NALANDA ENGLISH MEDIUM HIGHER SECONDARY SCHOOL

SESSION:- 2016-2017PRESENTATION ON

FOOD SECURITY

GUIDED BY:- SUBMITTED BY:-

AYUSHI MAM AAYUSH MENON

Food security exist when all people at all time have physical social and economic access to sufficient safe and nutritious food which meets their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life (FAO 2002)

Food security means : Availability,Accessibility andAffordability of food to all people at times.

Enough food is available for all the persons All persons have the capacity to buy food of

acceptable quality and There is no barrier on access to food.

Food Security is ensured in a country only if

For the poor sections of the societyNatural disasters or calamity like

earthquake, drought, flood, tsunami,Widespread crop failure due to drought

Need for Food Security:

How drought affects food securityDrought takes place

Totalproduction of food

grains

Shortage of food in the affected areas

Prices

Some peoplecannot afford to buy food =

Food Insecurity

If such calamity happens in a very wide spread

area or is stretched over a longer time

period, it may cause a situation of starvation.

STARVATION

A massive starvation might take a turn of famine.

A Famine is characterized by 1. widespread deaths and

2. epidemics

Famine

Bengal Famine, 1943 -killed 1.5 million to 3 millionThe Bihar famine, 1966-7 - 2,353 deaths due to starvation reported

Starvation deaths have also been reported in: 1. Kalahandi and Kashipur in Orissa 2. Baran district of Rajasthan,3. Palamau district of Jharkhand and many other remote areas during the recentyears.

Famines and Starvation Deaths in India

•Food insecurity is often rooted in poverty and has long-term impacts on the ability of families, communities and countries to develop.

Worst Affected Groups:landless peopletraditional artisanstraditional services providerspetty self-employed workersHomeless, beggars etc.Families employed in ill-paid occupationscasual labourers (seasonal activities+

very low wages)

Food Insecure Groups

Uttar Pradesh (eastern and south-eastern parts), Bihar,

Jharkhand, Orissa, West Bengal,Chhattisgarh, parts of Madhya Pradesh andMaharashtra

States facing problem of food insecurity

Inadequate diet for a long timePoor people suffer from chronic hunger

Chronic Hunger

Due agricultural activities-rural regions & urban areas- casual labourWhen a person is unable to get work for the entire year

Seasonal Hunger

Hunger, another aspect of Food Insecurity

Current statusNearly 800 million people across the globe go to bed hungry every night.

To meet the needs of a world population expected to reach 9 billion by 2050, agricultural production will need to increase by at least 60 percent.

India’s poor population amounts to more than 300 million people, with almost 30 percent of India’s rural population living in poverty.

The good news is, poverty has been on the decline in recent years.

According to official government of India estimates, poverty declined from 37.2% in 2004-05 to 29.8% in 2009-10.

The Global Hunger Index (GHI) is a multidimensional statistical tool used to describe the state of countries' hunger situation.

The GHI measures progress and failures in the global fight against hunger. 

India is home to 25 percent of the world’s hungry population. An estimated 43 per cent of children under the age of five years are malnourished (WFP 2012)

It has the world’s largest area under cultivation for wheat, rice, and cotton, and is the world’s largest producer of milk, pulses, and spices (World Bank 2014).

Rural poverty declined by 8 percentage points from 41.8% to 33.8% and urban poverty by 4.8 percentage points from 25.7% to 20.9% over the same period (World Bank 2012).

Agricultural Production 2007 2008 2009 2010

Rice Production 144,570,000 MT

148,036,000 MT

135,673,000 MT

143,963,000 MT

Wheat Production 75,806,700 MT

78,570,200 MT

80,680,000 MT

80,710,000 MT

Maize Production 18,955,400 MT

19,731,400 MT

16,719,500 MT

21,725,800 MT

Soybean Production 10,968,000 MT

9,905,000 MT

10,217,000 MT

12,736,000 MT

Agricultural Exports 2006 2007 2008 2009

Rice Exports 4,739,872 MT

6,450,062 MT

2,484,275 MT

2,148,040 MT

Wheat Exports 46,633 MT 237.00 MT 1,121 MT 29.00 MT

Maize Exports 637,411 MT 2,727,715 MT

3,537,303 MT

2,600,821 MT

Soybean Exports 3,528 MT 7,460 MT 44,838 MT 24,699 MT

Agricultural Imports 2005 2006 2007 2008

Rice Imports 256.00 MT 162.00 MT 145.00 MT 85.00 MT

Wheat Imports 37,760 MT 6,079,560 MT 2,677,830 MT 20.00 MT

Maize Imports 1,632 MT 2,000 MT 4,273 MT 7,280 MT

Soybean Imports 2.00 MT 336.00 MT 29.00 MT 38.00 MT

Food Security IndicatorsCalorie Supply Per Capita,Receipts of Food Aid (cereals)

Calorie supply per capita is amount of food available for consumption, measured in kilocalories per capita per day.

This figure is reached by dividing the total available food supply for human consumption by the population.

This dataset tracks the calorie supply per capita in each country for calories available from crop products.

Although these figures can be taken as average supply available for consumption, actual consumption by individuals can vary greatly.

Highest Growth

Punjab and Haryana

Tamil Nadu and AndhraPradesh

India’s attempts at attaining Food Security

Green Revolution: Food grain Production

Buffer

Stock

Public Distribution System

Food Security System of India

India’s Food Security System

Government schemes

PDS (initial Public Distribution System scheme)

RPS (Revamped Public Distribution System)

TPDS (Targeted Public Distribution System)

Special Schemes:AAY (Antyodaya Anna Yojana)APS (Annapurna Scheme)

Benefits from the PDS:

Stabilizes prices of foodgrains Makes food available at affordable pricesBy supplying food from surplus regions

of the country to the deficit ones, it helps in combating hunger and famine

Prices set with poor households in mindProvides income security to farmers in

certain regions

Problems faced by PDS:Problem of Hunger still exists in many areas of

IndiaFoodstock in granaries often above specifed levelsDeterioration in quality of stored foodgrains if

kept for longer timeHigh storage costsIncrease in MSP has led to shift from coarse grain

to rice and wheat production among the farmersCultivation of rice has also led to environmental

degradation and fall in the water level

Average consumption of PDS grain at the all-India level is very low

Malpractices on part of PDS dealers: Diverting the grains to open market to

get better margin, Selling poor quality grains at ration

shops, Irregular opening of the shopsLow Income families earning just above

poverty line have to pay APL rates which are almost equal to open market rates – lower incentive to buy from Fair Price Shops

Challenges to achieving food securityGlobal water crisisLand degradationClimate changeAgricultural diseasesFood sovereignty

Risks to food securityPopulation growthFossil fuel dependenceHomogeneity in the global food supplyPrice settingLand use changeGlobal catastrophic risks

BIBLIOGRAPHY

It took great help of our economic book & some help of internet , my friends & subject

teacher .

Thankyou