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Literacy
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“HOW DO I TEACH LEARNERS AT THE PREK-3 LEVELS ?”CREATING A LITERATE ENVIRONMENT FOR EMERGENT & BEGINNING
LEARNERS
GETTING TO KNOW EMERGENT & BEGINNING LEARNERS
BACKGROUND KNOWLEDGEPrior experience
Cultural life style
Home life
Interest
ASSESSMENTSOral development
Concept of Print
Alphabetic Principles
Phonics
Phonemic Awareness
Word Knowledge
Fluency
Vocabulary
LEARNING STYLESVisual
Auditory
Kinesthetic
Tactile
Linguistic
Logical
Interpersonal
Intrapersonal
EMERGENT LITERACY LEARNER STRATEGIES
ORAL DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIESRule of Five- Having students use at least five words when speaking.
Let’s Talk- An area where students use props to talk and play uninterrupted for at least 15 minutes. ( Verbally fluent speaker is paired with a less verbally fluent speaker.
One Looks, One Doesn’t- 2 partners, one look at a picture and describes it while the other one guess the picture.
Poetry- Teaching Modeling, Choral Reading, singing poem, response poem
Story Telling
Dialogic Reading- Students responding to strategic questions while reading a book multiple times.
CONCEPTS ABOUT PRINT STRATEGIESEnvironment Print Reading
Interactive Read A-louds
Shared Reading
Letter Manipulatives
Voice Pointing
Error Detection
Masking or Highlighting Print
Verbal Punctuation – Each punctuation mark in a piece of text is given a sound.Framing Print
LEA (Language Experience Approach)- Student own personal oral stories are dictated into print.
ALPHABETIC PRINCIPLE/PHONEMIC AWARENESS STRATEGIESElkonin Boxes
Rhymes and Alliteration
Children’s Names
Add a Sound/Take a Sound
Blending/Segmenting Sound
Environment Print
Alphabet games
Poetry
Alphabet Books
BEGINNING LITERACY LEARNER STRATEGIES
PHONICS AND DECODING
EXPLICIT PHONIC INSTRUCTION
LETTER SOUND CARDS
PHONICS PICTURES
MUSIC PHONICS
TONGUE TWISTERS
NONSENSE WORDS
• Making words
• Word detector
• Reading phonics stories
• Creating patterns
• Word Study
• Examining Root Words
READING FLUENCY
EXPLICIT INSTRUCTION
SCAFFOLD SILENT READING
• Reader’s Theater
• Radio Reading
• Choral Reading
• Repeated Reading
• Partner Reading
VOCABULARY
ACADEMIC WORD WALL
VOCABULARY GAMES
• Vocabulary graphic organizer
• Seeing, Listening, Discussing, Defining, and Writing
• Peer Teaching
• Sematic Maps
• Word Banks
• Comparison Vocabulary Grids
SELECTING TEXTS
TEXT COMPLEXITY
QUANTITATIVE MEASURES
QUALITATIVE MEASURES• Word Frequency
• Sentence Length
• Text cohesion
• Concept Density
• Background Knowledge
• Levels of Meaning
• Language Conventions & Structure
STRATEGY FOR TEXT COMPLEXITY
CLOSE READING INSTRUCTIONS
SHORT COMPLEX PASSAGES
LIMITED FRONT LOADING
• Repeated Readings
• Text Dependent Questions
• Annotations
SIMILARITIES & DIFFERENCES OF EMERGENT AND BEGINNING LEARNERS
PHONICS
EMERGENT
• Use alphabetic principles
• Picture sort
• Alphabet font sort
• Matching upper case with lower case letters
• Alphabetic games
BEGINNING
• Teach what they are using but
confusing
• Word study- word families,
picture sort, word sort
• Look for word patterns
• Compare and contrast words
PHONEMIC AWARENESS
EMERGENT
• Match with letters/sound
decoding
BEGINNING
• Manipulate sounds orally
VOCABULARY
EMERGENT
• Conversations
• Books
• Compare vocabulary to others
• Picture sorts
BEGINNING• Conversations
• Books
• Direct instructions
• Multiple exposure
• Sight words
• Word walls
• Word mapping
FLUENCY
EMERGENT
• Read a-louds
• Choral reading
BEGINNING
• Read a-louds
• Choral reading
• Reader’s Theater
• Repeated readings
• Explicit instructions
COMPREHENSION
EMERGENT
• Identify characters
• Predicts what happens next
• Able to identify problems
• Able to retell some portion of
a story
BEGINNING
• Able to identify characters,
setting, problem
• Able to retell major points in a
text
• Use prior knowledge and
experiences to make meaning
WRITING
EMERGENT
• Scribbling to represent words
• Use pictures to communicate
ideas
• Understand that writing
communicates ideas
BEGINNING
• Inventive spelling
• Write more than one detail
• Topics are related to personal
experiences
• May be able to spell some high-
frequency words
MOST IMPORTANTLY
ALWAYS PROVIDE FEEDBACK
• Specific
• Clear
• Timely