CHAPTER 7: INTRODUCTION TO MALAYSIA NATIONAL

CURRICULUM DEVELOPMENT

Curriculum & Instruction (HED 3052)

Malaysia National Curriculum

KSSR (Standard Curriculum Primary School)KBSM (Integrated Curriculum Secondary

School)

KSSR

Focus

To ensure Malaysia nurtured the spirit of the nation to mastered knowledge, skills, competency & values

Background

The national curriculum should be reviewed to ensure that a holistic curriculum & relevant for make a good person which it can face the challenge of current issue & future

Background

Curriculum Primary School1983 – KBSR (New)1993 – KBSR (Integrated)2003 – KBSR (reviewed)2011 – KSSR (Standard)

Curriculum Transformation

The process of conducting a holistic form of changes to existing school curriculum that involves changes in shape, organization, content, pedagogy, time allocation, assessment methods, materials & curriculum management in school

Education Wish

Terrace curriculum development:National education philosophyNational education policyWawasan 2020Framework of long-term planThe challenges of the 21st centuryThe new model of economyLearning theory4 pillars of education (UNESCO)

Responsible citizen

RighteousUnitedPatrioticFair

Knowledgeable Worker

InnovativeCreativeThirst for knowledgeMaster in skills, information technology &

communication

The Imbalance Students in Terms of Intellect, Physical, Spiritual & Emotion

KnowledgeableCompetentBelieve in GodConfident

Global Player

CompetitivenessDurabilityCommunication skillsIdentity

Curriculum Transformation

KSSR

Organization

Content

Allocation timePedagog

y

Assessment

Curriculum managemen

t

MaterialsShape

The Concept of Transformation Primary School Curriculum

Based on national education philosophy

Based on the principle KBSR:Integrated approachDevelopment of the individual as

comprehensiveOpportunities and the same quality of

education for all studentsLifelong education

Form of Curriculum Transformation

CommunicationPhysical attitude & valuesHumanityCompetencyPhysical & Aesthetic DevelopmentScience & Technology

Curriculum Focus

Pre-school

Phase 1 Primary School (1 – 3)

Phase 2 Primary School (4 – 6)

Standard-Based Curriculum

Curriculum Transformation of Primary Schools enacted standard-based content & learning standards

Content Standard• Specific statement about what students should

know and can do in a period of schooling covers the knowledge, skills & values

Learning Standard• A setting criteria or indicators of quality of

learning & achievement that can be measured for each content standard

Why Standard?

Ensuring all students pass the standard setEstablishment of knowledge, skills, & values

that need to be measured clearlyIdentify strategies for improvement

(assessment for learning)Avoid the students problem from missed any

lessonThe implementation of school-based

assessment

Curriculum Document

Curriculum MaterialCurriculum Standard Document

Curriculum support materialsText book Instruction moduleManual creativity

Pedagogy

Thinking skills in teaching & learningThe application of multiple intelligence

theory in teaching & learningThe use of information & combination

technologyFuture research-based teachingConstructivism learningContextual learningSelf-access learningLearn how to learn

Assessment

Assessment P&P (T&L)Undertaken on an ongoing basis to track the

progress and achievement of pupils in learning

Using a variety of assessment methodsAuthentic & holistic

Conclusion

Improve the quality of primary education to make it move relevant to the challenges of today & the 21st century

Teachers play an important role in seeking an effectiveness P&P; and

Curriculum transformation success requires commitments from all parties, including policy makers, curriculum management, parents & stakeholders

KBSM

National Philosophy Of Education

Education in Malaysia is an on-going effort towards developing the potential of individuals in a holistic and integrated manner, so as to produce individuals who are intellectuality, spiritually, emotionally and physically balanced and harmonies based on a firm belief in an devotion to God.

Continue..

Such an effort is designed to produce Malaysian citizens who are:

Knowledgeable & competentHigh moral standardsResponsibleCapable of achieving a high level of a

personal well being as well as being able to contribute to the harmony and betterment of the family, society and the nation at large

History of KBSM

1. KBSM was introduced in 1980 by the government to build a well established curriculum for all secondary school.

2. It was introduced for language subject in 1988.

3. Later on, it was introduced for all subjects in 1989.

4. KBSM is the continuation of KBSR that is based on 3M (reading, writing and calculating)

The Aim of KBSM

1. Is similar to KBSR that is to expand the individual potential as a whole, balance and integrated and it covers the expert of intellectual, spiritual, emotion and physical to produce a well balance, harmonious and a good moral values individual

2. It is also designed to achieve the aims of the national education philosophy

Objective of KBSM

1. To achieve a life-long education2. To enable students to master interaction

skills in every life situation, to expand the way of thinking and “penaakulan”

3. It stresses on problem solving skills in every expect of life

4. This program is in line with government policies and needs to inaculate solidarity among the Malaysian citizen

Continue..

5. To cater student’s needs in order to face life challenges and able to surpass other individuals

6. To expand ICT skills, creative thinking and also knowledge on time management

Characteristic of KBSM

Focus on life-long education and elements of JERI

To instill positive moral valuesStress on the importance of mastering

Bahasa Malaysia

Structure of KBSM

Focus is given to the integration of curriculum, co-curriculum and school culture

KBSM includes:-a) Communication fields that covers language

subject and mathematicsb) Human development and nature consists of

religion, moral, and social sciencec) Self development that covers art subject,

physical education and curriculum activities

Teacher’s role in implementing KBSM

1. Curriculum interpreter Analyzing philosophy, rationality, objectives

and contents As an effective curriculum organizer,

teacher should appreciate and promote Bahasa Malaysia as national language

2. Curriculum planner

Teachers should have responsibility to provide annual work plan, term work plan, weekly work plan and daily work plan

Teachers should implement every aspect of component in preparing teaching lesson, delivering, ending lesson and planning follow-up activities

Teacher should consider following aspects in preparing teaching lesson:

i. Students background knowledgeii. Students’ current skillsiii. Learning objectivesiv. Combination of different subject skillsv. Teaching and learning sources

Teacher should consider following aspects in delivering curriculum:

i. Lesson content – steps, time allocationii. Skills and strategy in learning – suitable

sources

To end lesson, teacher should have proper plan:

i. Ways to end lesson – wrap-upii. Follow up activitiesiii. Rating the learning objectivesiv. Conclusionv. Modificationvi. Planning evaluation of curriculum

implementation

In preparing follow-up activities, teacher should consider following aspects:

i. Plan activities for recovery and enrichmentii. Gather feedback from students regarding

the learning session before making any changes in following lesson