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Presentation "Getting Technologies into Use: Adoption of Climate-Smart Practices in Nyando, Kenya" by Ruth Meinzen-Dick, IFPRI. Presented at Food Security in a World of Growing Natural Resource Scarcity event on February 12, 2014.
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Getting Technologies into Use: Adoption of “Climate-Smart Practices”
in Nyando, Kenya
Food Security in a World of Changing Climate and Natural Resource Scarcity: The Role of Agricultural Technologies
February 12, 2014
Ruth Meinzen-Dick
Photo: K. Trautmann
• Production Systems in Nyando:– Maize– Sorghum– Sugarcane– Local, crossbreed, and dairy
livestock• Largely subsistence farms• Challenges:
– Soil erosion, declining soil fertility, drought stress, and flooding
– High poverty rates, labor shortages, low productivity, and poor health/nutritional status
Who is using Climate-Smart Practices?
Photos K. Troutmann, V. Atakos, K. Troutmann
• Despite years of promotion, low adoption of agroforestry
• Relatively high adoption of high yield varieties, but extremely low for stress tolerant
Low Adoption of CSA practices….
Photo: K. Troutmann
• Extension and promotion efforts not reaching all respondents
• Gender is often a significant variable for awareness
• Other factors affecting awareness: education, spousal awareness, innovative/traditional motivations, access to different sources of information
But, Adoption starts with Awareness
Photo: K. Troutmann
• After accounting for awareness, does not seem that gender itself is a constraint
• Other variables considered: impacts of shocks, female decision making, tenure security, coordination, access to weather forecasting, access to credit
• No single clear story of what increases adoption
Do Women Adopt Less than Men?
Adoption: More than an Individual Decision
Time
Short Long
Space
Farm
Com-munity
Nation
Property Rights
Coordination
State
Colle
ctive
Ac
tion
Forests
Watershed management
Terracing
New seeds AgroforestrySoil Carbon
Integrated Pest Management
Irrigation
Seed Systems
Group
• It’s complicated and depends on the technologies
• Role of credit, information sources, land tenure, collective action
• Past experiences suggest that many institutional variables are important
CSA Adoption and Awareness in Nyando
Photos: K. Troutmann
Conclusions
Technology adoption depends on context: social and institutional, not just biophysicalNeed to continue paying attention to effective and efficient ways of reaching farmers (women as well as men) and to encourage the adoption of these technologies
Photos: V. Atakos