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I° Riunione Gruppo di Lavoro SISEF Modellistica ForestaleWorkshop, Bologna, 18 Dicembre 2009The GEOtop model: eco-hydrological applications at plot and catchment scale.G. Bertoldi, S. Della Chiesa, S. Endrizzi, M. Dall’Amico, E. Cordano, S. Simoni, U.Tappeiner, R. Rigon
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The GEOtop model: The GEOtop model:
eco-hydrological applications eco-hydrological applications
at plot and catchment scaleat plot and catchment scale
Institute for Alpine Environment
G. Bertoldi, S. Della Chiesa,G. Bertoldi, S. Della Chiesa,
S. Endrizzi, M. Dall’Amico, E. S. Endrizzi, M. Dall’Amico, E.
Cordano, S. Simoni,Cordano, S. Simoni,
U.Tappeiner, R. RigonU.Tappeiner, R. Rigon
Università di Trento Dip. Ing. Civile ed Ambientale
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I° Riunione Gruppo di Lavoro SISEF Modellistica ForestaleWorkshop, Bologna, 18 Dicembre 2009
Università di Bologna, Facoltà di Agraria
ResearchResearchLand - vegetation - atmosphere Land - vegetation - atmosphere interactions.interactions.
EcohydrologyEcohydrology
CoupledCoupled surface energy and hydrological fluxes. surface energy and hydrological fluxes.
Different Different spatial scalesspatial scales (plot, catchments) (plot, catchments)
Focus: mountainsFocus: mountains • Effect of Effect of topographytopography on evapotranspiration and discharge partition. on evapotranspiration and discharge partition.• Spatial Spatial variabilityvariability (precipitation, land use, vegetation, topography). (precipitation, land use, vegetation, topography).
GoalsGoals Hydrological predictionsHydrological predictions mean and long range. mean and long range.
ImpactsImpacts of of land use land use and and climate changesclimate changes
on on hydrological cyclehydrological cycle and on and on terrestrial ecosystemsterrestrial ecosystems..
Increasing need of accurate modeling
capabilities !
Modeling: research goals
GEOGEOTOPTOP
MethodMethodSVAT SVAT ModelsModels
Rainfall-Runoff Rainfall-Runoff ModelsModels
DVM DVM ModelsModels
GeoTOP model overview (I)
Plot scale: Soil Vegetation Atmosphere Transfer (SVAT)
Rigon R., Bertoldi G. and Over T.M., GEOtop: A Distributed Hydrological Model with Coupled Water and Energy Budgets, Journal of Hydrometeorology, 7, 371-388, 2006.
Soil column water and energy budget
Figure adapted from (Liang, X. et al. 1994)
GEOtop model overview (II)
Land cover /
Vegetation
Soil moisture
Runoff production
Topography
Evapotranspiration
Climate
Catchment scale: distributed hydrological model
Figure adapted from (Abbott, M. B. et al. 1986)
SnowSnow
Landscape scale ecohydrological modeling
GeoTOP hydrological model
Landscape scale: remote sensing
Plot scale: ground
observations
On-going: dynamic vegetation
Plot scalePlot scale::
Integration of a DVM model to simulate Integration of a DVM model to simulate
grassland dynamic in alpine meadowsgrassland dynamic in alpine meadows
In collaboration with:In collaboration with:
Georg Wohlfahrt (Institute of Ecology Univ. of Innsbruck)Georg Wohlfahrt (Institute of Ecology Univ. of Innsbruck)
John D. Albertson (CEE, Duke University, USA)John D. Albertson (CEE, Duke University, USA)
Modeling surface fluxes : LST
Landscape scaleLandscape scale: :
Land Surface Temperature in an alpine Land Surface Temperature in an alpine catchment catchment
In collaboration with:In collaboration with:
Riccardo Rigon and his team (CUDAM, Univ. of Trento)Riccardo Rigon and his team (CUDAM, Univ. of Trento)
Stefano Endrizzi (University of Saskatchewan, Canada)Stefano Endrizzi (University of Saskatchewan, Canada)
Claudia Notarnicola (EURAC Remote Sensing Institute)Claudia Notarnicola (EURAC Remote Sensing Institute)
LST: spatial distribution comparison
GEOtop LST [oC]
R2 = 0.88
Model spatial patterns validation
LANDSAT LST [oC]
Topographic and land cover controls on surface energy Topographic and land cover controls on surface energy budgetbudget
LST: land cover controls
Landscape scaleLandscape scale: :
Modeling water cycle in the Matsch ValleyModeling water cycle in the Matsch Valley
Financed by:Financed by:
Province of Bolzano Research FoundProvince of Bolzano Research Found
Water cycle modeling
Network of 17 stations
for:
• Model validation
• Process analysis
• Scenarios analysis
Matsch valley research area
Transect stationsCatchment stationsRun-off measurements
Water cycle componentsWater cycle components
SWCSWC Soil Water ContentSoil Water Content
55 cm depth cm depth 20th June 200320th June 2003))
SWC
Runof
fGEOtop simulatio
nsET
SWE
ET Evapotranspiration
(ET mean June 2003)
2 w/m2
286 w/m2
SWE SWE Snow Water EquivalentSnow Water Equivalent
((1st Apr 20031st Apr 2003))
Runoff Runoff ((Hydrographic Hydrographic
office Province of office Province of Bolzano) Bolzano)
Soil water content
Soil Water ContentSoil Water Content Layer 1Layer 1 5 cm depth5 cm depth (zoom 20th June (zoom 20th June 2003)2003)
Interplay of:
• local climate • topography
soil properties • root water extraction
Effect of aspect (N/S)
Effect of elevation
1. topography / energy forcing
Effect of topographic convergence (hollow)
Effect of topographic divergence (dry ridge)
3. water distribution
Effect of land cover Effect of land cover (forest/grassland)(forest/grassland)
2. land cover
ET June 2003ET June 2003
2 w/m2 w/m22
LowLow
High High 286 w/m286 w/m22
Evapotranspiration
GEOtop is an Open Source collaborative projects and other are invited to bring
into new components
www.geotop.org
It is an ongoing group work …
University of Trento / Mountain-eering
• R. Rigon group:• S. Simoni:hillslope stability.• S. Endrizzi: snow-melt.• M. Dall’Amico: permafrost.
Spreading World-wide …
• Xujun Han, Cold and Arid Regions
Environmental and Engineering.
Research Institute, Chinese Academy of
Sciences.
• Cuell Charles, National Hydrology
Research Center, Canada.
• Stephan Gruber, University of Zürich.
EURAC research
• S. Della Chiesa: dynamic vegetation modeling (grasslands)
Related publications
Peer reviewed GEOtop publicationsPeer reviewed GEOtop publications- Bertoldi G., Notarnicola C., Leitinger G., Endrizzi S., Zebisch M., and Tappeiner U., Morphological and Bertoldi G., Notarnicola C., Leitinger G., Endrizzi S., Zebisch M., and Tappeiner U., Morphological and
ecohydrological controls on land surface temperature in an Alpine catchment, ecohydrological controls on land surface temperature in an Alpine catchment, Ecohydrology,Ecohydrology, under under revision.revision.
- Gebremichael, M., Rigon, R., Bertoldi, G., and Over, T. M.: On the scaling characteristics of observed and Gebremichael, M., Rigon, R., Bertoldi, G., and Over, T. M.: On the scaling characteristics of observed and simulated spatial soil moisture fields, Nonlin. Processes Geophys., 16, 141-150, 2009.simulated spatial soil moisture fields, Nonlin. Processes Geophys., 16, 141-150, 2009.
- Simoni, S., Zanotti, F., Bertoldi, G., Rigon, R., 2006: Modelling the probability of occurrence of shallow Simoni, S., Zanotti, F., Bertoldi, G., Rigon, R., 2006: Modelling the probability of occurrence of shallow landslides and channelized debris flows using GEOtop-SF, Hydrological Processes,. doi: 10.1002/hyp.6886, landslides and channelized debris flows using GEOtop-SF, Hydrological Processes,. doi: 10.1002/hyp.6886, 2007.2007.
- Rigon R., G. Bertoldi and T. M. Over, GEOtop: A Distributed Hydrological Model with Coupled Water and Rigon R., G. Bertoldi and T. M. Over, GEOtop: A Distributed Hydrological Model with Coupled Water and Energy Budgets., Journal of Hydrometeorology, Vol. 7, No. 3, pages 371-388, 2006.Energy Budgets., Journal of Hydrometeorology, Vol. 7, No. 3, pages 371-388, 2006.
- Bertoldi, G., R. Rigon and T. M. Over, Impact of Watershed Geomorphic Characteristics on the Energy and Bertoldi, G., R. Rigon and T. M. Over, Impact of Watershed Geomorphic Characteristics on the Energy and Water Budgets, Journal of Hydrometeorology, Vol. 7, No. 3, pages 389-403, 2006.Water Budgets, Journal of Hydrometeorology, Vol. 7, No. 3, pages 389-403, 2006.
- Zanotti F., S. Endrizzi, G. Bertoldi and R. Rigon, The GEOTOP snow module, Hydrol. Proc., 18, 3667-3679 Zanotti F., S. Endrizzi, G. Bertoldi and R. Rigon, The GEOTOP snow module, Hydrol. Proc., 18, 3667-3679 (2004), DOI 10.1002/hyp.5794.(2004), DOI 10.1002/hyp.5794.