Infinitive

Analytical Exposition

A. Pengertian

Gerund adalah kata kerja dalam bentuk “ing” yang berfungsi sebagai kata benda atau kata sifat. Gerund bisa digunakan sebagai subyek, obyek, komplemen dan penjelas kata benda lainnya.

a. As Subject

Example :

1. Cooking is a good hobby

2. Swimming makes us healthy

3. Driving a car isn’t easy

Example:

1. I don’t like smoking

2. Rafi enjoys reading a book

3. They don’t mind coming to the party

Example:

1. He gave up drinking milk

2. She went to sleep after reading the novel

3. Before waving her hand, she smiled at me

4. Ali goes on speaking in the class

Beberapa preposisi yang perlu diketahui adalah : at, after, before, from, in, on, of, under, up, though, about, without, for and to.

Gerund sebagai komplement selalu diletakkan

setelah to be (am, is, are, was, were)

Example:

1. My hobby is drawing

2. His favourite sport was riding bicycle

Example :

1. The waiting room is very large

2. The reading books are on the table

3. She has taken too many sleeping pills

Example :

1. No smoking

2. No parking

3. No spitting

Go birdwatching

Go hiking Go sightseeing

Go buaring Go hunting Go skating

Go bowling Go jogging Go skiing

Go camping Go mountain climbing

Go sledding

Go canoeing Go running Go swimming

Go dancing Go sailing Go tobogganing

Go fishing Go shopping Go window shopping

VERB

Admit Regret Delay

Advise Remember Concider

Anticipate Stop Resent

Avoid Complete Resist

Deny Discuss Risk

Enjoy Dislike Suggest

Finish Keep Tolerate

Forget Mention Understand

Can’t help Pospone Apreciate

Mind Practice Recollect

Miss Quit Continue

recall Recommend Excuse

A. Pengertian

Infinitive adalah kata kerja yang menggunakan “to” maupun yang tidak menggunakan to.

a. As subject

Example:

1. To ride with a drunk driver is dangerous

2. To solve the problem is not easy

Example:

1. He took a chair to sit

2. She wants a book to read

3. We need a lot of water to drink

Example:

1. The lesson are easy to understand

2. They are happy to pass the entrance test

3. The tea is too hot to drink

4. She was sad to hear that terrible news

Example :

1. Shabrina went to buy a cracker

2. The come to see us

3. She decided to continue her study

Example :

1. He asked me how to do exercise

2. They do not know where to go

3. Tell him which hotel to stay

4. She was conviced when to start the business

Afford Demand Need Struggle

Agree Deserve Offer Swear

Appear Expect Plan Threaten

Arrange Fail Prepare Volunteer

Ask Forget Pretend Wait

Beg Hesitate Promise Want

Care Hope Refuse Wish

Claim Learn Regret

Consider Manage Remember

Decide Mean Seem

Advise Expect Persuade

Allow Forbid Remind

Ask Force Require

Beg Hire Teach

Cause Instruct Tell

Challenge Invite Urge

Convince Need Want

Dare Order Warn

Encourage Permit

Beberapa kata kerja yang bisa diikuti gerund dan to infinitive adalah sebagai berikut :

-advise (menasehati) - Intend (bermaksud)

-allow (mengijinkan) - Love (mencintai)

-attempt (mencoba) - Prefer (lebih menyukai)

-begin ( memulai) - Regret (menyesali)

-continue (melanjutkan) - Remember (ingat)

-forget (melupakan) - start (memulai)

-hate (membenci) - stop (menghentikan)

-like (menyukai) - try (mencoba)

Beberapa kata kerja tersebut, ada kata kerja yang memiliki perbedaan yang sangat kontras apabila diikuti oleh gerund dan to infinitive seperti, (like,stop,forget,remember,recall,try,regret)

Example :

1. I stop to smoke.

(artinya : berhenti dari melakukan perbuatan tertentu baru kemudian merokok)

I stop smoking.

(artinya : berhenti dari perbuatan merokok untuk kemudian melakukan perbuatan yang lain)

2. I forget to give Ghinan a book.

(artinya : saya belum memberi buku kepada Ghinan, dan saya lupa)

I forgot giving Ghinan a book.

(artinya : saya sudah memberi buku kepada Ghinan, dan saya lupa)

A. PengertianAnalytical exposition adalah jenis teks lisan atau tertulis yang dimaksudkan untuk membujuk/meyakinkan pendengar atau pembaca bahwa ada sesuatu yang terjadi.

B. Purpose (Tujuan)1. untuk meyakinkan dengan menghadirkan argumen

2. untuk menganalisis atau menjelaskan

C. Language Features (Struktur Bahasa yang digunakan)1. kata-kata yang berhubungan dengan emosi, seperti : alarmed, worried

2. kata-kata yang memenuhi syarat pernyataan, seperti : usual, probably

3. kata-kata yang menghubungkan pendapat, seperti : firstly, however,on the other hand, therefore

4. Biasanya menggunakan tenses present tense and present perfect tense

5. menggunakan kalimat compound dan complex sentences

D. Generic Structure

1. Thesis

memperkenalkan topik dan menunjukkan posisi pembicara atau penulis : garis besar pendapat/argumen yang disajikan.

2. Arguments

terdiri sekitar titik dan elaborasi. Poin menyatakan argumen utama sementara elaborasi mengembangkan dan mendukung setiap titik argumen.

3. Conclusion/ Reiteration

Bagian ini merupakan bagian penutup dari sebuah teks Analytical Exposition yang selalu terletak di akhir paragraph. Reiteration berisi penulisan kembali atau penempatan kembali main idea yang terdapat di paragraph pertama

Being too fat is commonly known as overweight or obesity. It is simply defined as too much body fat inside. Overweight potentially leads high risk of health problem.

Being too fat is recognized as a major factor for heart disease. Due to the overweight, the heart will work harder. It can lead to the heart attack. Furthermore, obesity potentially rises blood cholesterol and blood pressure. In addition, being too fat can change the amount of sugar in the blood. This will cause diabetes and other serous disease.

Beside all of that, being too fat is often avoided by many young women. They said that becoming too fat will bother their physical beauty appearance.

More serious studies are necessary to see the effect of obesity. However it is clear enough that overweight is not good enough for healthy life.

-Thesis : Do you know if you are too fat, you may

have serious problem with your healt ? A group of doctors wrote a report about some of the effects of too much fat.

- Arguments : One important effect is on the heart. If you are fat, your heart has to work harder. This may lead

to a heart attack ; or it may lead to other heart problem.

In addition, extra fat can also change the amount of sugar in your blood. This can cause serious disease such as diabetes.

Furthermore high blood pressure is another possible result of being fat.

- Reiteration : More studies are needed about all these problems but one thing is clear, extra fat may make your life shorter