Hra 310 chapter 4

Chapter Four

Job Analysis: Concepts,

Procedures, and Choices

Copyright © Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 4–2

Chapter Outline• Traditional Job Analysis• The Job Analysis Process• Phase 1: The Scope of the Job Analysis• Phase 2: The Methods of Job Analysis• Phase 3: Data Collection and Analysis• Phase 4: Assessing Traditional Job Analysis Methods• The “New Strategic View” of Job Analysis• Traditional and New Strategic Views of Job Analysis:

Working Together• Job Analysis: Adding Value to the Organization


Defining Job Analysis?

• Is it simply “obtaining information about jobs?”

• Have jobs become extinct?• Are jobs now behavioral contracts

between an employee and an organization?


The Job Analysis Process

• Determine the scope of the project• Decide on the methods of job analysis• Collect the data and analyze it• Assess the costs, benefits and legality

of the analysis project


Phase 1: The Scope of the Job Analysis

• How Will The Job Analysis Data Be Used?– Recruiting & selection– Developing an appraising employees– Determining compensation– Job and organizational design


Scope of Job Analysis (cont’d)

• Determining Which Jobs to Analyze– Strategically important job– Jobs that are difficult to learn– Job that require frequent hiring– Jobs where there are legal issues– Jobs changed by new technology


Phase 2: The Methods of Job Analysis

• Types of Job Data– Work activities– Human Abilities– Occupational Information Network (O*NET)– Qualitative data– Quantitative data


Phase 2: The Methods of Job Analysis (cont’d)

• Sources of Job Data– Non-Human Sources, such as…..

• Existing descriptions• Films of employees working• Blueprints• Equipment maintenance records

– Subject Matter Experts (SMEs)• Job incumbents• Supervisors• Job analysts• Trainers


Phase 2: The Methods of Job Analysis

• Job Analysis Procedures– Narrative Job Descriptions– Engineering Approaches

• Micromotion Studies


Methods of Job Analysis (cont’d)

• Structured Job Analysis Procedures• Critical Incidents Technique (CIT)• Department of Labor O*NET• Functional Job Analysis (FJA)• Position Analysis Questionnaire

(PAQ)• Task Inventory Procedure• Ability Requirements Scales• Personality-Related Procedures


Methods of Job Analysis (cont’d)

• Structured Procedures (cont’d)

– Managerial Job Analysis Procedures• Management Position Description

Questionnaire (MPDQ)• Supervisory Task Description Questionnaire

(STDQ)• Professional and Managerial

Position Questionnaire (PMPQ)– Cognitive Task Analysis


Phase 3: Data Collection and Analysis

• Collecting Job Data– Getting the Organization Ready– Sources of Bias– Job Analysis Interviews

• Analyzing Job Data• Reporting and

Rechecking Job Data


Phase 4: Assessing Job Analysis Methods

• Purposes served• Versatility• Standardization level• User acceptance• Training required• Sample size needed


Assessing Job Analysis Methods (cont’d)

• Off-the-shelf• Reliability• Legality• Time to complete• Cost • Examine validity of the “job descriptive

inference”


The New Strategic View of Job Analysis

• Job Analysis Methods Should Be:– Future-oriented– Linked to key strategic issues– More generic in their approach


The New Strategic View (cont’d)

• Competency Modelling– Task competencies– Results competencies– Outcome competencies– Knowledge, skill, and attitude

competencies – Superior performer differentiators – Attribute bundles


Job Analysis Adding Value?

• Dollar costs versus dollar benefits• Non-dollar costs versus non-dollar

benefits• Dollar and non-dollar costs/benefits

difficult to assess• Critical issue is does job analysis help

employees perform better


Review• Traditional Job Analysis• The Job Analysis Process• Phase 1: The Scope of the Job Analysis• Phase 2: The Methods of Job Analysis• Phase 3: Data Collection and Analysis• Phase 4: Assessing Traditional Job Analysis Methods• The New Strategic View of Job Analysis• Traditional and New Strategic Views of Job Analysis:

Working Together• Job Analysis: Adding Value to the Organization

Education

Hra 310 chapter 4