FILM AND VIDEO EDITING UNIT 16 UNDERSTANDING THE DEVELOPMENT AND PRINCIPLES OF EDITING

LO1 Rachael Collinson

EDWIN PORTER

 Edwin porter was born on April 21, 1870, in Connellsville and died on April 30, 1941 in New York City.

 Edwin porter was the person who came up with the idea of a cut

 A cut is when you stop filming and you then move the camera into a new scene and then continue filming

  In 1903 the first idea of a cut was placed into a movie, it was a silent film because they hadn't developed sound for movies.

ALFRED HITCHCOCK

 Alfred Hitchcock was born on August the 13, 1899 in Leytonstone and died on the 29th of April 1980.

 Alfred Hitchcock was a film director  He used all original techniques which are now

widely know such as:- the shower scene in phsco, this consists of a woman oblivious to the situation showering behind a curtain and the killer pulling back the curtain and killing the woman.

 Alfred Hitchcock usually directs thrillers.  And was the first director to use the vertigo

technique which shows peoples minds spinning because they are afraid of heights

IN CAMERA EDITING  Edit in camera is when you need to shoot every

scene in order  For example if you were filming a show where you

were in a restaurant and then you cut to a forest you would have to travel to the forest, and then back to the restaurant ect.

  In camera editing can be quite time consuming, this is why it is not used as much in films now

 Furthermore you only get one shot, you cant just keep retaking it

 There isn't an example of a show using in camera editing because it is unprofessional, but an example of someone using in camera editing would be if I filmed a video I would edit it in camera because I don't have any editing software.

MULTIPLE POINTS OF VIEW

 They have different types of multiple points of view. They have point of view (POV) and over the shoulder shot

 The POV shot is a shot that you see exactly what the person can see, an example of a POV shot is a show called Peep Show.

 And an over the shoulder shot is a shot that is normally used during convocations and various other scenes.

 An example of an over the shoulder shot is when Woody is talking to the three peas in the pod

180O RULE

 This is one of the most important because it determines how the finished product will appear on the screen.

 For example you could have two characters talking to each other, one is facing left the other right this implies that they are talking to each other or are acquaintances

 This is used all the time in films it is when the camera pans 180o when two people are talking.

MANIPULATION OF DIEGETIC TIME AND SPACE

  this shows a person, object or environment changing over a period of time, they could be getting older or younger

 This allows the audience to see the time change visibly.

 An example of time being visibly changed is in Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban, in a scene Herminie uses a form of time transportation device which lets them travel in time and change location

CUTAWAYS

 A cut away is when you cut from one scene to another

 Most movies use cutaways because it keeps the viewer entertained.

 An example of a cut away is a lesson being filmed and then a cutaway to the principle at the door nodding his head in disappointment this would tell us that the class or someone in the class has been naughty and not done their work.

 This is a reaction shot.

MONTAGE

 This was influenced by Porter’s theory, that you can look at two unrelated shots and then deduce that the two shots are related

 Russian filmmakers like Eisenstein tried to take this principle even further.

 Montage editing is the technique of using different shots, of unrelated footage, and from there allowing the audience to deduce their own meaning to the sequence of shots. 

 These shots don’t normally go together in an narrative film, in some cases they can even

 An example of a montage is in family guy when the directors want to show you what’s happening in a very short amount of time.

PUDOVKIN’S 5 PRINCIPLES OF EDITING