICULAR IMPLEMENTATION

Choice of the activities

Methods to be utilized

Materials to be used

A STUDENT’S VIEW ABOUT THE TEACHER AS A CURRICULUM MAKER AND IMPLEMENTER

Teachers shape the school curriculum by sharing the experiences that they have and the resources they are capable of giving or imparting to the learners. But as the old saying goes , ”What can you give if you have nothing to give? Applies to this demand of teaches in curriculum implementation”- Marianna

3. CURRICULUM MANAGERS AND ADMINISTRATORSIn a school organization, there is always a curriculum manager or school administrator. In fact, for school principals, one of their functions is being a curriculum manager. They supervise curriculum implementation, select and recruit new teachers, admit students, procure equipment and materials needed for effective learning. They also plan for the improvement of school facilities and physical plants.

Why are school administrators and curriculum managers important to curriculum implementation?

“ The school administrators play an important role in shaping the school curriculum because they are the people who are responsible in the formulation of the schools’ vision, philosophy, mission and objectives. They provide necessary leadership in evaluating teaching personnel and school program. Keeping records of curriculum and reporting learning outcomes are also the manger’s responsibilities.- Ceres

School administrator

s

Command responsibilit

y

Institutional leadership

Final decision

making in terms of the

school’s purpose

Role of the Administrators

4. PARENTS AS SUPPORTERS TO THE CURRICULUM

My child and my money goes to this school, reads a car sticker.

What is the implication of this statement to the school curriculum? It simply means that the parents are the best supporters of the school, especially because they are the ones paying for their child’s education.

How do parents shape the curriculum and why are they considered stakeholders? Here are some observations:

1. Effective parental involvement in school affairs may be linked to parent educational programs which is central to high quality educational experiences of the children .

2. The parents involvement extends from the confine of the school to the homes. The parents become part of the environment of learning at home.

3. In most schools the Parent Association is organized. This organization is provided by law.

The success in the implementation of the curriculum requires resources. However, most often teachers complain that resources are very scarce. There are no books, materials nor facilities available. These are the usual complaints of the teachers. The community members and materials in the local community can very well substitute for what are needed to implement.

5. COMMUNITY MEMBERS AS CURRICULUM RESOURCES

There are other important stakeholders in curriculum implementation. Professional organizations have shown great influence in school curriculum. They are being asked by curriculum specialists to contribute in curriculum review because they have a voice in licensure examinations, curriculum enhancement and many more.

6. OTHER STAKEHOLDERS IN CURRICULUM IMPLEMENTATION

All schools in the country are under the regulation of the national government as provided for in the Philippine Constitution, then the government has a great stake in the curriculum. The government is represented by the Department of Education (DepEd) for basic education curricula and the Commission on Higher Education (CHED) for the tertiary and graduate education curricula.

Lesson 2: The Role of Technology in Delivering the Curriculum

Lesson 2: The Role of Technology in Delivering the Curriculum

The role of technology finds its place at the onset of curriculum implementation, namely at the stage of instructional planning. In a teaching-learning situation there is the critical need to provide the learners information that forms a coherent whole.

In the choice of instructional media, technology comes into play.

Analyze learners

Identify instruction

al goals Identify

Objectives

Plan instructi

onal activitie

s

Choose an

instructional

media

Identify and assess instruction

al technology

Implement

instruction

Assess instructio

n

Revise instructi

on

A Systematic Planning Process

What is instructional media?Instructional media may also be referred

to as media technology or learning technology, or simply technology. Technology plays a crucial role in delivering instruction to learners.

Technology offers various tools of learning and these range from non-projected and non projected media from which the teacher can choose depending on what he sees fit with the intended instructional setting.

Types of Instructional Media or Technology

Real objects Models Field trips Kits Printed materials

(books, worksheets)

Visuals (drawings, photographs)

Overhead transparencies

Opaque projection Slides Filmstrips Films Video, VCD, DVD Computer/

multimedia presentations

Non- projected Media Projected Media

Factors for Technology SelectionIn deciding on which technology to use

from a wide range of media available, the factors on which to base selection are:

Practicalit

y

Appropriateness

Activity/

Suitability

Objective-

Matching

The Role of Technology in Curriculum Delivery

1. Upgrading the quality of teaching-and-learning in schools2. Increasing the capability of the teacher to effectively inculcate learning, and for students to gain mastery of lessons and courses3. Broadening the delivery of education outside schools through non-traditional approaches to formal and informal learning such as Open Universities and lifelong learning to adult learners4. Revolutionizing the use of technology to boost educational paradigm shifts that give importance to student-centered and holistic learning

Lesson 3: Pilot Testing, Monitoring and Evaluating the Implementation of the Curriculum

Pilot Testing or Field Try-OutWhenever a curriculum is written as in

books, course manuals, modules or the whole curricular program, there is a need to have a try-out or field testing. This process will gather empirical data to support whether the material or curriculum is useful, relevant, reliable and valid.

Example: Basic Education Curriculum or BEC

The DepEd implemented the BEC, the original name of the curriculum to the whole nationwide system in 2002. That year was labeled as the pilot year of implementation. During the year, all basic education schools simultaneously implemented the new curriculum. After a year of implementation of the BEC, several changes were made. The BEC was renamed Revitalized Basic Education Curriculum(RBEC) and each subject area are modifications, revisions, and enhancement from the original form were made.

Take note that:

Pilot test or try out is a developmental process that gives the signal as to whether the particular curriculum can already be implemented with confidence.

Modification and revision are inherent characteristics of curriculum

Processes of Monitoring the Implemented Curriculum

Curriculum Monitoring:• How are we

doing?• Is the

curriculum accomplishing its intended purpose?

Curriculum Evaluation• School-Based

Evaluation• Accreditation

What is monitoring?Monitoring is a periodic assessment

and adjustment during the try out period. It is like formative evaluation . It determines how the curriculum is working such that the monitoring report becomes the basis of a decision on what aspects have to be retained, improved or modified.

it is usually done by module writers, curriculum experts or outside agencies.

What is curriculum evaluation?Curriculum evaluation refers to a

systematic process of judging the value, effectiveness and adequacy of a curriculum: its process, product and setting which will lead to informed decision.

Two Ways of Curriculum Evaluation

It is an approach to curriculum evaluation which places the content, design, operation, and maintenance of evaluation procedure in the hands of school personnel.

This is a voluntary process of submitting a curricular program to an external accrediting body for review in any level of education: basic, tertiary or graduate school to assure standard

School-Based Evaluation Accreditation

Accreditation studies the statement of the educational intentions of the school and affirms a standard of excellence

Areas for Accreditation under Curriculum and Instruction

Classroom

Management

Curriculum and

Program of

StudiesInstructional Processes

or Methodologi

es

Graduation

RequirementsEvaluation of Academic

Performance of Students

Administrative Support for

Effective Instruction

Whoever and whatever we are in the past, present and in the future boils down to every decision and the choices we made, have made

and will make. -RRTGod bless ! 1-6-13