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Going, going, goneCan Legal Deposit save us from the digital black hole?
Margaret FloodKeeper, Collection ManagementArlene HealySub-librarian, Digital Systems & ServicesCONUL Conference 3rd June 2015
Overview
The question Legal Deposit - context and issues in a digital environment The UK Experience as case study
Progress to legislation
The technical challenges
What is in scope for collection?/what is collected?
Capturing the web
Balancing stakeholder interests Answering the question and lessons learned … and Ireland?
What is Legal Deposit?
“Legal deposit is a statutory obligation which requires that any organization, commercial or public, and any individual producing any type of documentation in multiple copies, be obliged to deposit one or more copies with a recognized national institution”.
Guidelines for Legal Deposit Legislation Unesco,
Paris, 2000
Objectives of Legal Deposit
To preserve the cultural, social and intellectual output of a nation for the benefit of future generations
To make it accessible to researchers & citizens both now and in the future
To record and describe what has been collected
Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin
The comprehensiveness of the national intellectual archive is becoming increasingly compromised as new types of publication are not covered by the legal deposit system.”
British Library, 2002
Image © British Library Board
Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin
UK - the path to legislation & realisation
British
Govt.
Consu
ltatio
n paper
Kenny Worki
ng Party
Joint C
ommittee fo
r Legal D
eposit
Key success factors:– Genuine cross-party support– High degree of cooperation between libraries and publishers both before and
after legislation– Publishers interest represented at all stages of the process– New UK legislation disassociates legal deposit from copyright framework– Enabling legislation which is flexible enough to cope with formats not yet
visualised– Full public consultation and regulatory impact assessment part of the process
Legal Deposit
Libra
ries
ActJoint C
ommittee fo
r Voluntary
Deposit
Voluntary Deposit
Sch
eme for O
ffline
and Micr
oform
First
reco
mm
enda
tions
Legal
Deposit
Adv
isory
Pan
el
Implementation
of Regulations
Revie
w
2004 2005 2008 2013 201720032000199919981997
Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin
The contents have it …
Legal Deposit Libraries (Non-Print Works) Regulations 2013 signed into law on the 6th March 2013
Extension of existing legal frameworks
Systematic collection of UK’s published output for heritage and preservation
By 6 UK Legal Deposit Libraries
Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin
Let’s party – The Launch
2013 Regulations: Access
Access only on the premises of a legal deposit library
One concurrent user per work No downloading/digital copying Limited printing (UK ‘Fair dealing’) “Perpetual copyright”[?]
Implications for Web Archive
Post-implementation review 2017/2018
Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin
Implementation: Digital Library System
Collaboration on implementation & shared costs
4 Storage Nodes (Complete Copies) British Library, St. Pancras British Library, Boston Spa National Library of Wales National Library of Scotland
Additional Access Points Bodleian Library, Oxford Cambridge University Library Trinity College Library, Dublin
Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin
INFO Page
Outside TCD Reading Room
Stella Search
TCD eLD Local Infrastructure
Secure Server
Book/Article
Web Archive
TCD Reading Room Desktop
Virtual Desktop
TCD Print Service
Stella Search
ERICOM CONNECT
REQUEST
REQUEST
Book/Article
Web Archive
RESPONSE Digital Library System
Web ArchiveRESPONSE
REQUEST
Implementation: Access & Print Service
2013 Regulations: Collecting
1. Offline works (CD-ROM) Publisher deposit by obligation
2. Open web LDL crawl for UK domain web archive
3. Web behind pay walls and password barriers Negotiated access for harvesting
4. Online works (e-journals, e-books) Publisher deposit (to each deposit Library) by mutual
agreement
Print or electronic version, not both
Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin
13
Collecting StrategyYear 1
2013 – 2014 Year 2
2014-2015Year 3
2015-2016Year 4
2016 - 2017
Themed crawls i.e. Focused crawls on event-based collectionsUK domain crawl – circa 4.8m websites
“
2 relatively small publishers (3,100 titles annually)
XML/SGMLe-journals
+PDF e-
journals andmonographs
EPube-books
Websites
2,881 e-journal titles from 3 major
publishers
To date: 711,145 e-journal articles deposited.
3 major publisher
13 major publishers set to transition to e-deposit (15,500 new titles annually)
Publisher deposit portal ‘beta’ launched
3,278 e-journal titles from 9
major publishers
3 additional relatively small publishers(3,585 titles annually)
Maps & Music Scores
Harvesting of individual documents from the Web
4,614 e-journal titles from 14
major publishers.(3 more in
negotiation)
139 publishers registered to date
Discussion in progress to prioritise publishers for 2016/17 –Focus on ‘born digital’ content
Active promotion of the Portal to smaller publishersc
Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin
The UK Web Domain
Over 10 million .uk registered domain
UK organisations also use non .uk domain names (eg .com or .org)
Non-print Legal Deposit applies to
the open (freely available) web: .uk
other UK-published (non .uk) websites, such as .com, .org…
made available to the public by a person or an organisation and the activities relating to the creation or the publication of the work take place within the United Kingdom
Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin
Web archive – collecting strategy
Domain Crawl
News
Special collection Special collection
Domain crawl: • Broad sweep
of UK domain
• Once or twice a year
Events & key sites and news: • Events of UK
interest• High value,
high impact sites
• National & regional news
Special Collection: • Focused,
thematic collections
• Support priority subjects
Key sitesEvents
Special collectionSpecial collection
Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin
Legal Deposit UK Web Archive
Annual Domain Crawl 2013: 31TB, 1.2 billion URLs, 4
million hosts 2014: 57TB, 1.9 billion URLs, 10.3
million hosts including 2.5 non .uk
Events, news sites, key sites ~15TB
Full-text searchable in Legal Deposit Libraries’ reading rooms
Discoverable through BL Web Archive Search Tool
Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin
Lessons Learned - UK Experience
• Ensure conditions of access are intuitive to how people find and use information online
• Balance security & access requirements
Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin
Lessons learned – UK Experience
The technical infrastructure and access solution meet the security requirements of the Regulations
– one concurrent user per Library premises
– no digital copying
However the end result is currently inflexible and inhospitable to integration with other systems.
– Provision of universal access problematic
– Self Service Printing – implementation challenges
Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin
Answering the question – a qualified yes
• National boundaries do not make sense in a digital world
• Content is to some extent pre-selected by technical capability
• The content producers and the formats are evolving faster than libraries can deal with
• There are open questions on sustainability and resourcing going forward
But
While Legal Deposit may not be the perfect answer, it is altruistic in its objective to serve the common good for the now and into the future
Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin
“Our commercial partners in the information delivery space do wonderful things and we couldn't live our lives without them.
But the time frame we think on, centuries back and centuries into the future, allows us to think about trust in its highest sense, and authentication and provenance of information, and digital information in particular”.
Roly Keating
CEO, British Library
The Mechanical Curator and Other Stories,
Hay Festival, 23rd May 2015
Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin
…. and Ireland
Small-scale commercial publishing, but significant publishing activity across a number of sectors.
Lack of effective legislative framework Copyright and Related Rights Act, 2000 – limited
provisions for non-print formats Irish Copyright Review, 2012, recommends the
insertion of a new section in the Act to deal with digital legal deposit.
What might be done in the absence of legislation?
Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin
Irish Publishing Landscape 2015
With thanks to Niamh Harte, TCD Library
Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin
With thanks to Niamh Harte, TCD,
Web-site publishing
Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin
Print Legal Deposit - monographs
With thanks to Niamh Harte, TCD Library
Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin
Initiatives in Ireland
Trinity College Dublin, The University of Dublin
While preserving the content, and safeguarding the interests of the rights-holders are critical, future Irish legislation should endeavour to create a legal framework that makes the content collected under digital legal deposit accessible and useful to the greatest number of our citizens
Final thoughts
