EUROPEAN IMPERIALISM in

AFRICA“One of History’s More Brutal and Insensitive

Episodes”

Imperialism Seizure of a country or territory by a stronger

nation for their own Political, Economic, or Social GAINS

AFRICAN CONTINENT Hundreds of different Ethnic and Linguistic

groups Large Empires to small independent states

Getting to the Interior Vaccines against Malaria Maxim Gun Steam-powered Riverboats Original Motives:

Explore, Missionaries, Humanitarian

CONGO David Livingston in

1860 Journalist Henry

Stanley wrote while searching for Livingston

Sparked interest of KING LEOPOLD II Belgium

Abolish Slavery and promote Christianity????

Brutality in the Congo Brutally exploited Congolese for sap from rubber plants 10 million died Started a long History of Brutality in Congo

Listen to the yell of Leopold’s Ghost

Burning in Hell for his hand-maimed host

Hear how the demons chuckle and yell

Cutting his hands off, down in Hell

“Off With the Hands”

Bigger Picture http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uu6-TLC0NR

Q&feature=related

What is your reaction to this video? Who is to blame? What can be done?

Driving Force Industrial Revolution Social Darwinism

Better and more fit than Africans Strongest will survive

BERLIN CONFERENCE1884 – 1885

14 EUROPEAN NATIONS Could claim land by notifying others and show

you could control it Who is Missing?

Results New Boundaries Created Rival Tribes forced to live together in same

“States” Europeans Industrialize Railroads, Highways,

and Mines CECIL RHODES: British Business man, supporter

of imperialist expansion (DeBeers)

African Resistance African tribes joined together to resist

Europeans All were eventually Un-Successful EXCEPT Ethiopia

Defeated the Italians in 1896 Menelik II pitted Brits, French, and Italians

against each other WHY?

South Africa Africans, Dutch, and British Zulus

Zulu nation fell to Brits by 1887 Boers “Dutch Farmers”

Clashed with Brits over slaves and land GREAT TREK North to escape Brits

Fought with Zulus Found Diamonds and Gold

Boer War Diamonds and Gold by 1880s British v Boers

Brutality v Commando War Tactics Black South Africans captured and Killed

(14,000) British win in 1910 Union of South Africa under British Flag

New Imperialism Type of Rule

Direct: French Paternalism Assimilation

Indirect: British Strong Military

Effects of Imperialism New Political and Economic Systems

Justice Direct/Indirect Rule

Material Improvements Communication and Transportation Hospitals/ Sanitation

Education Elite ONLY European History