FAO and Indigenous Peoples

Updated in April 2016

ILOC169 - Indigenous and Tribal Peoples Convention (No. 169)

1989

Declaration of Atitlan

2002

FAOVoluntary Guidelines to Support the Progressive Realization of the Right to Adequate Food in the Context of National Food Security

2004

Anchorage Declaration

2009

FAOPolicy on Indigenous and Tribal Peoples

2010

CFS-FAOThe Voluntary Guidelines on the Responsible Governance of Tenure of Land, Fisheries and Forests in the Context of National Food Security

2012

UNUnited Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples

UNOutcome document of the World Conference on Indigenous Peoples

2014

CFS-FAOPrinciples for Responsible Investment in Agriculture and Food Systems

First International Decade of the World’s Indigenous Peoples (1995 - 2004)

Second International Decade of the World’s Indigenous Peoples (2005 - 2014)

CFS-FAOThe Voluntary Guidelines for Securing Sustainable Small-Scale Fisheries in the Context of Food Security and Poverty Eradication

2014

2014

* Time not to scale

2007

CGRFA-FAOVoluntary Guidelines for Mainstreaming Biodiversity into Policies, Programmes and National and Regional Plans of Action on Nutrition

2015

FAO HQ“Indigenous food systems, agroecology and the Voluntary Guidelines on Tenure: A meeting between indigenous peoples and FAO”

2015

UN/FAO & INDIGENOUS PEOPLES – TIMELINE

FAO HQ “Indigenous Peoples and Food Security Indicators” seminar

2015

Who are Indigenous Peoples?

FAO Policy (2010) in accordance with international consensus:

• Priority in time, with respect to occupation and use of a specific territory;

• The voluntary perpetuation of cultural distinctiveness, which may include aspects of language, social organization religion and spiritual values, modes of production, laws and institutions;

• Self-identification, as well as recognition by other groups, or by State authorities, as a distinct collectivity; and

• An experience of subjugation, marginalization, dispossession, exclusion or discrimination, whether or not these conditions persist.

FAO’s main pillars on Indigenous Peoples

Free, Prior and

Informed Consent

Voluntary Guidelines

Tenure

Indigenous Food

SystemsIndicators

Advocacy Coordination

Free, Prior and Informed Consent

What is FPIC?Indigenous Peoples are able to conduct their own independent collective decision making on matters affecting their rights; access; lands; territories; resources; health; collective identity; culture and spirituality; livelihoods; social cohesion and well-being.

Free: independent process of decision making. Prior: Right for IPs to undertake their own decision making

process regarding any project that concerns them before its implementation.

Informed: Right to be provided and to have sufficient information on matters for decision-making.

Consent: Collective and independent decision of impacted. communities after undergoing their own process of decision making.

Free, Prior and Informed Consent

FAO Mandate: World Free from Hunger and Malnutrition

•For PROJECT MANAGERS

International Human Rights standards

(ILO 169 & UNDRIP)

FAO Environmental and Social Management and Project Cycle

Guidelines

•9-10 July, FAO HQ

FPIC Capacity Development Programme

• For PROJECT MANAGERS

Workshop to design the programme

Delivery of the training

Application of the FPIC principles in projects and

programmes

& FAO

Objective of applying Free, Prior and Informed

Consent As stated in the FAO Environmental and Social Management Guidelines:

• ensuring a positive engagement of indigenous peoples in project;

• avoiding adverse impacts, or when avoidance is not feasible, minimizing, mitigating or compensating for such effects, as per the indigenous peoples agreement; and

• tailoring benefits in a culturally appropriate way.

Voluntary Guidelines on Governance of Tenure (VGGT)

The Voluntary Guidelines on Tenure and Indigenous Peoples

• Call upon States and other parties to hold good faith consultation with indigenous peoples before initiating any project or measure affecting the resources for which they hold rights, in order to obtain their free, prior and informed consent.

• Recognize the right of self determination and self governance of tenure.• States should recognize and protect legitimate tenure rights of

indigenous peoples and consider adapting their policy, legal and organizational frameworks to recognize tenure systems of indigenous peoples.

• Encourage participation of indigenous peoples in the development of laws and policies related to their tenure systems and calls, where necessary, for assistance to communities to increase the capacity of their members to participate fully in decision-making and governance of their tenure systems.

Engagement with Indigenous Peoples’ in relation to the Voluntary Guidelines on

Tenure• National multi-stakeholders workshops on the

VGGT inclusion of indigenous peoples’ representatives, analysis of main issues related to tenure in the countries.

• Regional capacity building programme applied for and with Indigenous Peoples: IPs representatives from 6 countries in Central America.

• National Capacity development programmes for Indigenous Peoples in 3 countries in Asia.

Technical guides relevant for Indigenous Peoples

Underway: Technical guide on Pastoralism and Rangelands

Indigenous Food Systems

7,000 plant species used as food in the world, BUT only 150 species are commercial; 103 species provide 90% of food; 3 species (wheat, rice and maize) produce 56% of all the calories consumed by humans.

Over the coming 35 years, unprecedented confluence of pressures on agriculture:

• 30 % increase in the global population (9.3 billion in 2050); • competition for land, water and energy resources;• threat of climate change.

Necessity to review existing food

systems: Feeding the World NEED FOR

SUSTAINABLE FOOD SYSTEMS:

for world food security, for economic and social

opportunities, and biodiversity protection.

Resiliency to external shocks

Medicine

Adaptation to climate change

Food production and consumption

Diversification of crops & foods

Solidarity mechanisms

Social identity

Spirituality

Culture & Traditions

Traditional knowledge

Maintenance of biodiversity Resilient ecosystems

What we could learn from Indigenous Food Systems

• Indigenous Food Systems could be part of the answer to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals;

• FAO Multidisciplinary Working group on Indigenous Food Systems: an Outcome of the global meeting between Indigenous Peoples and FAO in February 2015;

• Search for more partners: institutions, researchers, indigenous local communities, etc.;

• Focus: • Consumption trends of indigenous food and

value of food systems holistic approach (food, medicine, Solidarity, biodiversity, spirituality, climate change)

• Undertake analysis (macro & micro nutrients) of different Indigenous Foods

Evidence on Nutritional value

FAO’s approach on Indigenous Food Systems

Food composition and indigenous foods

Indigenous Foods tend to be more nutritious than

commercial crops.

Our aim is to extend that knowledge to

hundreds of indigenous foods for

Indigenous Peoples to promote their own

sustainable nutrient-rich food systems.

Food security indicators

• Workshop on Indigenous Peoples and Food Security Indicators (25-26 May 2015), gathered 14 indigenous peoples from different countries in Latin America.

• Two-folded objective: 1. Enable indigenous peoples to have a better

understanding of the SDGs process and how indicators relevant for indigenous peoples’ can be developed.

2. Train indigenous enumerators to learn the methodology used in the Voices of the Hungry Project.

• Several pilots will be conducted in indigenous communities to gather food security data.

Advocacy

• Organization of sensitization events (e.g. side-event during major conferences)

• Participation to relevant external events (e.g. Indigenous Terra Madre 2015)

• Empowerment of indigenous peoples (e.g. Indigenous Women Leaders Capacity Building programme on Human Rights, Food Security and Nutrition and Advocacy Skills- FIMI).

National Programmes of the Leadership School for Indigenous Women Human Rights, Food Security and Nutrition and Advocacy Skills

3 step methodology:

5 month Virtual Phase

E-learning Platform

Two weekIntensive

Face-to-Face Seminar

Development of Advocacy Plans

-FAO’s work with Indigenous Peoples-Food security and sovereignty-Free, prior and informed consent-Gender and human rights-Indigenous food systems -Advocacy

2015 201

6BoliviaPeru

Philippines

IndiaPanama

El Salvador

Paraguay

Topics Face-to-Face:

Bolivia, December 2015

Peru, January 2016India, November 2016

Coordination

• Inter-agency support group on Indigenous Peoples (IASG)

• United Nations Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues (UNPFII)

• Interdepartmental working group on Indigenous Peoples in FAO

• Network of FAO focal points in the decentralized offices

• Caucus of indigenous peoples’ representatives in the 7 socio-cultural regions

• Internship programme for Indigenous Peoples

FAO Focal Points in decentralized offices and Caucus of indigenous peoples’ representatives

THANK YOU!

Indigenous Peoples’ Team

Indigenous-peoples@fao.org

http://www.fao.org/indigenous-peoples/en/