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See http://sandymillin.wordpress.com for a full list of my graphs worksheets
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Graphs Summary
Verbs
Use past simple for completed changes in the past.
Use present perfect for changes which started in the past and continue until now.
an upward trend the highest point stability
climb
double
go up
grow
improve
increase
jump
pick up (after low period)
recover (after low period)
rocket
shoot up
take off
peak
reach a peak
even out
hold firm
level off
remain stable
remain steady
stabilise
stagnate (negative)
a downward trend the lowest point fluctuation
come down
decrease
deteriorate
drop
fall
go down
halve
plunge
shrink
slip back (after a high point)
bottom out
hit a low
slump
fluctuate
Created by Sandy Millin
Graphs Summary
Adverbs
Amount of change
1. dramatically2. vastly, hugely, enormously3. substantially, considerable,
significantly4. moderately5. slightly, a little
Speed of change
1. sharply, rapidly, quickly, swiftly2. consistently, steadily, gradually3. slowly
Prepositions
1. to emphasize the difference between
before and after
a. from…to… [from £20 to £40]
2. to show a single point on the graph
(almost always a high / low)
b. at… [at 120p]
3. to show the amount of change c. by… [by 20% / by £20]
4. to show an approximate amount d. about/around… [about 200
people]
5. to show a figure (slightly) bigger than… e. (just) over… [just over £20m]
6. to show a figure (slightly) smaller than… f. (just) under… [just under
£20m]
7. to show the final point in an ongoing
change
g. to… [to £30]
NOTE: an increase of 20%, to fluctuate between £200m and £250m
Created by Sandy Millin
Graphs Summary
Adjectives and nouns
There + be (+ quite) + a / an (+ adjective) + noun + preposition Date + see (+ quite) + a / an (+ adjective) + noun + preposition
Adverb Adjective
considerably considerable
dramatically dramatic
enormously enormous
hugely huge
moderately moderate
significantly significant
slightly slight
substantially substantial
vastly vast
consistently consistent
gradually gradual
quickly quick
rapidly rapid
sharply sharp
slowly slow
steadily steady
swiftly swift
Verb Noun (+ article)
to increase an increase
to grow a growth
to improve an improvement
to jump a jump
to recover a recovery
to decrease a decrease
to deteriorate a deterioration
to drop a drop
to fall a fall
to shrink a shrinkage
to peak a peak
to plunge a plunge
to slump a slump
to stagnate a stagnation
to level off a levelling off
to fluctuate a fluctuation
[to fluctuate] ups and downs
Created by Sandy Millin
Graphs Summary
Linking Phrases
Introducing the graph Introducing a contrast Introducing bad newsThe above graph
shows…
The graph on page 4 of
the report shows…
This is in contrast to…
On the other hand…
However…
Unfortunately…
Showing a sequence Showing results Highlighting important information
This was followed by…
This was preceded by…
This led to…
This led on from…
As a result…
As a consequence…
Consequently…
This has resulted in…
Most importantly…
Created by Sandy Millin