Email: drsrmdejonge@hotmail.com

April 14, 2010

IKOM AND THE DARDANUS FLOOD(c.1159 BC, Cross River State, Nigeria)

Dr. R.M. de Jonge ©, drsrmdejonge@hotmail.com

SummaryThe Ikom Monoliths in SE Nigeria are an important group of c.350 beautifully decorated menhirs, most of them situated in about thirty stone circles. Mainly based on their decoration these are dated to the Iron Age (1200 BC-200 AD). The stones are located just above the Cross River, at 6°N. It appears, that this River symbolizes the Biblical Flood of c.2344 BC, which happened in the 6th Dynasty. The relation with this Comet Catastrophe was described in a previous article.- However, it appears, that this latitude also encodes the c.6 million casu-alties of the Dardanus Flood of c.1159 BC, which happened in the 20th Dynasty of the New Kingdom. The features of this worldwide Catastrophe are well-known, and the geographic location of this megalithic site strongly confirms these features.

The Ikom MonolithsIkom is a town in Cross River State, southeast Nigeria, only 30 km from the border with Ca-meroon. It is located at the Cross River, which runs from Cameroon to the west over more than 100 km, after which it makes a right turn to the south in the direction of the city of Cala-bar, where it empties in the Gulf of Guinee (Atlantic Ocean). About 40 km north of Ikom is the village of Alok. It is the center of the so-called Ikom Monoliths. Most of these upright sto-nes are situated in circles of various sizes. The stones are nicely dressed and smoothened. These have heights varying from two to over five feet (0.6 to 1.8 meters), and widths of one to two feet, or so. The majority of the stones are of hard volcanic rock (basalt), but there are also a few of sandstone and limestone.

A special feature of these menhirs is their beautiful decoration. Most of the stones are carved with the shape of a stylized face on top, combined with a variety of geometric figures. They u-sually show a high complexity of design. They are all different, and a lot of them are beauti-fully inscribed mostly with unknown symbols, which are often difficult to comprehend. Inside the stone circles the carved heads face each other. Each circle contains up to ten stones, and there are a total of about thirty circles in the region. In total there are about 350 inscribed sto-nes. The faces are believed to represent gods, or those who rule on behalf of them, the kings. Both circles and isolated menhirs belong to the Megalithic Culture. (Refs.1-6)

The stone circle symbolizes a.o. the circumference of the planet Earth. So, almost all stone circles in the World date from after the discovery of America via the Atlantic, c.2500 BC. Many of the carvings of the Ikom Monoliths are in haut-relief, which only occurs after this important event in the Fifth Dynasty. Among the carved figures are some known symbols from the Mediterranean, like the spiral, sun circle, torque, and lozenge. These signs would possibly point to a date in the Bronze Age. However, the elaborated designs, the other figures, and most important, the faces, point to dates in the Iron Age (1200 BC-200 AD). This is a ty-pically late-megalithic phenomenon. (Refs.7-9)

Fig.1 An Ikom Monolith near the village of Alok.(1200 BC-200 AD, Cross River State, SE Nigeria) (Courtesy J. Weate, Ref.3)

One might wonder about the reason of this important megalithic site around the village of A-lok in Nigeria. The first part of the Cross River runs around the latitude-line of 6°N over more than 100 km to the west. It appears, that this River symbolized the Biblical Flood, which hap-pened at the start of the 6th Dynasty (c.2344 BC, tree-ring dating). The south coast of Nigeria, which runs to the mouth of the Niger River at Cape Formoso, is located at 4°N. It represents the 4th Dynasty. The latitude-line in between runs to the western mouth of the Niger, at 5°N, which corresponds to the 5th Dynasty.- The Ikom Monoliths are located north of the Cross River. It appears to mean, that the people who built these monuments lived after the Flood. It confirms the approximate time period mentioned above.- Note, that latitudes were already known c.4700 BC. (Refs.7-10)

Dardanus FloodIn a previous article it was shown that the Ikom Monoliths are placed at a holy site, which still remembers all the features of the Biblical Flood (Refs.12,18-22,29). As usual, the data of this dramatic event are encoded in a geographical way. This article will show, that this special lo-cation also remembers the features of the Dardanus Flood of c.1159 BC (tree-ring dating).

The true nature of this Comet Catastrophe has recently been revealed by the Brandenburg Sto-ne from Kentucky, USA. (Refs.13,14,21)

The Dardanus Flood was also caused by a Comet. It appears, that the Island of Bioco, Equa-torial Guinea, due south of Ikom, symbolizes the Head of the Comet, again. The Sea south-west of this island, in the direction of the Islets of Principe and São Tomé, represents the Tail, consisting of ice and stones. This Catastrophe was caused by a cosmic collision between the planet Earth and a fragment of the Comet, long after the appearance of this Comet. This frag-ment (cometary debris) was created by an explosion of the Comet during a close passage near the Sun.

The western mouth of the Niger River is located 9-6= 3° east of Ikom, at 5°N, encoding the Dardanus Flood, which happened 30+5= 35 years after the appearance of the Comet in 1159+ 35= 1194 BC. The Nile Delta of Egypt is located at 30°N. Terrace Bay, Namibia, is located 30+20= 50° below this Delta, confirming these 35 years. Cape Agulhas, the south cape of A-frica, is located at 35°S, confirming the 35 years. The meridian, or NS-line, of Ikom leaves the north coast of Sardinia, Italy, 41-6= 35° north of this town, confirming it, again.

The important Strait of Gibraltar as well as the island of Malta are located at 36°N, each cor-responding to the circumference of the planet Earth, 36 Egyptian Moiras, or 360°, which shows it was a worldwide Catastrophe. These places are 36-6= 30° above the town of Ikom, confirming the Nile Delta, at 30°N. In these days Egypt was the greatest civilization on Earth. The River Nile is located 32-9= 23 moiras due east of Ikom, corresponding to the holy Tropic of Cancer and the Southern Egyptian Empire, at 23°N. It was the center of the Sun religion. (Refs.7-10,21)

King Ramses IIIThe distance from Alok to the south coast, or from Ikom to Mount Cameroon, equals 2°, or 2 moiras, corresponding to the 2nd king Ramses III (1184-1153 BC) of the 20th Dynasty. The Dardanus Flood occurred during his reign.- The distance from these places to the Niger River also equals 2 moiras, confirming it. The Benue River flows 2° north of Ikom, confirming it, a-gain. The island of Principe (São Tomé) is located at 2°N, confirming it. The width of the continent of Africa at the level of Terrace Bay, Namibia, at 20°S, equals c.2 Moiras, confir-ming the 2nd king of the 20th Dynasty. The northern bend of the River Nile, at Abu Hamad, Soedan, is located at 20°N, confirming it, again.

The Nile Delta is located at 30°N. It confirms the reign of king Ramses III, and it corresponds with the 30 days of the month. The Strait of Gibraltar as well as the island of Malta are loca-ted 36-6= 30° north of Ikom, confirming it.- Both the southern and western mouths of the Ni-ger are located 9-6= 3° west of Ikom, confirming king Ramses III and the 30 days of the month. The mouth of the Congo River is situated 3° east of Ikom, confirming it, again. (Ref.-21)

The latitude of the south coast to Cape Formoso, or Mount Cameroon, is at 4°N, encoding the first time period of 40 days of the Dardanus Flood. The falling stones were causing horrible forest-fires, and the melting ice resulted in torrential rains and worldwide floodings. It was completely dark on Earth.- It also encodes the second time period of 40 days. The climate was completely disrupted. The terrible rains continued, but it also became very cold. So, the rains changed into ferrocious snow and hail storms. The Catastrophe more or less resembled the Bi-blical Flood of c.2344 BC.

The coast near Benin City, Nigeria, is located 9-5= 4 moiras west of Ikom, confirming the ti-me periods of 40 days. The length of the Niger River, from the confluence with the River Be-nue to Cape Formoso (the Gulf), equals 8-4= 4°, confirming it, again. Cape Agulhas, the south cape of Africa, is located 6+35= 41°, or c.4 Moiras south of Ikom, confirming it. The meridian, or NS-line, of Ikom hits the coast of Italy, near the town of Genua, in the north, 44-4= 40° above Mount Cameroon, confirming the time periods of 40 days. The little town of Li-daan, Somalia, is located 49-9= 40 moiras due east of Ikom, confirming it, again.

The confluence of the River Niger with the Benue is located at 8°N, encoding the total dura-tion of the Dardanus Flood of 40+40= 80 days. The coast near Lomé, Togo, is located 9-1= 8° west of Ikom, confirming these 80 days. The west side of Lake Chad is located 13-9= 4° east of Ikom, and 14-6= 8° north of this town, confirming the total duration of 40+40= 80 days. (Refs.10-22)

Casualties and SurvivorsCape Lopez (Port-Gentil) is located at 1°S, and the confluence of the River Niger with the Be-nue is at 8°N, together encoding the world population before the Flood of 18 million men (a number of 8 figures). The coast near Lomé, Togo, is located 9-1= 8° west of Ikom, confir-ming this world population. Cape Lopez is located at 1°S, and the west side of Lake Chad is located 14-6= 8° north of Ikom, together confirming this original world population of 18 mil-lion men, again. The southern bend of the River Nile, at Abu Dom, Soedan, is located at 18°N, confirming it, once again.

The south coast to Cape Formoso, and Mount Cameroon, are located at 4°N, encoding the c.4 million casualties of the Dardanus Flood. The coast near Benin City, Nigeria, is located 9-5= 4 moiras west of Ikom, confirming it. The length of the Niger River, from the confluence with the River Benue to Cape Formoso (the Gulf), equals 8-4= 4°, confirming it, again. Cape A-gulhas, the south cape of Africa, is located 6+35= 41°, or c.4 Moiras south of Ikom, confir-ming the c.4 million victims. The meridian, or NS-line, of Ikom hits the coast of Italy, near the town of Genua, in the north, 44-4= 40° above Mount Cameroon, confirming it. The little town of Lidaan, Somalia, is located 49-9= 40 moiras due east of Ikom, confirming it, again.

The distance from Alok to the south coast, or from Ikom to Mount Cameroon, equals 2°, or 2 moiras, corresponding to the 2 million additional casualties due to system collapse (lack of government).- The distance from these places to the Niger River also equals 2 moiras, confir-ming it. The Benue River is 2° north of Ikom, confirming it, again. The island of Principe (São Tomé) is located at 2°N, confirming it. The width of the continent of Africa at the level of Terrace Bay, Namibia, at 20°S, equals c.2 Moiras, confirming these 2 million additional victims of system collapse. The northern bend of the River Nile, at Abu Hamad, Soedan, is lo-cated at 20°N, confirming it, again.

Both the town of Ikom and the upper part of the Cross River are situated at 6°N, encoding the 4+2= 6 million casualties of the Dardanus Flood (33%). Cape Lopez (Port-Gentil) is located at 1°S, which is 6+1= 7° below Ikom. It corresponds with the 7 figures of this number.- Cape Lopez is located at 1°S. It is 5+1= 6° below the western mouth of the Niger River, confirming the total number of victims.

The east side of Lake Chad is located 15-9= 6° east of Ikom, corresponding to the 6 million victims of the Flood. This east side is located 13-6= 7° north of Ikom, confirming the 7 figu-

res.- The mouth of the Congo is situated at 6°S, confirming the 6 million casualties. The max-imum width of the continent of Africa is 17+51= 68 moiras, or about 7 Moiras, confirming the 7 figures of this number.

The upper part of the Orange River in South Africa flows around 30°S, which is 30+30= 60° below the Nile Delta of Egypt. It confirms the 6 million victims of the Dardanus Flood (33%). The Strait of Bab al-Mandab, the entrance of the Red Sea, is located 13-6= 7° north of Ikom, confirming the 7 figures of this number. The maximum height of the continent of Africa is 37+35= 72°, or about 7 Moiras, confirming the 7 figures of this number, again.

The mouth of the Congo River is located 6+6= 12° south of Ikom, Nigeria, confirming the 18-6= 12 million survivors of the Flood. Most of them were seriously injured.- Cape Raas Caluu-la, Somalia, is located at 12°N, confirming it. The north cape of the island of Madagaskar is located at 12°S, confirming it, again. (Refs.9,10,16,21,22)

PrecipitationThe western mouth of the Niger River is located at 5°N, encoding the total precipitation of the Dardanus Flood, 50 micromoiras, or 50x0.11= 5.5 meters of water. Cape Lopez (Port-Gentil) is located at 1°S. This is 4+1= 5° below Cape Formoso and Mount Cameroon, confirming it. The mouth of the Congo River is located 6-1= 5° below Cape Lopez, confirming it, again. The south side of Lake Chad is located 14-9= 5° east of Ikom, encoding the 50 micromoiras of water. Terrace Bay, Namibia, is located at 20°S, which is 30+20= 50° below the Nile Del-ta, the center of the Northern Egyptian Empire. So, it confirms the 50 micromoiras of water of the Dardanus Flood, again.

The distance from Alok to the south coast, or from Ikom to Mount Cameroon, equals 2°, or 2 moiras, and the distance from these places to the Niger River equals 2 moiras, together enco-ding Dynasty 22 (945-712 BC), because the serious consequences of the Dardanus Flood las-ted to the end of that dynasty. Ponte Albina, the west cape of southern Africa, is located at 16°S. This is 16+6= 22° below Ikom, confirming Dynasty 22. The Nile Delta is located 31-9= 22 moiras to the east, when measured along the equator, confirming this dynasty.

The south tip of the Sinai Peninsula at the end of the Red Sea, and the southern Canary Is-lands in the west, are both located at 28°N. Both places are 28-6= 22° above Ikom, Nigeria, confirming Dynasty 22, again. The width of the continent of Africa at the level of Terrace Bay, Namibia (at 20°S) equals 35-13= 22 moiras, when measured along the equator, confir-ming it. The west cape of Sherbro Island, Sierra Leone, is located 13+9= 22° west of Ikom, confirming this dynasty, again. The consequences of the Dardanus Flood lasted to the end of Dynasty 22.

The south coast to Cape Formoso, and Mount Cameroon, are located at 4°N, encoding the four centuries of chaos and misery after the Dardanus Flood. The coast near Benin City, Ni-geria, is located 9-5= 4 moiras west of Ikom, confirming it. The length of the Niger River, from the confluence with the River Benue to Cape Formoso (the Gulf), equals 8-4= 4°, con-firming it, again. Cape Agulhas, the south cape of Africa, is located 6+35= 41°, or c.4 Moiras, south of Ikom, confirming the four centuries of chaos and misery. The meridian, or NS-line, of Ikom hits the coast of Italy, near the town of Genua, in the north, 44-4= 40° above Mount Cameroon, confirming it. The little town of Lidaan, Somalia, is located 49-9= 40 moiras due east of Ikom, confirming it, again. (Refs.9-11,21,22)

Fig.2 Chief S.E. Akong besides an Ikom Monolith near the village of Alok.(1200 BC-200 AD, Cross River State, SE Nigeria) (Courtesy Macau Daily Times, Ref.6)

GreenlandThe traditional symbol of a Comet is Greenland as the Head of the Comet, and the North At-lantic Ocean as its Tail. Greenland, which consists of ice and stones, was already discovered c.3300 BC (Refs.8-10,19-25).- Cape Sable, the south point of Florida is located at 25°N. It is 60-25= 35° below Cape Farvel, the south point of Greenland, encoding the 35 years between the appearance of the Comet and the actual Catastrophe. The islet of St. Paul near the equator, at 1°N, is located 36-1= 35° below Gibraltar, confirming it. The Strait of Gibraltar, at 36°N, corresponds with the circumference of the planet Earth, 36 Moiras, or 360°, which shows it was a worldwide Catastrophe.

The south coast of Cuba is located at 20°N, corresponding to the 2nd king Ramses III (1184-1153 BC) of the 20th Dynasty. The Dardanus Flood occurred during his reign. The north coast of Cuba is located 3° higher, confirming king Ramses III. It coincides with the holy Tro-pic of Cancer, at 20+3= 23°N. It is the latitude of the Southern Egyptian Empire, and center of the Sun religion. The Mississippi Delta is located at 30°N, confirming king Ramses III, and the 30 days of the month. The northern Delta, at 31°N, confirms his 31 years of reign.

The Azores, in the middle of the Ocean, were already discovered c.3600 BC (Refs.8,9). Cor-vo, the northernmost island of the West Azores, is located at 40°N. It is 60-40= 20° below Ca-pe Farvel, Greenland, confirming the 2nd king Ramses III of the 20th Dynasty. Its latitude at

40°N encodes the first time period of 40 days. The falling stones were causing horrible forest-fires, and the melting ice resulted in torrential rains and worldwide floodings. It was comple-tely dark on Earth.

It also encodes the second time period of 40 days. The climate was completely disrupted. The terrible rains continued, but it also became very cold. So, the rains changed into ferrocious snow and hail storms. The Catastrophe more or less resembled the Biblical Flood of c.2344 BC. Corvo is located 60-40= 20° below Cape Farvel, Greenland, confirming these two time periods. (Refs.21-29)

Casualties and SurvivorsThe civilization around the south point of the Gulf of Campeche, Mexico, is located at 18°N. It was considered as the center of the Realm of the Dead (the Land of Punt). It encodes the 18 million people before the Comet Catastrophe. The Central Azores, at 38°N, are located 38-30 = 8° above the Mississippi Delta, confirming the 8 figures of this number. It also confirms the total duration of 40+40= 80 days of the Catastrophe. The latitude of these islands encodes the exact number of 3.8 million casualties (21%). This is 38-18= 20° above Punt, corresponding to the 2.0 million additional casualties because of system collapse (11%). So, in total there were 3.8+2.0= 5.8 million casualties (32%). The island of Bermuda, at 32°N, confirms this percentage. It was discovered by the last king Unas of the Fifth Dynasty (c.2403-2370 BC). (Refs.7-10,21,22,25-27)

The island of Corvo, at 40°N, confirms the c.4 million casualties. The maximum height of the continent of South America is 12+56= 68°, or c.7 Moiras, confirming the 7 figures of this number. Corvo is located 60-40= 20° below Cape Farvel, Greenland, confirming the 2 million victims because of system collapse. Ikom, Nigeria, at 6°N, corresponds with Cape Farvel, Greenland, at 60°N. Both places each encode the total number of c.6 million casualties of the Dardanus Flood (33%). The islands of Madeira, at 33°N, confirm this percentage. Madeira was already discovered c.4200 BC (Refs.8,9,23).

The north cape of South America is located at 12°N, confirming the 18-6= 12 million survi-vors. Most of them were seriously injured. Its location is 20-12= 8° below the south coast of Cuba, confirming the 8 figures of this number. It is located 12-6= 6° above Ikom, Nigeria, confirming the c.6 million casualties. The name of ‘Dardanus’ means Third, because it was the Flood, in which about one third of the people died, one third of these because of system collapse.

The Central Azores consist of five islands, encoding the total precipitation of the Flood, 50 micromoiras= 50x0.11= 5.5 meters of water. These islands are located 60-38= 22° below Ca-pe Farvel, corresponding to Dynasty 22 (945-712 BC), because the serious consequences of the Dardanus Flood lasted to the end of that dynasty. The northernmost island of Corvo, at 40°N, confirms the circa four centuries of chaos and misery after the Dardanus Flood. (Ref.-21)

DiscussionThe Ikom Monoliths are tentatively dated to the Iron Age (1200 BC-200 AD). It is highly pro-bable, that the stone monuments were erected near the village of Alok, just north of the Cross River, because that holy site still remembers all the features of both the Biblical Flood of the 6th Dynasty (Old Kingdom, c.2344 BC), as well as the Dardanus Flood of the 20th Dynasty (New Kingdom, c.1159 BC). The population numbers of Nigeria around these calamities are

unknown, but during the first Catastrophe c.54% of the people perished, and during the se-cond Disaster c.32% of the people died. It is for sure that both events had a profound, nega-tive impact on the cultural development of the World, also in Nigeria.

References1. Megalithic Portal, Website: http://www.megalithic.co.uk/article.php?sid=182362. Unesco, Website: http://whc.unesco.org/en/tentativelists/5173/3. Weate, J., Website: http://naijablog.blogspot.com/2006/12/ikom-monoliths.html4. Shaw, I., and Jameson, R., A Dictionary of Archaeology, Blackwell, Oxford (1999) (ISBN 0-631-17423-0).5. Acholonu, C., Website: http://www.carcafriculture.org/6. Akong, S.E., Website: http://www.macaudailytimesnews.com/index.php?option=com_con-tent&task=view&id=5008&Itemid=357. De Jonge, R.M., Website: www.slideshare.net/rmdejonge/8. De Jonge, R.M., and Wakefield, J.S., How the SunGod Reached America c.2500 BC, A Guide to Megalithic Sites, 2002 (ISBN 0-917054-19-9). Available: MCS Inc., Box 3392, Kirkland, Wa 98083-3392, also on CD. Website: www.howthesungod.com9. Wakefield, J.S., and De Jonge, R.M., Rocks & Rows, Sailing Routes across the Atlantic and the Copper Trade, MCS Inc, 2010 (ISBN 0-917054-20-2). Available: MCS Inc, Box 3392, Kirkland, Wa USA 98033. Website: www.rocksandrows10. De Jonge, R.M., “The Comet Catastrophe of c.2345 BC”, (six articles), Webpage: www.barry.warmkessel.com/dejonge.html11. Peiser, B.J., Palmer, T., Bailey, M.E., Natural Catastrophes during Bronze Age Civilizati-ons, BAR International Series 728, Oxford, 1998 (ISBN 0-86054-916-X).12. Peiser, B.J., “Evidence for a Global Disaster in the Late 3rd Millennium BC”, Ref.11, pgs.117-140.13. Baillie, M.G.L., “Hints that Cometary Debris played some Role in several Tree-Ring Dated Environmental Downturns in the Bronze Age”, Ref.11, pgs.109-117.14. Baillie, M.G.L., Exodus to Arthur, Catastrophic Encounters with Comets, BT Batsford Ltd., London, 1999 (ISBN 0-7134-8681-3)15. Clube, S.V.M., and Napier, W.M., The Cosmic Winter, Blackwell, Oxford, 1990.16. Joseph, F., Survivors of Atlantis, Their Impact on World Culture, Bear & Co., Vermont 2004 (ISBN 1-59143-0-040-2).17. Grondine, E.P., Man and Impact in the Americas, Kempton, Illinois (2005) (ISBN 0-9776-152-0-0).18. Palmer, T., “Catastrophes, the Deluvial Evidence”, Website: http://abob.libs.uga.edu/bobk/ccc/ce102899.html19. De Jonge, R.M., “Discovery of America and the Flood (c.2300 BC, Ita Letra, Villarrica, Paraguay)”, Ref.7, to be published.20. De Jonge, R.M., “The Discovery of Australia and the Flood (The Rainbow Serpent Shel-ter, Mt. Borradaile, Arnhem Land)”, Ref.7, to be published.21. De Jonge, R.M., “The Brandenburg Stone, Comet Catastrophe of 536/540 AD” (560 AD, Battletown, Meade County, Kentucky), Ref.7, to be published.22. De Jonge, R.M., “The Myths of Monks Mound (Cahokia, Illinois, 650-1400 AD)”, Ref.7, to be published.23. De Jonge, R.M., and Wakefield, J.S., “The Discovery of the Atlantic Islands”, Ancient American, Vol.13, No.81, pgs.18-25 (2008).24. De Jonge, R.M., and Wakefield, J.S., “Greenland, Bridge between the Old and New World, c.2500 BC”, Ancient American, Vol.11, No.67, pgs.12-20 (2006).

25. De Jonge, R.M., “The Discovery of Three Continents (Santo Stefano, North Sardinia, Italy, c.2300 BC)”, Ancient American, Vol.12, No.76, pgs.28-29 (2007), Ref.7.26. Casson, L., Ships and Seafaring in Ancient Times, British Museum Press, 1994 (ISBN 0-7141-1735-8).27. Wachsmann, S., Seagoing Ships and Seamanship in the Bronze Age Levant, College Sta-tion, Texas, 1998.28. Grote Winkler Prins Encyclopedie, 7de druk, Elsevier, Amsterdam (1975) (Dutch)29. De Jonge, R.M., “The Ikom Monoliths and the Flood (1200 BC-200 AD, Cross River Sta-te, Nigeria)”, Ref.7, to be published.

Fig.3 Map of part of Africa (Ref.28).