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Daniel C. Mack (speaker), Steve Allerman (speaker)
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Collection Development Policies for the 21st Century Academic Library:
Creating a New Model
Steve Alleman
Head of Collections, University of Missouri-Kansas City
Daniel C. Mack
Interim Director, Collection Management and Special Collections, University of Maryland
DOES EVERY LIBRARY NEED A COLLECTION DEVELOPMENT POLICY?
Guide for Written Collection Policy Statements, 2d ed., ALCTS Collection Management and Development Guides #7 Joanne S. Anderson, ed., (Chicago: ALA Editions, 1996) 36p.
RUSA Standards & Guidelines Committee
Responsible for advising the RUSA Board of Directors on standards and guidelines for the delivery of reference information services and of general library services and materials to adults.
“A guideline serves as an authoritative document offering suggested levels of performance or adequacy. It can outline a recommended course of action. Unlike standards that carry the weight of a rule, guidelines describe measures to help libraries meet the requirements of a standard. The Bylaws of the American Library Association permit only type-of-library divisions to adopt standards. RUSA, as a type-of-activity division, is restricted to writing guidelines. The RUSA Standards and Guidelines Committee coordinates the development of all guidelines written within RUSA.”
Reference and User Services Guidelines by Topic (http://www.ala.org/rusa/resources/guidelines)
Collection Development• Guidelines for Liaison Work in Managing Collections and
Services (2010)• Guidelines for Preparation of a Bibliography (2010)
Electronic Services• Guidelines for the Introduction of Electronic Information
Resources to Users (2006)• Guidelines for Implementing and Maintaining Virtual Reference
Services (2010)
Genealogy, History• Guidelines for a Unit or Course of Instruction in Genealogical
Research at Schools of Library and Information Science (2007)• Guidelines for Developing a Core Genealogy Collection (2007)• Guidelines for Establishing Local History Collections (2012)• Information Literacy Guidelines and Competencies for
Undergraduate History Students (2013)
Information Literacy• Information Literacy Guidelines and Competencies for
Undergraduate History Students (2013)
Interlibrary Loan• Guidelines for Interlibrary Loan Operations Management (2012)• Interlibrary Loan Code for the United States (2008) Interlibrary
Loan Code for the United States Explanatory Supplement• Guidelines for Resource-Sharing Response to Natural and Man-
made Disasters (July 2010)
Reference/Information Services• New Definition of Reference (2008)• Guidelines for Behavioral Performance of Reference and
Information Service Providers (2013)• Guidelines for Business Information Responses (2013)• Guidelines for Cooperative Reference Services (2006)• Guidelines for Implementing and Maintaining Virtual Reference
Services (2010)• Guidelines for Information Services (2000)• Guidelines for Medical, Legal, and Business Responses (2001)• Professional Competencies for Reference and User Services
Librarians (2003)
User Populations• Guidelines for the Development and Promotion of Multilingual
Collections and Services (2007)• Guidelines for Library Services to Older Adults (2008)• Guidelines for Library Services to Spanish-Speaking Library Users
(2007)• Guidelines for Library Services to Teens (2007)
Guideline for writing guidelines:http://www.ala.org/rusa/about/policies/developingguidelines/
4developingguidelines
1.0 Format• 1.1 The format of the guidelines should follow those recommended in the ALA Standards Manual. • 1.2 Number the sections in sequential order, with secondary ideas listed under general statements.• 1.3 Each numbered section may have a header with a statement or paragraph(s) underneath, or may
have a main section header with a numbered statement/paragraph underneath.• 1.4 Avoid detail beyond three numbered divisions (e.g. 1.1.2) to prevent making the document
cumbersome and difficult to follow.
2.0 Content• 2.1 An RUSA guideline should incorporate benchmarks or yardsticks by which a particular library or
information service, resources, or material may be judged.• 2.2 Include in an appendix, procedures that describe methods to achieve a benchmark or guideline
statement. These procedures may also be referred to as separately-published documents.
3.0 Style• 3.1 Use short, declarative sentences. Avoid lengthy descriptive phrases. Avoid passive voice whenever
possible…………
Collection Development Policy OutlineI. Introduction
a. Purpose of the policyb. Audience to whom the policy is directedc. The institution served and its mission statementd. Clientelee. Intellectual freedom and copyright statements
II. Overview of the collectiona. History of the collectionb. Broad subject areas emphasized or deemphasizedc. Locations
III.Organization of the collection management programa. Budget and allocation policyb. Staffing and assigned responsibilitiesc. Preservation and storaged. Replacement and deselectione. Cooperative agreements
IV. Collection development
a. Types of publicationsi. Booksii.Periodicalsiii.Textbooksiv.Microformsv. Audio-visual materialsvi.Electronic formats
b. Local history and special collectionsc. Children’s materialsd. Languagese. Popular vs. scholarly
f. Fiction and non-fictiong. Multiple copiesh. Reference and reservei. Government publicationsj. Access vs. ownershipk. Acquisition procedures affecting
collection policiesi. Standing ordersii. Approval plans and blanket
ordersiii. Gifts and exchanges
V. Detailed analysis of subject collectionsa. Conspectus approachb. Narrative approach – for each subject area:
i. Clienteleii. Scope (language, geography, chronology, etc.)iii.Types of materialiv. Subjects covered and collection levelsv. Responsibility for the subjectvi.Interdisciplinary relationshipsvii.Local or regional resources
V. Detailed analysis of subject collections
a.Conspectus approachb.Narrative approach – for each subject area:
i. Clienteleii.Scope (language, geography, chronology, etc.)iii.Types of materialiv.Subjects covered and collection levelsv.Responsibility for the subjectvi.Interdisciplinary relationshipsvii.Local or regional resources
Is this the right approach for the 21st century academic library?
New areas of policy to consider
• Content• New modes of publishing and delivery• Technical issues• Other issues
There are no neat boundaries between these areas
Changing content issues
• Interdisciplinarity• Internationalization and global issues• Diversity• Big Science • Digital Humanities• Who is responsible for content decisions?
New modes of publishing and delivery
• Demand driven acquisition / patron driven acquisition / user initiated acquisition
• Access vs. ownership • Just in time vs. just in case• Open access• Peer-to-peer publishing• Social media
Technical issues
• Data curation• Data and text mining• Research data• Born digital content• Embargoes and restrictions of access• Platform-agnostic functionality
Other issues
• Space• Assessment• Services• Consortia, partners and collaborative collection
development• Who are the experts?
