Submitted By

Vaibhav Bindal

Saurabh Varshney

B. Tech., 4th Year

(Electrical Engineering)

Presentation OnHarduaganj Thermal Power Plant

 Under the Supervision OfMr. Pradeep Kumar

WHAT IS THERMAL POWER STATION

A thermal power station is a power plant in which the main requirement for making electricity is steam.

Thermal power station are the stations in which energy of coal is converted into electrical energy.

Coal is burnt in a boiler which converts the water into steam. The

expansion of steam in turbine produces mechanical power which drives the alternator.

INTRODUCTION

In India 65% of total power is generated by the Thermal Power Stations.

Yamunanagar Thermal Power Project i.e D.C.R.T..P.P(Deen Bandhu ChotuRam Thermal Power Plant) is a project of hariyana.

Harduaganj Thermal Power Station is located at Kasimpur power house colony which is 1KM distance from Harduaganj Railway Station at Harduaganj in Aligarh district in the Indian state of Uttar pradesh

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CAPACITY

Harduaganj Thermal Power Station has a installed capacity of 415MW.

1 Unit of 60 MW capacity (it is unit number fifth).1 Unit of 250 MW capacity (it is unit number eighth).1 Unit of 250 MW capacity (it is unit number ninth)..

Its last unit (ninth unit) of 250 MW became operational in June 2012.

PLANT LAYOUT

DIFFERENT COMPONENTS OF A COAL BASED THERMAL POWER

PLANT Coal Transportation and Handling D M Plant Boiler Turbine Condenser Cooling Towers Generator Excitation System Transformer Ash Handling Plant

COAL TRANSPORTATION AND HANDLING

Coal undergoes various processes like separation, crushing, etc and is then finally moved to the furnace in the form of pulverised coal.

Marshalling Yard: it consist of railway tracks provided to receive the loaded trains, to unload them and to put them back in formation without interference.

Wagon Tippler: this consist of tippler structure that supports the wagon during tippling. It also consists of balance weight which reduces the load on the motor by balancing a portion of weight of the structure.

Crusher: these are used to break the received coal from 250 mm size to about 20 mm size. The crusher consists of fast moving rotor with a number of hammers mounted on rods.

Coal PreparationDryers: they are used in order to remove the excess moisture

from coal mainly wetted during transport.Magnetic separators: coal which contain iron particles may result in wear and tear so these are unwanted and so are removed with the help of magnetic separators.

Pulverizer: A pulverizer is a device for grinding coal for combustion in a furnace in a power plant.

Types of Pulverizer-

Ball and Tube Mill pulverizer consists of a horizontal rotating cylinder, up to three diameters in length, containing a charge of tumbling or cascading steel balls.

Ring and Ball consists of two rings separated by a series of large balls. The lower ring rotates, while the upper ring presses down on the balls via a set of spring and adjuster assemblies.

DEMINERAL ( DM ) PLANTthe water required for formation of steam should be perfectly devoid of minerals because if it would be present with the steam then it will strike the blades of turbine and due to being in high pressure it produces scars or holes on the turbine blades.

BOILER Boiler is an enclosed vessel in which water is heated and circulated until the water is turned into steam at the required pressure.• Coal is burned inside the combustion chamber of boiler.• Gases which are at high temperature vaporize the water

inside the boiler to steam.

Water tube boilers: In these boilers water is inside the tubes and hot gases are outside the tubes.

Fire tube boilers: In these boilers the product of combustion pass through the tubes which are surrounded by water.

TURBINEWhen the fluid flows through the turbine a part of the energy content is continuously extracted and continuously converted into useful mechanical work.Here three stages of turbine are used: HP turbine (high pressure) IP turbine (intermediate pressure) LP turbine (low pressure) Steam flow in the turbine-

Super heater • Super heater consists

group of tubes.• Super heater remove

the moisture from the steam leaving from the boiler tubes.

Economizer• Economizer is a device

which recover the heat from the flue gases on their way to chimney.

• It increases the 10-12% efficiency of the plant.

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CONDENSER

> It is basically a heat exchanger which convert steam from its gaseous to its liquid state.> It is situated below the turbine.> In general it improves the efficiency of plant.

COOLING TOWERSIt is a tower- or building-like device in which atmospheric air (the heat receiver) circulates in direct or indirect contact with warmer water (the heat source) and the water is thereby cooled.

GENERATORThe transformation of mechanical energy into electrical energy is carried out by the generator.It is based upon the principle of electromagnetic induction and consist of a stationary part called the stator and a rotating part called rotor.

EXCITATION SYSTEMThe electric power generator requires direct current excited magnets for its field systems.

TRANSFORMERSIt is a device that transfers electric energy from one alternating-current circuit to one or more other circuits, either increasing (stepping up) or reducing (stepping down) the voltage.

SWITCH YARD

ASH HANDLING SYSTEMElectrostatic precipitator: It is a device which removes dust or other finely divided particles from flue gases by charging the particles inductively with an electric field, then attracting them to highly charged collector plates.

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Advantages

• The fuel used is quite cheap.• Less initial cost as compared to other generating

plants.• It can be installed at any place irrespective of the

existence of coal. The coal can be transported to the site of the plant by rail or road.

• It require less space as compared to Hydro power plants.

• Cost of generation is less than that of diesel power plants.

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Disadvantages• It pollutes the atmosphere due to

production of large amount of smoke and fumes.

• It is costlier in running cost as compared to Hydro electric plants.

• The overall efficiency of thermal power plant is less then 40 %.

*Thank You !!!

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