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DATA TYPES In C\C++ , data are mainly divided into three different types. These are: 1. Character type data 2. Integer type data 3. Real data type

Data types

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Page 1: Data types

DATA TYPESIn C\C++ , data are mainly divided

into three different types. These are:1. Character type data

2. Integer type data 3. Real data type

Page 2: Data types

1. Character data type:Characters (letters, digits and punctuation character)

Are represented by the “char” data type. The “short” data type is the same size as “ char” ,usually one byte.

Page 3: Data types

Character data type:

Character data type must be signed and unsigned (either short or long). Both occupying one byte each, but have different ranges. To begin with, it might appear strange as to how a char can have a sign. Consider the statement

Char ch=‘A’Char ty=‘B’Char ze=‘D’ etc.

Page 4: Data types

Character data type:A signed char is same as an ordinary char

and has a range from -128 to +127: where as, unsigned char has a range from 0 to 255. let us now see a program below

#include<conio.h>

#include<stdio.h>

#include<stdlib.h>

Void main()

{

Char ch=291;

Printf(“\n%c”,ch);

Getch();

}

Page 5: Data types

2. Integer data type:Integer data type (whole numbers) are

represented by “int”.Some time, we know in advance that the

value stored in a given integer variable will always be positive when it is being used to only count things.

We can declared it as below.Int a=20;Int b=40;

Int c=30; etc

Page 6: Data types

3: Float data type:Those number which are in decimal fraction

are represented by “float”.We can show float numbers in printf

statement of C\C++ by “%f”.Float number are declared asFloat a=“40.00”

Float b=“23.04”

Float c=“10.3” etc

Page 7: Data types

Float data type:We can write a program as:#include<conio.h>

#include<stdio.h>

#include<stdlib.h>

Void main()

{

Float a=29.1;

Printf(“\n%f”,a);

Getch();

}

Page 8: Data types

Integer data type:We can write a program in C\C++ are as

shown below.#include<conio.h>

#include<stdio.h>

#include<stdlib.h>

Void main()

{

Int a=291;

Printf(“\n%d”,a);

Getch();

}

We can show the integer data type in C|C++ by “%d” in printf statement.

Page 9: Data types

CONSTANTS:Unlike variable, a constant is a fixed value

that does not change during the execution of program. We can say that constant is a values while variable are holders of these values. In C|C++, a constant may be divided into main two types.

1. Numeric constant.2. Non-numeric constant.

Page 10: Data types

NUMERIC CONSTANT:Numbers are referred to as numeric

constants. Numeric constants are used for numeric purposes. It contain:

Numeric digits 0 to 9.Plus(+) or minus(-) signs.Decimal pointsIt is important to that note no commas or

blanks are allowed in numeric constants.

Page 11: Data types

In C|C++, numeric constant can be represented in three ways.

Integer constantFloating constantExponential real constant

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Page 13: Data types

OCTAL INTEGER CONSTANT:In C|C++ , any integer constant with a

leading 0, is interpreted as Octal constant an octal constant is a base 8 numbers system and valid digits in octal system are only 0 through 7. it is important to note that in C|C++ , decimal integer constant cannot start with a leading 0.

Page 14: Data types

HEXADECIMAL INTEGER CONSTANTIn C\C++ any integer constant, which begins

with 0x or 0X, is interpreted as hexadecimal integer constant. An hexadecimal constant is a base -16 number and valid digit in hexadecimal system are 0 through 9,A,B,C,D,E and F.

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FLOATING POINT CONSTANT:The numeric constant, which does not

contain a decimal point is known as floating point constant. Like integer constant, floating points could either be positive or negative.

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NON NUMERIC CONSTANT:Non numeric constant are used for non

numeric purposes. Such as to produce output reports, heading or printing messages etc, non numeric constant are divided into two types.

Character constantString constant

Page 17: Data types

EXPONENTIAL REAL CONSTANT:Floating point constant can also be

represented in the E-notation form, and this type of numeric constant is known as exponential real constant.

Page 18: Data types

CHARACTER CONSTANT:In C\C++, character constant are enclosed

within single quotes. It is important to note that the single quotes are not part of the character constant, but they serve to delimit it.

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STRING CONSTANT:Any character or sequence of character

between double quotes is known as string constant or simply a string.

Page 20: Data types

ZAHID HUSSAINClass no : 322Subject : Data types, ConstantsShift : EveningSubmitted to UMAR ALI SIR