• The Future Perfect expresses the idea that something will occur before another action in the future. It can also show that something will happen before a specific time in the future.

Look at this example

Paul will have given up playing PS for hours by the time he gets back from his vacation.

If there’s a verb in the time clause, use the present tense

REMEMBER: No Future in Time Clauses

• Like all future forms, the Future Perfect cannot be used in clauses beginning with time expressions such as: when, while, before, after, by the time, as soon as, if, unless, etc. Instead of Future Perfect, Simple Present is used.

By the time we celebrate the life and death of Christ, everyone will have remembered his sufferings and triumph.

This is the time clause, This is the time clause, so, use the PRESENT so, use the PRESENT

TENSETENSE

By the time we By the time we celebratecelebrate the life and the life and

death of Christ,death of Christ,

By the time we By the time we celebratecelebrate the life and the life and

death of Christ,death of Christ,

everyone everyone will have will have remembered remembered his his

sufferings…sufferings…

everyone everyone will have will have remembered remembered his his

sufferings…sufferings…

Action that will be Action that will be completed, so, future perfect completed, so, future perfect

tensetense

JM: Don't worry. By the time you get back, I (pick) up the living room and

(finish) washing the dishes. Everything will be perfect when our

parents arrive. Victor: I hope so. They (arrive) by 6

o'clock. JM: Everything (be) spotless by the

time they get here.

Now you try!

• JM: Don't worry. By the time you get back, I will have picked up the living room and finished washing the dishes. Everything will be perfect when our parents arrive. Victor: I hope so. They will have arrived by 6 o'clock. JM: Everything will have been spotless by the time they get here.

I just have two more tasks before I 1 am free to cook. By 7:00 pm, I (cook) our dinner.

Jordan: I can't believe Marc will observe Italy in other countries. Where exactly does he want to go? 2 Emily: He wants to visit Rome, the Vatican and Jerusalem.

Jordan: At this rate, he (visit) every country in the world by the time he gets 50.

I just have two more tasks before I 1 am free to cook. By 7:00 pm, I will have cooked our dinner.

Jordan: I can't believe Marc compares Italy with other countries. Where exactly does he want to go? 2 Emily: He wants to visit Rome, the Vatican and Jerusalem.

Jordan: At this rate, he will have visited every country in the world by the time he gets 50.

Lawrence: I can't believe how late we are! By the time we get to the dinner, everyone (finish, already) eating. Lance: Who cares? By the time we get there, everyone (leave) the place and no one will get worried of us.

Lawrence: I can't believe how late we are! By the time we get to the dinner, everyone will have already finished eating. Lance: Who cares? By the time we get there, everyone will have left the place and no one will get worried of us.

• So, now go to unit 3 and complete the exercises for future perfect…