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SummarySummaryPredominant leadership style among all student groups: Transformational with MES also scoring in equivalent ranges on transactional leadership.
The Hogan Empathy Scale demonstrated small to moderate significant statistical correlations with MLQ items.
Junior level students scores demonstrated a small correlation between MLQ & Hogan while Senior level student scores demonstrated a small correlation with both EETS and Hogan Scores.
The RN-BSN students demonstrated a strong direct correlation between EETS score and the MLQ category “idealized influence, attributed” while the MES a group demonstrated several strong correlations with Hogan.
Future ResearchFuture ResearchLarger sample to include student nurses from other universities and colleges.
Exploration of faculty leadership styles and empathy levels.
Exploration of the leadership styles and empathy levels of students in other healthcare and administrative fields.
Development, implementation and evaluation of empathy enhancement teaching strategies.
Exploring the Relationship Between Empathy and Exploring the Relationship Between Empathy and Leadership Styles in Student NursesLeadership Styles in Student Nurses
T. Ray Coe, MSN, RN, CNAA, MHA, FACHE; Mary Gunther, PhD, RN; Linda Mefford, PhD, RN; and Ginger Evans, APN, MS, MSN T. Ray Coe, MSN, RN, CNAA, MHA, FACHE; Mary Gunther, PhD, RN; Linda Mefford, PhD, RN; and Ginger Evans, APN, MS, MSN The University of Tennessee College of Nursing, Knoxville
Theoretical FrameworksTheoretical FrameworksFull-range leadershipEmotional intelligenceMultidimensional empathy
Full-range Leadership TheoryFull-range Leadership Theory(Avoilio & Bass, 1991)(Avoilio & Bass, 1991)
Construct denote three typologies of leadership behavior:- transformational- transactional- passive/avoidant (laissez-faire)
Emotional IntelligenceEmotional Intelligence(Goleman, 1998)(Goleman, 1998)
Managing feelings so that they are expressed appropriately and effectively, enabling people to work together smoothly toward common goals
- necessary for effective leadership- key characteristic – empathy
Multidimensional Aspects of EmpathyMultidimensional Aspects of Empathy(Kunyk & Olson, 2001)(Kunyk & Olson, 2001)
Conceptualizations ComponentsHuman trait CognitiveProfessional state AffectiveCommunication process MoralCaringSpecial relationship
Goals of the StudyGoals of the StudyProvide information regarding leadership styles and empathy levels of current student nurses.
Explore possible correlation between leadership styles and empathy levels.
Potential to identify possible components of a future empathy enhancement program.
Meet the need to educate future leaders as identified within the nursing literature.
Research QuestionsResearch QuestionsIs there a difference in the predominant leadership style in junior level BSN students, senior level BSN students, RN-BSN students, and Master’s entry students?
How are leadership style and empathy levels related in nursing students?
Subjects: Nursing StudentsSubjects: Nursing StudentsUndergraduate juniors 92Undergraduate seniors 86RN to BSN students 12Master’s entry students 15
Voluntary anonymous participationNo incentivesNo perceived risks or adverse effectsBenefit may result from increase self-awareness
InstrumentsInstrumentsHogan Empathy Scale (Empathetic Attitude)
Measures an individual’s perception of the emotional lives of othersProduces a numeric score ranging from 0 – 39 with higher scores
indicating greater levels of empathy
Emotional Empathetic Tendency Scale (Personal Empathy)Measures a caregiver’s inborn characteristicsProduces a numeric empathy score ranging from -132 to +132 with
higher positive scores indicating greater level of trait empathy
Multifactor Leadership Questionnaire (Leadership Style)Measures leadership style behaviorsProduces numeric scores for 9 subscales of 3 leadership styles
Data AnalysisData AnalysisDetermination of predominant leadership style using descriptive statistics for the results of the leadership style inventory (MLQ-5x).
Assess differences in leadership style between groups by performing an independent sample t-test.
Assess the relationship of leadership style and empathy levels by performing Pearson Correlation Coefficients of the results on all 3 instruments for the combined sample and each of the 4 subgroups.
ContactsContactsT. Ray Coe, MSN, RN, CNAA, MHA, FACHE, [email protected] Gunther, PhD, RN, [email protected] Mefford, PhD, RN, [email protected] Evans, APN, MS, MSN, [email protected]
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0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
3
3.5
Transformational Transactional Passive Avoidant
JuniorsSeniors
RNMES
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
EETS Hogan
Juniors
Seniors
RN
MES
Combined
Findings Findings Predominant Leadership StylesPredominant Leadership Styles
Comparison of Empathy Scores by GroupComparison of Empathy Scores by Group
