Part I Historical Background of Agrarian

Reform

What is DAR?

Department of Agrarian Reform

Function of DAR

To lead in the implementation of agrarian reform & sustainable development in the

country through land tenure improvement and the provision of integrated development

services to landless farmers, farmworkers and small-landowners-cultivators & the delivery of

agrarian justice as key to long lasting peace and development of the countryside.

What is CARP?

Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program

Objectives of CARP

To stabilized the imbalance landownership arrangement brought about by oppressive

colonial regimes and past governments’ land laws and policies.

HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

Spanish Period (1521-1898)

King Charles I Ferdinand Magellan (March 17, 1521)Miguel Lopez de Legazpi (1565)Legazpi’s Policy – to recognize all of the lands

as part of the public domain.Private ownership was introduced.Every citizen was given choice of land to

cultivate, free from tax.

PuebloEncomiendaEncomienderosTributoGobernadorcillosCacique

Major Sources of Conflict from Landownership

TributoPoloEncomienda

Reasons Behind Inability of Filipinos in Landownership

Ignorance of the processFailed to respond immediatelyFailed to complyLandowners were quick to complyMaura LawPacto de Retroventa

Philippine Revolutionary Government (1898-1899)

Emilio AguinaldoFour classes of estate proprietors

Friars Spanish OfficialsMestizosPrincipalia (Ruling class)

American Rule (1898-1935)

Treaty of Paris (Dec. 10, 1898)Torrens System of Land Registration– Australian, Sir Richard Torrens (1814-1884)

Commonwealth Era (1935-1946)

President Manuel L. QuezonRice Share Tenancy Act of 1933 (R.A. 4054)

50 – 50 sharing of the cropregulation of 50% interest per agricultural yearSafeguard against uninformed dismissal by the

landlord