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M.M.Palitha Mahinda MunasingheDistrict Agricultural Training Centre
Homagama -Sri Lanka
COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY
OBJECTIVES
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Identify the major types
Uses of microcomputer, midrange, and mainframe computer systems
Outline the major technologies
Uses of computer peripherals
OBJECTIVES ….
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Identify the components and functions of a computer system
Identify the computer system Peripheral
Input, Output and Storage devices
Computer Systems
End User and Enterprise Computing2008/04/06 4mmpmm
Types of Computer Systems
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All computers are systems of input, processing, output, storage, and control components
Three basic categoriesMainframeMidrange computersMicrocomputers
Types of Computer Systems …Mainframe
Enterprise systemsSuper serversTransaction processorsSupercomputers
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MidrangeNetwork serversMinicomputersWeb serversMulti-user systems
Types of Computer Systems …
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Types of Computer Systems… Microcomputers
Personal computersNetwork computersTechnical workstationsPDAsInformation appliances
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Microcomputer Systems
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The most important category of computers
• Desktop
• Laptop
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Microcomputer Systems ….
Workstation computers
Microcomputer Systems ….
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Network serversNetwork computers
Designed primarily for use with the Internet and corporate intranets
For specialized or limited computing applications
Network computers (continued)Other benefits
Ease of software distribution and licensing
Computing platform standardizationReduced end user requirementsImproved manageability
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Microcomputer Systems …
Information appliancesPDAsSet-top boxes and video-game
consolesWireless PDAsCellular and PCS phones
Microcomputer Systems…
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Microcomputer Systems …Computer terminals
Dumb terminals
Intelligent terminals
Network terminals
Transaction terminals
Midrange Computer Systems
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Multi-user systems that can manage networks of PCs and terminals
Less costly to buy, operate, and maintain than mainframes
Popular as network servers
Minicomputers
Large, fast, powerful
Handle high transaction processing volumes or complex computational problems
Super servers for large client/server networks and high-volume Internet websites
Popular for data mining and warehousing
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Mainframe Computer Systems
SupercomputersExtremely powerful systems
specifically designed for scientific, engineering, and business applications requiring extremely high speeds for massive numeric computations
Use parallel processing architectures
Process at speeds measured in gigaflops and teraflops
Mainframe Computer Systems …
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Computers are organized according to the following system functions
InputKeyboardsTouch screensPensElectronic miceOptical scannersConvert data into electronic form
The Computer System Concept
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ProcessingCentral Processing Unit (CPU)
Two sub units Arithmetic-Logic Unit (ALU) Control Unit
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The Computer System Concept …
The Computer System Concept …
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OutputVideo display unitsPrintersAudio & Video response unitsConvert electronic information
into human-intelligible form
Storage
Store data and software instructions
May also include cache memoryPrimary storage unit (hard drive)Secondary storage
Magnetic disks Optical disk drives
The Computer System Concept …
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The Computer System Concept…
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Control
The registers and other circuits of the control unit interpret software instructions and transmit directions to the other components of the computer system
The Computer System Concept…
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Computer processing speedsMilliseconds (thousandths of a second)Microseconds (millionths of a second)Nanoseconds (billionths of a second)Picoseconds (trillionths of a second)
The Computer System Concept …
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Clock speedsMegahertz (MHz)
Millions of cycles per second
Gigahertz (GHz)Billions of cycles per second
Generic name given to all input, output, and secondary storage devices
Depend on direct connections or telecommunications links to the CPU
All peripherals are online devices
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Computer Peripherals
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Computer Peripherals
Input Devices