Colourful japanese 2

COLOURFUL JAPANESE 2

Polite, present sentences

6 BasicVerbs

鈴花

Réka Tóth Farkas, 2014

ABOUT THESE SLIDES [READ FIRST]

• Probably the best way to start learning Japanese is to copy and practice example sentences by changing only one word or grammar at a time and understanding what that changes compared to the original sentence. This will not only help you learn the phonetic alphabets (and kanji) used in Japanese, but also help get a ‘feel’ for how sentences are put together. The best way to do this is by hand.

• Each slide has simple example sentences are given in romanji, hiragana / katakanaand kanji (Chinese characters). It is a very good idea to start learning all three characters used in the language as soon as possible as going back and learning again is both tedious and horrendously tiring. Also, it is often much easier to remember the words if you know the kanji!

• Also, Japanese does NOT USE SPACES BETWEEN WORDS in written form. The change between words is also signified by a change in the type of character used (hiragana, katakana, kanji). This is another important reason why you should learn all three types of character as soon as possible in order to use the language properly.

• The parts of the sentences are all colour-coded (and with not correct, but more literaltranslations) to help facilitate easier and faster comprehension from the reader and to help memorization of sentence patterns.

6 BASIC VERBS

• Verbs Japanese is a conjugational language. This means that while there are not so many root words (relatively speaking), there are many conjugations to learn in order to express yourself properly in the language.

• We will be learning 6 basic verbs to go with each conjugation as we go along in these slides. These are the following in their standard, or dictionary forms (never mind the verb classification for now):

• 行くいく iku to go go-dan verb

• 見るみる miru to see ichi-dan verb

• 食べるたべる taberu to eat ichi-dan verb

• 飲むのむ nomu to drink go-dan verb

• 来るくる kuru to come irregular

• するする suru to do irregular

POLITE, PRESENT TENSE VERB CONJUGATION

• ~ます This conjugation is the first type many people learn. It is a present tense, polite verb conjugation that you may use quite frequently. So it is very useful

• to go

行く → 行きますいく → いきますiku → ikimasu

• to see

見る → 見ますみる → みますmiru → mimasu


• to eat

食べる→ 食べます

たべる→ たべます

taberu → tabemasu

• to drink

飲む → 飲みます

のむ → のみます

Nomu → nomimasu


• to come来る→ 来ますくる → きますkuru → kimasu

• to do

する→ しますする → しますSuru → shimasu

NOTES

• Note The last syllable of the verb will change to end with ‘i’ and then continue with ~masu if the verb is a go-dan verb. If the verb is an ichi-ban verb, it will simply drop the ‘ru’ and change this for the ~masu.

• Note There are only two irregular verbs (suru and kuru), so these are simple to remember.

PRACTICE ・練習れんしゅう

RENSHUU

• Now it is your turn to further your own progress.

• The next step is to use the words and sentence patterns to change the sentences we saw before to make new ones.

• Use some of the words in the following, vocabulary slide in order to make things more interesting.

• Make sure that when you make new sentences that you are always thinking of what the new sentence actually means.

• Post your sentences to have them checked by you fellow learners and Learn Japanese admin!

PRACTICE・練習れんしゅう

RENSHUU

私は学校へ行きます。わたしはがっこうへいきます。

watashi wa gakkou e ikimasu.

I go to school.

あなたは学校に来ます。あなたはがっこうにきます。

anata wa gakkou ni kimasu.

You go to school.

猫は魚を食べます。ねこはさかなをたべます。

neko wa sakana wo tebemasu.

(The) cat eats fish.


RENSHUU

今日、犬は水を飲みます。きょう、いぬはみずをのみます。

kyou, inu wa mizu wo nominasu.

Today, (the) dog drinks water.

私は友達とテニスをします。わたしはともだちとテニスをします。

watashi wa tomodaci to tenisu wo shimasu.

I play tennis with a friend(s).

母さんはショッピングに行きます。かあさんはショッピングにいきます。kaasan wa shopping ni ikimasu.

Mum goes shopping.


RENSHUU

お父さんは仕事へ来ますか。おとうさんはしごとへきますか。

otousan wa shigoto e kimasu ka.

Did Father come to work?

先生はごはんを食べますか。せんせいはごはんをたべますか。

sensei wa gohan wo tabemasu ka.

Did Teacher eat (the) meal?

今日、生徒は勉強をしますか。きょう、せいとはべにょうをします。

kyou, seito wa benkyou wo shimasu.

Today, (the) student does study.

Education

Colourful japanese 2