1. Globalization is arguably the most important factor
currently shaping the world economy. Although it is not a new
phenomenon (waves of globalization can be traced back to the 1800s)
the changes it is bringing about now occur far more rapidly, spread
more widely and have a much greater business, economic and social
impact than ever before.
2. GLOBALIZATION
3. Some special features of globalization in present days
Growing interdependence of all processes Establishing of a global
financial-economic area Information technologies - WWW Change in
the states functions vanishing of the national boarders
Universality of the world dissemination of the democratic system
and socio cultural values
4. SUB. Trade Migration Telecommunications Nature Flows of
physical goods Flows of people Flows of information Types Raw
materials, energy, food, parts and consumption goods Permanent,
temporary (migrant workers), tourism, business transactions
Communication, power exchanges, symbolic exchanges Medium Transport
modes and terminals (freight) Transport modes and terminals
(passengers) Transport modes and terminals (postal),
telecommunication systems Network Hub and spoke with
interconnections Hub and spoke Redundant and diffuse (point to
point) Main Gateways Ports Airports Global cities Speed Low to
average Slow to fast Instantaneous Capacity Very large Large Almost
unlimited
5. There are three main types of flows in a global economy:
Concerns flows taking place to satisfy material demands ranging
from raw materials to finished goods. This is mainly assumed by
maritime shipping, which is supported by port infrastructures
acting as the main gateways of this flow system, but airports play
an important role in the trade of high value goods. The flows of
people taking place for a variety of reasons, most of them related
to tourism with air transportation being the dominant mode
supporting such flows. The global air transport system can handle
about four million passengers per day Freight (trade). Passengers
(migration).
6. The complex and extensive flows of information used for
communication, power exchanges (e.g. an online order) and symbolic
exchanges (e.g. education). Information flows can both take a
physical (e.g. parcels) and non-physical form, which are dominantly
articulated by a network of global cities. Information
(telecommunications).
7. Today, it seems that globalization is an irresistible
process. Some people believe that globalization has brought some
positive side in our life such as free trade and environmental
protection. However, others argue that the process of globalization
has negative effects in terms of culture and economy. Who is right
or wrong? In this, I will discuss the advantages and disadvantages
of globalization relating to cultural globalization, economical
globalization and political globalization.
8. Impact on Culture/Community Positive effects Increased
cultural exposure and understanding Closer cross- border ties
Negative effects More mobility disrupts social life, particularly
in remote or rural communities Disintegration of local communities
Cultural homogenization and monoculture / reduced cultural
diversity
9. Impact on the Environment Positive effects More efficient
use of resources Increased demand for and transfer of more
efficient technologies Increased incomes lead to greater concern
for environmental protection Increased consumption Advertising
creates artificial needs Greater use of fossil fuels (increased
travel) Increased surplus and scarcity Increased degradation from
unregulated businesses More factories require more
infrastructure
10. Impact on the Government Positive effects Increased
economic development Expanded infrastructure Transfer of modern
management techniques Greater interdependence among business
partners o Negative effects MNC power increased MNCs externalize
cost to countries Competition results in too many concessions MNCs
influence local policies Companies incorporate in low tax countries
Pressure to reduce social benefits
11. Positive effects Increased job opportunities Upgraded
education system Increased training Negative effects Job
displacement Loss of industries or economic groups Lowered labor
standards Downward wage pressure Decreased union power Diminished
social contract
12. Consumers also profit from globalization. Products become
cheaper and you can get new goods more quickly. Globalization lets
countries do what they can do best. If, for example, you buy cheap
steel from another country you dont have to make your own steel.
You can focus on computers or other things. Globalization gives you
a larger market. You can sell more goods and make more money. You
cancreate more jobs.
13. Globalization causes unemployment in industrialized
countries because firms move their factories to places where they
can get cheaper workers. Globalization may lead to more
environmental problems. A company may want to build factories in
other countries because environmental laws are not as strict as
they are at home. Poor countries in the Third World may have to cut
down more trees so that they can sell wood to richer
countries.
14. Globalization can lead to financial problems . In the 1970s
and 80s countries like Mexico, Thailand, Indonesia or Brazil got a
lot of money from investors who hoped they could build up new
businesses there. These new companies often didnt work, so they had
to close down and investors pulled out their money. Some of the
poorest countries in the world, especially in Africa, may get even
poorer. Their population is not as educated as in developed
countries and they dont have the new technology that we do. Human,
animal and plant diseases can spread more quickly through
globalization.
15. 1. Alent Cheria Varghese ----} LEADER 2. Edwin Alias 3.
Eldhose Cherian Babu 4. Deepthi Saji 5. Sandra Susan 6. Alisha
Maria Shaji 7. Mintu Susan 8. Stella Kuriakose