Conditional sentences

First conditional ( Primer tipus)

Aquest tipus d'oracions s'utilitza per expressar alguna cosa que sempre és veritat o molt

probable en el present o futur.

Estructura:If+ Present simple+ Future

Exemples

If you eat too much sugar, you´ll have to visit the dentist.

If you are late again, your boss won´t be happy.

If it rains, we won´t have to water the plants.

We´ll still catch the train if we leave now.

Second conditional

S'utilitza per expressar condicions que són improbables o impossibles en el present o futur.

Estructura:

If+ simple past+ conditional ( would/could/might + infinitive)

Exemples

If I were you, I would change jobs.

If she arrived soon, we could go to the cinema.

If they knew that, they would be very upset.

I would go home if I didn´t have so much to do.

Third conditional

Aquestes oracions expressen condicions irreals en el passat, és a dir, condicions que podrien haver-se donat però no es van donar,

Estructura:

If + frase passat perfecte (had + participi) + frase condicional compost (would/could/might

have +

participle.)

Exemples

If I had known that, I would have told you immediately.

If the weather had been nice, we would have gone for a walk.

I wouldn´t have gone to the theatre if I had known that the play was so boring.

If you had been here earlier, you would have met Maria

Unless, as long as ...Unless significa if not (si no, excepte si). Per

tant pot usar-se en lloc de if, però transformant la frase:

Exemples:

If you´re here on time, we´ll go to the cinema. > Unless you´re here on time, we won´t go to the cinema tomorrow.

If you study enough, you´ll pass this exam. > Unless you study enough, you won´t pass the exam.

Observacions

Altres connectors que poden introducir un condicional són as long as (mentre que...), on condition that (a condició de ...) o suppose/supposing that (suposant que...), etc

Si la frase que comença per If va primer, va seguida d’una coma. Si la frase con If és la segona, no es posa coma.

En context formals should pot sustitueix a if :

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