1. Energy and its typesBy Nikhil Kulkarni Arjun Shekade Niraj
Raut
2. Energy is defined as the ability to dowork ..Energy can be
store and transportedin variety of waysEnergy is the one of the
basic need ofhuman beingse.g.Chemical, electrical
,mechanical,heatetc
3. In the recent years, Indias energy consumption has been
increasing at one of the fastest rates in the world due to
population growth and economic development. Primary commercial
energy demand grew at the rate of 8% between 1991 and 2011. India
ranks fifth in the world accounting for about 4.5% of the world
commercial energy demand in the year 2011. Despite the overall
increase in energy demand, in India is still very low compared to
other developing countries.
4. Energy in a system may take on various forms.The law
ofconservation of energy states that energy may neither be created
nordestroyed. Therefore the sum of all the energies in the system
is aconstant.The most commonly used example is the pendulum:
5. The means or the origins by which get theenergy are called
as energy resources.
6. Renewable Resources Non-Renewable Resources The resources
that can The resources that can notproduce energy again and produce
energy again andagain in small time span againI.HydroelectricI.
CoalII. SolarII. PetrolIII. Wind III. LPGIV. BiomassV.Biofuels
7. Solar energy is the energy received by the earth from
thesun. This energy is in the form of solar radiation, whichmakes
the production of solar electricity possible.
8. Airflows can be used to run wind turbines.
Modernutility-scale wind turbines range from around 600 kW to 5MW
of rated power, although turbines with rated outputof 1.53 MW have
become the most common forcommercial useThe power available from
the wind is a function of thecube of the wind speed, so as wind
speed increases, poweroutput increases dramatically up to the
maximum outputfor the particular turbine. Areas where winds are
stronger and more constant, suchas offshore and high altitude
sites, are preferred locationsfor wind farms Typical capacity
factors are 20-40%, with values at theupper end of the range in
particularly favorable sites
9. Pawan Urja Prakalp At Satara
10. In the developed world biomass is becoming more important
fordual applications such as heat and power generation.Biomass is a
clean renewable energy resource derived from thewaste of various
human and natural activities.It excludes organic material which has
been transformed bygeological processes into substances such as
coal or petroleum.
11. Energy produced by using the potential of waterresources is
termed Hydro-electric energy.Electricity is generated by running
turbines installed inthe downstream of dams.
12. One major advantage with the use of renewable energy is
that as it is renewableit is therefore sustainable and so will
never run out.Renewable energy facilities generally require less
maintenance than traditionalgenerators. Their fuel being derived
from natural and available resourcesreduces the costs of
operation.Even more importantly, renewable energy produces little
or no waste productssuch as carbon dioxide or other chemical
pollutants, so has minimal impact onthe environment.Renewable
energy projects can also bring economic benefits to many
regionalareas, as most projects are located away from large urban
centres and suburbs ofthe capital cities. These economic benefits
may be from the increased use oflocal services as well as
tourism.
13. One disadvantage with renewable energy is that it is
difficultto generate the quantities of electricity. We need to
reduce the amount of energy we use or simplybuild more energy
facilities. Another disadvantage of renewable energy sources is
thereliability of supply.Renewable energy often relies on the
weather for its source ofpower. Hydro generators need rain to fill
dams to supplyflowing water. Wind turbines need wind to turn the
blades, and solarcollectors need clear skies and sunshine to
collect heat andmake electricity.
14. A non-renewable resource is a natural resource which cannot
bereproduced, grown, generated, or used on a scale whichcan sustain
its consumption rate, once depleted there is no moreavailable for
future needs. There are really only two main categories under which
nonrenewable resources fall, fossil fuels and nuclear energy..
However, within the category of fossil fuels energy is producedby
burning petroleum products such as oil, coal and natural gas.
15. Petroleum products are the number one source of fuel at
themoment and this group includes such products as oil, gasoline,
dieselfuel and propane.Of this group, only oil occurs naturally in
a liquefied form aspropane is a gas and is liquefied during
processing.Further, this group of non renewable resources is held
to beresponsible for the bulk of damage to the ecology but that
onlystands to reason as it is the largest group of fuels used for
energy andin the production of electricity.
16. Although coal is not used in concentrations that it was in
yearspast, it is still the most copious fossil fuel that is
produced withinthe United States. Coal is a combustible sedimentary
rock thattakes literally millions of years to create from decayed
plants. Itis composed primarily of carbon and hydrocarbons and
eventhough there is currently an adequate supply, there is a limit
tothis most abundant of non renewable resources.
17. Most people arent aware of the fact that natural gas is
comprisedlargely of methane that resulted from decaying plants and
animalsmillions of years ago.Over time the earth built up around
this decaying organic matterand trapped the gasses between layers
of earth and rock.An interesting fact here is that some of the
organic material waschanged by heat and pressure into petroleum oil
and coal whilepockets of natural gas remained trapped within the
earths crustwhich is where we find it today.
18. Nuclear power is the use of sustained nuclear fission to
generateheat and electricity. Nuclear power plants provide about 6%
of theworlds energy and 1314% of the worlds electricity, withthe
U.S., France, and Japan together accounting for about 50% ofnuclear
generated electricity.Nuclear power is the fourth-largest sourceof
electricity in India after thermal, hydroelectric and renewable
sources of electricity.
19. Use renewable energy as much as possibleUse public
transportAvoid deforestationControl on population is requiredUse
Biofuels mix fuels for individual