By : Luxin Li (Kacey)

Huishu Liang (Lynns)

Jing Yao (Maggie)

Qingle Sheng (Shane)

Dorice Ondati

GLOBAL CHILD

CARE: CHINA

Agenda

History Underlying philosophyAvailability and accessibilityProgram structureThe role and training of the Early

childhood Educator

History By Dorice Ontadi

China • 1902: first child care was built

by foreign Christians• 1903:the first Chinese public

kindergarten was built • 1922:Established of child care

system• 1920s-1940: Growth in public

and private child care• World War II: Developed full

day and part time day care • 1966:1976: child care system

was destroyed by wrong policy• 1977-1990: Recovery and

growth of childcare both in cities and villagers.

Ontario• 1883: The first public

school kindergarten.• 1920s:1930 Provided

single mother welfare benefits.World war II Government paid all fees for the childcare.

• 1946:The day nurseries act was built.

• 1950: Increased in cooperative nursery schools.

• 1960-1980:Canada assistance plan : subsidies for qualified families.

• 1990: subsidy plan “freezes”.

• 1996: changed funding formula to provincial transfer payment .

Presently China

• Universal childcare except poor areas

• Growth quickly in private child care higher qualities

• Higher cost of private childcare

• Government provides subsidies directly to some private child care to reduce families financial burden

Ontario• 2003: Liberal party

provided funding for universal child care

• 2006: Cancelled plan replaced by universal child benefit provided each child $1,200subsidy per year per year

• All practicing ECEs are required college diploma

Underlying philosophy by Luxin Li (Kacey)

Early Childhood Curriculum Reform

Since the 1980s

(1) Early Childhood Curriculum Reform in China

(2) Teachers’ Beliefs and Practices of Intended Curriculum Reform

Curriculum Reform• The traditional Early Childhood

Education in China is the teacher direct the whole-class session.

• China has adopted the Western progressive ideology.

Adopted Western Curriculum

•DAP (Developmentally Appropriate Practice)

•the Montessori Approach

•the Project Approach

•the Reggio Emilia Approach

•the High/Scope Curriculum

Three Main Ideas

(1) respecting children

(2) active learning

(3) play-based teaching and learning

Belief Reform

(1) enough resources and support

(2) high teacher–children ratio,

(3) sufficient professional training for teachers

Availability and accessibility

By Qingle

Shen (Shane)

Government funding is limited to urban area

Child care is available to people who can afford it

Majority child care centers in urban area

Public kindergartens: 5000 Yuan≈$833.No sponsorship fees.

Private kindergartens:8000 Yuan≈$1300.Have sponsorship fees.

The kindergartens are concentrated in a city.

There are few centers in rural areaPer year per child pays 2000 Yuan≈$833

That ratio is about 1: 20-40

No legislation enforces

child-adult ratio

• China Canada- Lack of subsidies - Government subsidy low- Per year per child pays 5000 or income families • 8000 Yuan≈$833 or $1300 - Child-adult ratios safety

standard- No legislation enforces - Spreading distribution• child-adult ratio - Evenly distribution- Concentrating distribution In rural area:- Unevenly distribution - More child care• In rural area: - Relatively distribution- Per year per child pays - One area at least have one • 2000 Yuan≈$333 child care- A few child care - Easily to find one- unevenly distribution- Some place do not • have child care• - Hard to get there

Compare

Program structure

By:

Jing Yao (Maggie)

Staff-Child RatioChildren enter elementary school at age 6.

Small group (age 3-4) : 3 :20-25

Middle group (age 4-5) : 3: 26-30

Senior group (age 5-6) : 3: 31-35

Three Type of Early Childhood Programs

• Nurseries• kindergarten • pre-primary programs.

Nurseries

Nurseries serve children under age 3. Small group size and many caregivers assure prompt, abundant care. Since physical care and nurturing are the primary goals, the caregivers are trained as "nurses" rather than teachers. Programs for 2-year-olds are often combined with kindergartens.

KindergartenIn China, the term "kindergarten" refers to full-day programs serving children from age 3 to age 6. About 20 percent of the 3-to-6 year-olds attend kindergarten .The programs serve the twofold purpose of child care and educational preparation.

A variety of sources provide kindergarten programs - the government, government-licensed private individuals and neighborhood committees, and work units. Work units are government-operated comprehensive communities in which workers and their families work and reside, such as those organized around a college or factory.

Children are generally grouped by age in kindergarten. Government regulations in 1981 recommended three groupings: juniors (3-year-olds) , middle (4-year-olds) and seniors (5-year-olds) Education replaces physical care as the primary emphasis in this program. Class size increases with age, ranging from 20 to 40 children. Each group typically has two teachers and a nurse.

Pre-primary Program

An alternative type of early childhood

program is the pre-primary classroom,

which is a part of the elementary

school. It is typically a half-day program

serving children the year prior to 1st

grade. Comparable to U.S. public

kindergartens, these classes usually

place greater emphasis upon academics

and use teaching methods similar to

those of the Chinese elementary

classrooms.

CurriculumThe nationally prescribed curriculum includes language, math, art, music, physical education and general knowledge, which is a combination of science and social studies.

Singing and dancing occupy an important

place in the curriculum. Even 2-year-olds

may participate in well-rehearsed public

performances of song and dance routines.

The Role and Training of the Early childhood Educator By Huishu Liang (Lynns)

The Training of the ECE Educator•Degree•Language Certificate•Teacher Certificate•Take Exam

The Role of the ECE Educator•Love children•Presentation Skills•Writing•Extra Skills •Good characteristic

Reference• Wong, J. (n.d.). Join Academia.edu & Share your research with the world. Early

childhood curriculum reform in China: Perspectives from examining teachers' beliefs and practices in Chinese literacy teaching. Retrieved November 7, 2013, from http://www.academia.edu/1460840/Early_childhood_curriculum_reform_in_China_Perspectives_from_examining_teachers_beliefs_and_practices_in_Chinese_literacy_teaching

• Hu, B. (n.d.). EXAMINING THE GENERAL QUALITY OF EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION AND STRUCTURAL VARIABLES IN SUPPORT OF EARLY CHILDHOOD INCLUSION IN BEIJING, CHINA. EXAMINING THE GENERAL QUALITY OF EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION AND STRUCTURAL VARIABLES IN SUPPORT OF EARLY CHILDHOOD INCLUSION IN BEIJING, CHINA. Retrieved November 7, 2013, from http://etd.fcla.edu/CF/CFE0002699/Hu_BiYing_200908_PhD.pdf

• Vaughan, Joan. "Early Childhood Education in China." PBS. PBS, n.d. Web. 8 Nov. 2013. http://www.pbs.org/kcts/preciouschildren/earlyed/read_vaughan.html

• "Early childhood educator." Early Childhood Educator. N.p., n.d. Web. 8 Nov. 2013. http://webcache.googleusercontent.com/search?q=cache:PSQmevbJl5IJ:www.ccsc-cssge.ca/sites/default/files/uploads/Toolkit/1_8_Jobdescription_EarlyChildhoodEducator.doc+&cd=5&hl=zh-CN&ct=clnk&gl=ca&client=aff-cs-360se

• Http://careforchina.net/services/child-care.htm

Thank you for listening!