Effects of Noise on Human Aggression

Introduction:Noise health effects are the health consequences of elevated sound levels. Elevated workplace or other noise can cause hearing impairment, hypertension, ischemic heart disease, annoyance, and sleep disturbance

Noise & Aggression

Noise: Noise pollution is the disturbing or

excessive noise that may harm the activity or balance of human or animal life

The source of most outdoor noise worldwide is mainly caused by machines and transportation systems, motor vehicles, aircraft, and trains.

High noise levels can contribute to cardiovascular effects in humans, a rise in blood pressure, and an increase in stress and vasoconstriction, and an increased incidence of coronary artery disease.

Aggression Aggression can take a variety of forms which

may be expressed physically or communicated verbally or non-verbally: including, dominance aggression, inter-male aggression, species-specific aggression, sex-related aggression, territorial aggression, isolation-induced aggression, irritable aggression, and brain-stimulation-induced aggression.

Aggression differs from what is commonly called assertiveness, although the terms are often used interchangeably among laypeople

Abstract: The article presents an overview of research and

theory on the non auditory effects of noise on human behavior and health.

Laboratory and naturalistic research on the effects of noise on human performance, interpersonal behavior, annoyance, cognitive development, and mental and physical health are reviewed.

includes studies of children as well as adults, and the discussion emphasizes the relevance of this research for predicting the effect of noise in community and industrial settings.

Acknowledgement The Authors are highly obliged to

acknowledge the services of deputy director EPD along with his technical teams for providing the laboratory facilities, technical assistance as at when and where needed.

Their valuable suggestions, in time encouragements, healthy discussions and positive criticism in getting this work completed in utmost ease and perfection is also appreciated

Literature Review Research done by The Holocaust, the

Columbine, In Colorado school on the World Trade Center on September 11, 2001.

Mostly researcher were Greek & Roman’s

Aggressive and violent behavior by one human being toward another is not a new phenomenon. It was prevalent among our hunter/gatherer ancestors 25,000 years ago.

Cont….

The prevalence of aggressive and violent behavior today is sufficient to make it a social problem worthy of attention around the world.

Hypothesis

Noise badly effect and increase the rate of aggression in humans.

Objectives Develop conceptual models of the natural

factors that facilitate noisy miner domination.

Develop recommendations for management responses to noisy miners which identify where action to control noisy miner impacts is necessary, and which approaches are most cost-effective.

Evaluate the rate of aggression which is increasing in society day by day due to noise.

Causes & Effects of noise pollution on Human Aggression

Noise is actually a Latin word which gives the meaning seasickness, More commonly it can be stated as the sensation of annoyance, disgust or discomfort.

In our day to day life noise pollution is increasing rapidly and it becomes to grow as one of the serious threats in some areas.

. Noise pollution becomes a stress full one to so many animals it also creating many problems in prey relation / predator & detection

Cont… The problem of Noise pollution has gained

significant attention from the environmental point. But still this noise pollution has not received the full recognition as one of the major environmental issue.

Noise laws are not created in many courtiers yet. In United States they have federal standards for the things like aircraft noise, highway and aircraft noise, some states & local governments are having the specific statutes for the building codes, road way development programs and urban planning.

Effects of noise on Humans

Hearing loss Cognitive Function Cardio Vascular Problem Psychological Problems Stress Annoyance

Methodology & Instrumentation

Sample:Fatima Jinnah Women University

Rawalpindi Population:10 females from FJWU Instrument:Questionnaire

Is really noise effects human Aggression?

Pie Graph Presents

Sales

1st Qtr

2nd Qtr

3rd Qtr

According to our questionnaire 70% results are on our hypothesis Yes noise badly effects human Aggression.

Findings:

In the workplace, noise pollution is generally a problem once the noise level is greater than 55 dB(A). Selected studies show that approximately 35 to 40% of workers in office settings find noise levels from 55 to 60 dB(A) to be extremely irritating. In fact, the noise standard in Germany for mentally stressful tasks is set at 55 dB(A). However, if the noise is source is continuous, the threshold level for tolerable noise levels amongst office workers actually becomes lower than 55 dB(A).

Results

Questions Yes No Do not know

1 70% 20% 10%

2 60% 20% 20%

3 80% 20% --

4 60% 20% 20%

5 40% 60% --

6 40% 60% --

7 70% 30% --

Conclusion: It could be concluded that Rawalpindi will

become the cities with noise as compared with the cities of Delhi, Kolkata, and Mumbai, etc. It is not only the majority of population that was adversely affected both by auditory effects and psychological/sociological effects.

These results are depicted in Table which is in result Although the values of ambient noise standard may be the desirable noise exposure limit for communities it may be difficult to achieve this level in many areas of Rawalpindi city unless there is some public awareness.

Cont… This study indicates that noise affects

individuals in many ways. It results in improper communication, sleeplessness and reduced efficiency. Though the psycho-somatic effects (annoyance and depression) are also common yet the extreme effects.

for example, deafness and mental breakdown are not ruled out. In a majority of population it is therefore personally requested.

Discussion:

Noise pollution is the disturbing or excessive noise that may harm the activity or balance of human or animal life.

Aggression is overt, often harmful, social interaction with the intention of inflicting damage or other unpleasantness upon another individual.

Cont… Aggression differs from what is commonly called

assertiveness, although the terms are often used interchangeably among laypeople (as in phrases such as "an aggressive salesperson")

And after getting result our hypothesis proved true that aggression mostly caused by noise pollution.

Excess noise can damage hearing sense or cause deafness. Even the verbal communications of our population is also shows that they are agreed with our hypothesis

Recommendations

The Acoustic ABC Principles “Absorb”, “Block”, “Cover” can be applied to reduce noise pollution if not eliminated.

. Plants attenuating sound is now a well established experimental fact Proper tree, shrub, grass combination may attenuate up to 12dB by producing its own sound which will mask the noise through destructive interference.

Cont… Also our industrialist and the noise polluters should

take appropriate measures for reducing the intensity of noise in community life.

It may be stated that some stringent legal provisions are also necessary to control noise pollution. It is high time that plans are taken up and implemented in right earnest to make these cities with tolerable noise level.

These recommendations may be good for reducing noise level in human life and if noise will be reduce the aggressive behavior will also reduce in humans which badly effects them.

Limitations

Limitation from our family that’s why we cannot go outside of the city for our survey

That’s why we selected the people of Rawalpindi (FJWU)

References:

Buss, A. H. (1961). The psychology of aggression. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley.

Bora LN (1997). Noise pollution survey during Diwali In:APCB Newsletter.Pollution Control Board. Assam, 5(2):8

J.M. Field, Effect of personal and situational variables upon noise annoyance in residential areas, Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 93: 2753-2763 (1993)

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