HOLOGRAPHY AND ITS APPLICATIONS IN DEFENCESIDDHANT S SHIRGUPPECSE K3 64

What is holography?

Holography is a technique that allows the light scattered from an object to be recorded and later reconstructed.

This technique is used to optically store,retrieve and process information.

It preserves the 3D information of the object.

Timeline of holography

Types of holograms

HOLOGRAMS

REFLECTION TRANSMISSION

How photographs work?

Its makes use of white beam of light which is incoherent hence, undergoes results in no interference pattern.

In photography, only intensity is recorded  so photography produces two dimensional picture of the  object(in case of colour photographs wavelength is also recorded)

How holograms work?

The working of the holograms is divided into two phase : 1.recording 2.reconstruction

Recording

It consists of two beams: reference beam[A] and object beam[]. The object beam is the scattered beam which is incoherent. The reference beam is coherent beam. However when they are both incident on the holographic plate, they

create an interference pattern which stores the optical data of the object.

Thus the pattern on the plate can be considered as C

A + B = C

Diagram

AB

C

Why laser?

Normal white is incoherent thus it cannot be used to store phase difference.

However laser is coherent , which is the main reason why interference pattern can be generated .

Laser being coherent, it can store phase difference as well which is the main property required to produce holographic images.

Reconstruction

In order to produce the hologram, the reference laser beam is passed through the holographic plate in the opposite direction.

This can be seen as a reverse process of recording. It can be represented as:

C – B = A

reference

A

C

-B

Millitary applications

New optical laser discs which can handle holographic data, hence a substantial increase in the storage capacity.

Development of the holographic HUD(heads up display) Holographic maps resulting in a clearer understanding of the

topography of the hostile territory, hence producing more strategic combat plans

Used to produce holographic buildings and utilities which act as decoy to the hostile forces, which results in less collateral damage.

Improved virtual reality and augmented reality for hand to hand combat training of the soldiers

Other uses: Anti-counterfeiting in credit card is now a common practice. Intense real room gaming etc.

Millitary HUD using holograms

Holographic topographical maps

Millirtary combat using augmented reality

Intense virtual gaming experience

Conclusion

In the future, holographic dispays will be replacing all present displays in all sizes ranging from small phone screens to large projectors

Holographic technology and spectral imaging has endless applications .

It will give rise to a more technologically advanced and complex combat situations

References

“Holographic projection technology :world is changing” - Ahmed Elmorshidy(ph.d) “Touchable holography” – Takayuki Hoshi. “Holographic 3D displays within the grasp of commercialization”

– Stephen Reichelt. “How holograms work?” - William Tracy. “Working of hologarms”- physicsgirl (youtube channel). “Technical applications of hologarphs” – Integraf.

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