How we organize ourselves3rd Unit of Inquiry

Take a look at these pictures, what do you see?

Where we live• Some people live in big cities, others live in small villages and

towns.• The place where we live influences how we live our lives.• In big cities we can visit museums and take the metro to get

from one place to another.• In small villages and towns we have more living space and

can enjoy more outdoor activities.

Cities, towns and villages• CITIES are very large areas with many inhabitants.• Cities have tall buildings that are used as homes or offices.• Many of the streets are long and wide.• We can find a variety of shops and businesses.• Inhabitants have Access to many public services (hospitals,

schools, museums, public transportation…).

• TOWNS are smaller than cities and have fewer inhabitants.• There are parks and squares.• We can find many shops and there are also many public

services (hospitals, police stations, fire stations, schools, museums, public transportation…).

• VILLAGES are small places with few inhabitants.• There are few public services.• There is usually a square, a church and a main Street with

shops and other businesses.

Urban areas and rural areasURBAN AREAS • Cities and large towns• Buildings are close so

there are few open spaces.

• There is a large variety of public services.

• There is a large variety of Jobs.

RURAL AREAS• Villages and small towns• Buildings are often far apart from

each other, so there are more open spaces.

• People often share public services.

• There is less variety of jobs.

Areas of a city• THE CITY CENTRE:• is the oldest part of a city. • The streets are narrow and the buildings are old. • Some streets are only for pedestrians.• The main square, the city hall, churches, a train station and

many monuments are in the city centre.

City centre

• MODERN NEIGHBOURHOODS:• As the number of people living in the city grows, new modern

neighbourhoods are built.• There are lots of homes, offices and shops.• The streets are wide and the buildings are new.

• OUTSKIRTS:

• There is usually a lot of space to build new buildings for homes, offices and shops.

• The airport is usually here.• Businesses and factories are here too.

WORK• We classify work into three sectors:

• Primary sector• Secondary sector• Tertiary sector

Primary sector of the economy• Workers in the primary sector obtain natural materials from

the land or the sea.• FARMING• MINING• FISHING

FARMING• ARABLE FARMING: is the farming of plants. We call them crops.

• LIVESTOCK FARMING: is the farming of animals.extensive intensive

• MINING: involves taking natural materials from the Earth (rocks and minerals).

Underground mining Surface mining

• FISHING: involves catching fish and other animals from rivers, lakes and oceans.

Coastal fishing Deep-sea fishing

Secondary sector of the economy• Workers in the secondary sector transform natural materials

into products.

• CRAFT WORKERS: use their hands or simple tools to make unique products. They usually work in a workshop Their products take longer to make and are more expensive.

• INDUSTRIAL WORKERS: work in factories, use machines to manufacture mass-produces products (identical and quickly made). In some factories each worker does a specific task on an assembly line.

Tertiary sector of the economy• Workers in the tertiary sector provide a service.

• Health care• Education• Tourism• Transport• Retail• Administration

From field to home• Transforming natural materials into

manufactured products can be a long process.• All three sectors of the economy are

involved.

PRIMARY SECTOR: obtaining natural materials.

Tomatoes are planted, harvested and transported to a factory.

SECONDARY SECTOR: At the factory the tomatoes are processed into a variety of products.

The final product is distributed by land or sea.

TERTIARY SECTOR: The products are sold at a market or supermarket.

Finally they are consumed.

TOMATOES: from field to home.

Natural Science ByMeEdiciones Bilingües S.L. MACMILLAN EDELVIVESPrimary 3 Activity Book