Development Strategies for Dalits.

Presentation by:Achal Gupta(903)Siddhartha Banerjee(962)Sonali Swain(966)Vandana(970)

Who are Dalits?

Term ‘Dalit’ comes from ‘dal’ means ‘broken, ground-down, oppressed or downtrodden

“Some persons are forced to carry on the prescribed callings which are not their choice.”

-B. R. Ambedkar

Forms of exclusion dalits face:

Economic inequality Civic and cultural inequality Political Physical segregation and social

exclusion

According to the Census report 2001

Dalit population in UP is about 3.51 crores that is highest in India.

50% Dalits in UP are below poverty line. Increase in the literacy rate among SCs

from 21.4% in 1981 to 37.4% in 1991. Untouchability can still be seen at the

Midday meals in primary schools, Anganwari Centres, and government hospitals.

DEVELOPMENT STRATEGIES

Recent in news Initiatives taken by Dr. Ambedkar

Simon Commission (1928) First Round Table Conference (1930) Lothian Committee(1932)

Reservation policy

Article 14 - Equality before lawArticle 15 – no discriminationArticle 17- Untouchability punishableArticle 25 – profess any religionArticle 330 and 334

reservation in Lok Sabha and Vidhan SabhaArticle 46 – Promotion of SCs and STs

programs73rd Amendment Act 1992 - reservation

in panchayat

5 year plans

1st – facilitated education allotment of wastelands reservation in government services.

2nd -Continuation of 1st plan 3rd - stressed on technical and vocational

training. 4th -emphasised on education 6th -Issue of funds 7th - lays beneficiary-oriented programmes. 8th –specified needs of these communities.

Other Schemes

Integrated Rural Development Programme

National Rural Employment Programme

Jawahar Rojgar YojnaDr.Ambedkar Foundation

Economic Strategies

Mostly work as landless laborers and do menial jobs like cleaning sewers and garbage disposal.

Need to modernize their traditional skills They have successfully integrated into

urban Indian society, where caste origins are less obvious and less important in public life

They work as daily paid laborers or do small part time jobs

Education

The major strategy is to improve the level of education of Dalits

Various measures as enrolment, scholarships, fellowships, focus on vocational education and training, recruitment of Dalits teachers in every school, removal of discriminatory languages against Dalits in textbooks, and emphasis of Dalit women in health related education.

Political and Social Awareness

Political consciousness and participation in politics by Dalits has traditionally been low

No special programs for the rural poor, such as land reform, poverty alleviation and employment were framed by successive Dalit governments in a few states

Middle class Dalits need to raise issues related to identity

The existing caste-based discrimination must be gradually eliminated by enforcing and implementing legal provisions and encouraging live-together model between Dalits and non-Dalits groups.

Reasons for failure

Politics: Large no. of parties Vote bank Small factions BSP is one party

Leadership: No very influential leader who could bring whole

dalit community under one roof. Focus and prioritization of goals

Discrimination Education Reservation

Analogy with black moment

Thank You