Dr.T.V.Rao MD 1

HAND WASHING Dr.T.V.Rao MD

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The Programme is Dedicated to Ignaz

Semmelweis

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Normal flora of hands•There are two types of microbes colonizing hands: the resident flora, which consists of microorganisms residing under the superficial cells of the stratum corneum and the transient flora, which colonizes the superficial layers of the skin, and is more amenable to removal by routine hand hygiene

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Colonization of hands with pathogens and their role in

transmission•The hands of HCWs are commonly colonized with pathogens like methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA), vancomycin resistant Enterococcus (VRE), MDR-Gram Negative bacteria (GNBs), Candida spp. and Clostridium difficle, which can survive for as long as 150 h. Approximately 106 skin epithelial cells containing viable microorganisms are shed daily from the normal skin, which can contaminate the gowns, bed linen, bedside furniture, and other objects in the patient's immediate environment

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Aim of hand washing •The aim of hand washing is to remove microorganisms from the hands, preventing their potential transfer. It is known that organisms survive and multiply on human hands, creating the opportunity to infect others or the host.6 Hand washing reduces the number of transient organisms on the skin surface. Although hands cannot be sterilized, most transient organisms can be removed by 30 seconds of proper scrubbing with soap and water.

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Hundreds of millions are Manifested with Health Care

Associated Infections •Each year, hundreds of millions of patients around the world are affected by health care-associated infections (HCAIs). Although HCAI is the most frequent adverse event in health care, its true global burden remains unknown because of the difficulty in gathering reliable data.

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Hand Washing prevent spread of Infections

•Keeping hands clean is one of the best ways to prevent the spread of infection and illness.

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Clean hands can stop spread of germs

•Hand washing is easy to do and it's one of the most effective ways to prevent the spread of many types of infection and illness in all settings—from your home and workplace to child care facilities and hospitals. Clean hands can stop germs from spreading from one person to another and throughout an entire community.

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Learn more about when and how to wash your

hands.•Before, during, and after preparing food

•Before eating food

•Before and after caring for someone who is sick

•Before and after treating a cut or wound

•After using the toilet

•After changing diapers or cleaning up a child who has used the toilet

•After blowing your nose, coughing, or sneezing

•After touching an animal, animal feed, or animal waste

•After touching garbage

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What is the right way to wash your hands?

•Wet your hands with clean, running water (warm or cold), turn off the tap, and apply soap.

•Lather your hands by rubbing them together with the soap. Be sure to lather the backs of your hands, between your fingers, and under your nails.

•Scrub your hands for at least 20 seconds. Rinse your hands well under clean, running water.

•Dry your hands using a clean towel or air dry them.

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What should you do if you don't have soap and clean,

running water?•Washing hands with soap and water is the best way to reduce the number of microbes on them in most situations. If soap and water are not available, use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer that contains at least 60% alcohol. Alcohol-based hand sanitizers can quickly reduce the number of microbes on hands in some situations, but sanitizers do not eliminate all types of germs.

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Hand sanitizers may not be as effective when hands are visibly

dirty or greasy.•How do you use hand sanitizers?

•Apply the product to the palm of one hand (read the label to learn the correct amount).

•Rub your hands together.

•Rub the product over all surfaces of your hands and fingers until your hands are dry.

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Antimicrobial Spectrum and Characteristics of Hand-Hygiene

Antiseptic Agents*

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Did you know ?1 in 5 People Don't Wash

Their Hands•Did you know that 1 in 5 people don't wash their hands and of those that do only 30% use soap. The CDC recommends 15-20 seconds of vigorous hand washing with soap and water to effectively kill germs, but only about 5% of people wash their hands for 15-seconds or more. The result - fecal matter including bacteria such as E. coli can be found on just over a quarter of our hands according to a new study by hygiene experts from Queen Mary University of London

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Global Hand Washing Day (October 15th)

•Over the past five years, Global Hand Washing Day has grown from a one-day celebration in a few cities to a worldwide movement. Events include an attempt to set a record for the most people washing their hands at the same time and a microbiological investigation into the hygienic nature of currency.

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As Posted by Dr Pierre GRASCHA•Only 1 out of 5 people do not wash hands. Based on my own observations, I think that the reality is unfortunately worse than that. 2 in 5 or 3 in 5 is probably a more realistic figure.

•The only way to sort this problem out is to educate people as early age as possible. When I was a child, we used to have moral education courses every morning but nothing about the basics of hygiene. Today we know enough about microbiological risks in relation with lack of hygiene; then why hygiene is not systematically explained to kids in primary schools?

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Paper Towels or Hot Air Dryers - Which is Better

& Why?•The study revealed, "from a hygiene viewpoint, paper towels are superior to electronic air dryers" and "drying hands thoroughly with single-use, disposable paper towels is the preferred method of hand drying." It concluded by recommending, "The provision of paper towels should be considered as a means of improving hand hygiene adherence."

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What is the best way to Wash Hands •Multiple studies indicate that in addition to

surfactant action, friction (good old fashioned elbow grease) at the rinsing stage is perhaps the most critical period of hand washing in its ability to dislodge viruses from skin surfaces. you only have so many highly aggressive hand washings (hand washing events) a day to remove viruses before hands begin to dry out and become sore, even when using the gentlest of soaps.

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What is the Role of Medical Teachers

•The important aspect of role models for students, whose adherence is strongly influenced by their mentor's attitude at bed side should be exploited in moulding the behaviour of young medical students. A few lectures in the undergraduate curriculum may prime the medical students to this basic necessity.

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Do Not Forget

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What we Need in many Hospitals

•Hand washing should become an educational priority. Educational interventions for medical students should provide clear evidence that HCWs hands become grossly contaminated with pathogens upon patient contact and that alcohol hand rubs are the easiest and most effective means of decontaminating hands and thereby reducing the rates of HAIs. Increasing the emphasis on infection control, giving the charge of infection control to senior organizational members, changing the paradigm of surveillance to continuous monitoring and effective data feedback are some of the important measures which need to be initiated in Indian hospitals.

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Global Hand Washing Day on Social Networking

•Global Hand Washing Day will also be celebrated virtually on Twitter and Facebook with the #iwashmyhands hashtag. Twitter users are encouraged to tweet #iwashmyhands to help raise awareness about the importance of hand washing correctly with soap. There is also an interactive social media game available at http://globalhandwashing.org/ghw which educates players about hygiene and allows them to share.

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Our Clean Hands saves Many Lives

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•Programme Created By Dr.T.V.Rao MD for

Propagation of Hand hygiene in the Global Health Care

•Email•doctortvrao@gmail.com