- 1. TROLLEY PREPARATION FOREAR, NOSE AND THROATEXAMINATIONFree
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2. ENT EXAMINATIONPurpose:To detect any abnormalities ofear,
nose and throat. 3. ANATOMY OF EAR 4. EQUIPMENTS FOR EAR
EXAMINATION 5. HEAD LIGHT Used to get clear vision of the ear canal
orENT procedure. 6. TUNING FORK To determine whether ahearing loss
is conductive orperceptive. Can be Weber test or Rinnetest. 7.
OTOSCOPE To examines the auditory canal and tympanic membrane for
infection or blockage due to the presence of a foreign object or
build up of wax. 8. AURALSPECULUM A cone or funnel shaped
attachment for an otoscope which is inserted into the ear canal to
examine the eardrum. 9. ZOELLNERSUCKER used for suction inmiddle
ear. 10. CROCODILEFORCEP To remove foreign bodyfrom ear, nose,
throat(ENT) procedure. 11. JOBSON-HORNE PROBEused for removal of
wax and cleaning of ears. 12. ANATOMY OF NOSE 13. EQUIPMENTS FOR
NOSE EXAMINATION 14. J - SUCKER Used for removal of crust at nose
or discharge atopening ears. 15. THUDICUM NASAL SPECULUM Used for
visualization of external nose. 16. VIENNA NASALSPECULUMused in:
Anterior nasal packing Septoplasty Removal nasal foreign body and
rhinolith (calculus present in the nasal cavity). 17. RIGID
SCOPEThis exam allows a completeand detailed visualization ofall
nasal mucosa, nasalturbinates, openings into thesinuses, and
nasopharynx. 18. FLEXIBLESCOPE To help examine placesthat are hard
to reach. 19. TILLEY FORCEP To perform anterior nasal packing. To
remove foreign bodies, crusts orpacks from the nose. To pack the
nose with gauze stripsduring nasal surgeries or sinussurgeries. To
remove cartilage and bone piecesduring septoplasty 20. SINUS FORCEP
Used for removing or insertingdressing packs. 21. ANATOMY OF THROAT
22. EQUIPMENTS FOR THROAT EXAMINATION 23. To suppress the tongue to
allow for examination of the mouth and throat 24. LACKS SPATULA
Airway patency can be tested byplacing a cold Lacks
depressorunderneath and asking thepatient to exhale To depress the
tongue 25. Pentorch Glove 26. LARYNGEALMIRRORFor oral examinations.
27. POSTERIORLARYNGEALMIRROR / PNSMIRROR For posterior rhinoscopy
(seeingthe inner parts of the nose like thechoanae) 28. FLEXIBLE
SCOPE To help examine places that are hard to reach. 29. WHAT IS
OTOTOXIC DRUG Medications that can damage the ear, resulting in
hearing loss, ringing in the ear, balance disorders and deaf. 30.
WHAT IS OTOTOXICITY Ototoxicity is damage to the hearing or
balancefunctions of the ear by drugs or chemicals. Ototoxic drugs
may cause lack of hearing, andloss of sense of balance. 31. DRUG
CAN CAUSEOTOTOXITY :1. Antibiotics streptomycin neomycin gentamicin
(Garamycin) erythromycin (E-Mycin, Eryc) kanamycin (Kantrex)
tobramycin (Nebcin) netilmycin (Netromycin) vancomycin (Vancocin)
32. CONT2. Anti-cancer drugs cisplatin (Platinol AQ) bleomycin
(Blenoxane) vincristine (Oncovin) 33. CONT3. Diuretics
acetazolamide (Diamox) furosemide (Lasix) bumetanide (Bumex)
ethacrynic acid (Edecrine) 34. CONT4. CARDIOVASCULAR AGENTS
Captopril Digitalis Guanfacine Metroprolol Minoxidil (also for
alopecia) Quinidine Tocainide 35. ENT MEDICATION 36. OTIC/EAR AGENT
37. OTIC/EAR AGENT ANTIBIOTIC LOCAL ANALGESICS STEROIDS WAX
EMULSIFIERS 38. ANTIBIOTIC Indication :- To reduce the inflammation
& itching associated withear infection. 39. ANTIBIOTIC cont
Example :i) Neomycinii) Ciprofloxacin (Cetraxal)iii) Ofloxacin
(Floxcin Otic)iv) Gentamycinv)Gramicidinvi) Nystatinvii) Framycetin
40. LOCAL ANASTHETICS Inducation-To reduce pain in the ear.
EXAMPLE:i)Benzocaine (Americaine Otic and Otocain) ii)Pramoxine 41.
STEROID Indication :-To treat inflammation of the skin of the ear
canal. Example:i)Hydrocortisoneii)Dexamethasone
(Dexasol)iii)Fluocinolone acetonide (Dermotic Oil Ear Drops). 42.
WAX EMULSIFIER(CERUMENOLYTIC) Indication : Loosen and remove
impacted cerumen(ear wax) EXAMPLE:i)Carbamide peroxide
(Debrox)ii)Triethanolamine polypeptide oleate (Cerumenex) 43.
COMBINATION OF EARDROP Indication :-To treat multiple aspects of
otitis media or otitis externa (anti-inflammatory ,
anti-pruritic,anti-allergic)Example: A) Combination of Antipyrine
and Benzocaine (Brand names: Antiben, Auralgan,Otocalm). 44.
Combination Ear Drops (cont..) B)Antibiotic and Steroid :
Chloroxylenol/hydrocortisone/pramoxine (Brand name: Aero Otic HC,
Cortamox) Chloroxylenol/pramoxine(Brand Name: Pramotic, Uni-Otic)
Hydrocortisone/neomycin/polymyxin B(Brand Names: Cortisporin Otic)
Ciprofloxacin/dexamethosone(Brand Name: Ciprodex). 45. DRUGS FOR
NOSE 46. DRUGS FOR NOSE ANTIHISTAMINES Indication :- To treat
allergic rhinitis Example :i)Cetrizineii) Chlorphinaramine
diphenhydramine ( benadryl) 47. DRUGS FOR NOSE contDECONGESTANTS-
Commonly used for their ability to shrink engorgednasal mucus
membrane & relieve nasal stiffness. Indication :- Acute &
chronic rhinitis , common cold- Sinusitis , fever & other
allergies 48. EXAMPLE OF DECONGESTANTDRUG 1) Nasal prophylaxis :
Budesonide (Pulmicort Tubuhaler, Rhinocort) 2) Treatment of
seasonal & perennial allergic rhinitis : Nasacort
(Trimcinolone) 3) Bronchodilator: Atrovent (Ipratropium) 4) Nasal
congestion and as adjunct for sinusitis : Naphazoline (Privine) 49.
DRUGS FOR THROAT 50. DRUGS FOR THROATANTITUSSIVES Indication :- To
stop cough reflex whe the cough is non productiveor harmful.-
Reduce runny nose & postnasal drip. 51. Example of Drugs1)
Codeine (Opoid Antitussives)2) Dextromethor (Non-opoid
Antitussive)3) Hydrocodone (Hycodan) 52. EAR DROP Also known as
otic drop. It is liquid medicine administered into the ear. Must be
discard after 30 days once open. Do not share ear drop: 1
medication 1 patient. 53. OTIC AGENTS: Antibiotics Antifungals
Anti-inflammatory agents Wax emulsifiers Local analgesics 54.
ANTIFUNGAL ANDANTIBACTERIA Indication: treatment of superficial
infections of the external auditory canal caused by organisms. Side
effects: burning, redness, rash, swelling and other sign of topical
irritation E.g: chloramphenicol & gentamycin 55. ANTIBIOTIC AND
STEROIDCOMBINATION Indication: to reduce the inflammation and
itching associated with ear infection. E.g: pramoxine, benzalkonium
chloride, 56. WAX EMULSIFIER To soften the ear wax / cerumen.
Contraindication:-Otitis external-Dermatitis-Perforated ear drum
E.g: Carbamide peroxide. 57. EQUIPMENT Tray Cotton buds Sterile
galipot Normal saline Ear drop as prescribe Receiver (kidney dish)
MOAR Cotton ball 58. TECHNIQUE> Adult- Pull upward and
backward.> Child- Pull downward and backward.. 59.
IMPLEMENTATION1. Greet and explain clearly about theprocedure to
the client. - Purpose of instillation2. Ask for clients name and
date ofbirth, compare with clients ID tag.3. Check doctors
prescription.- Choose correct ear drop and check withthe
prescription. 60. Cont4. Position the client lie in the bed on
unaffectedear.5. Clean the ear using swab sticks moistened
withnormal saline.6. Check ear drop medication with 8 R. 61. Cont7.
Pull ear upward and backward foradult, downward and backward for
children.8. Hold tip of the bottle 1cm directly abovemeatus.9.
Instill the ear drops. 62. Cont10. Apply tragus pressure
lightly.11. Make sure client still in this position at least
3-5minute.12. Clean the equipment.13. Document administration of
medication.
