Engelse -ing vorm

De -ing vorm komt op drie manieren voor:

als werkwoord -en dan noem je het de Continuous,

als zelfstandig naamwoord -dan spreek je van de Gerund,

en tenslotte als bijvoelijk naamwoord -en dat noem je dan de Present Participle.

De Continuous wordt gemaakt met het hulpwerkwoord to be + een werkwoord dat eindigt in -ing.

De Continuous gebruik je altijd als je praat over iets dat op dat moment gebeurt. En dat kan in iedere tijd voorkomen.

[1] Present Continuous What are you doing?

[2] Present Perfect continous I've been walking all day.

[3] Past Continuous I was singing in a band last year.

[4] Past Perfect Continuous They had been flying for five hours, when the storm broke out.

[5] Future Continuous Next week we'll be walking in Madrid.

PRESENT CONTINUOUS

You’ re studying now

The teacher is speaking

The computer is working

You are not eating It’s raining

The sun isn’t shining

My brother isn’t painting the house at the moment, maybe he is studying

My mother is working and my father is reading the newspaper

What is your mother doing right now?

Where are you sitting now?

What is your father doing?

• As you can see all the previous sentences havethe same structure. They all have two verbs: TO BE and a Verb + ING)

• In continuous tenses you always need thesetwo verbs

• And remember you always need to have a subject in English

TO BE

I’m

You are

He is

She is

It is

We are

You are

They are

I’m not

You aren’t

He’s not

She’s not

It’s not

We’re not

You’re not

They’re not

Am I…?

Are you…?

Is she…?

Is he …?

Is it…?

Are we …?

Are you…?

Are they …?

AFFIRMATIVE NEGATIVE INTERROGATIVE

Spelling• Infinitive verb + ING• Most of the verbs

– Work Do Eat Go Catch Look Talk

– Play Study FlyPlaying Studying Flying

• Verbs ending with – E– Live Be Have Change Practice

Escape Hide WriteLiving Being Having Changing Practicing

Escaping Hiding Writing

• Verbs ending with VOWEL + CONSONANT– Sit Run SwimSitting Running Swimming

Working Doing Eating Going Catching Looking Talking

THEY ARE DANCING

THEY ARE TALKINGTHEY ARE DRINKING

HE IS LAUGHING

HE IS SINGING

THEY ARE HAVING FUN

GRAMMATICAL STRUCTURE

WHEN DO WE USE IT?

• Situations taking place in the moment of speaking. ACTIONS IN PROGRESS

– Now, right now, today, at this moment…

• But not when talking about routines orrepeated actions

– Everyday, always, never, sometimes….

What theyusually do?

What are they doingnow?

GerundAls een -ing vorm wordt gebruikt alsof het een zelfstandig naamwoord is, spreek je van een Gerund.

Een Gerund komt op de volgende manieren voor:

[1] als Onderwerp Running is major part of his life!

[2] als Lijdend voorwerp He really likes running, he said.

[3] als Meewerkend voorwerp He gives running all of his time.

[4] na Voorzetsels Then after running he goes swimming as well.

Ga naar de workshop Gerund voor meer details

Present participle

Soms wordt een ing-vorm gebruikt als een bijvoeglijk naamwoord

It was an amazing film.It's a bit worrying when the police stop youWhat an irritating guy.She is a dancing teacher.Racing cars can go as fast as 400kph.He was trapped inside the burning house.Many of his paintings depict the setting sun.