Cognitive Processes (1)

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SPECIFIC CAPACITY

DEFINITION COGNITIVE PROCESSES SPECIFIC CAPACITIES THAT

HAVE SIMILAR PROCESSES

EVIDENCE OF THE PROCESS

COGNITIVE / MOTOR PROCESSES

COGNITIVE PROCESS CHARACTERISTICS

IDENTIFY

Capacity to locate in time, in space, or in some physical element, parts characteristics, characters, instructions or other aspects.

Reception of Information Process by which information is carried to the mental structures.

RECOGNIZE

The student identifies when he/she points at something, marks, underlines, highlights expressions, makes a list, records what he/she observes, etc.

Characterization Process by which characteristics and references are shown.

Recognition Process by which the real characteristics of the recognition object are contrasted with the existing characteristics in the mental structures.

DISCRIMINATE

Capacity to find essential differences between two or more elements, processes or phenomenon.


The student discriminates when he/she makes a double entry chart, explains the differences, selects something significant from a group of elements.

Characteristics Identification and contrast

Process by which characteristics of each element are identified and compared with characteristics of another element

Difference demonstration Process by which differences between one element and another are shown

COMPARE

Capacity to compare between two or more elements, objects, processes or phenomenon in order to find similarities or differences.

Reception of Information Process by which information is carried to the mental structures

The student compares when he/she finds common elements or different aspects among the observed phenomena, makes comparative charts, parallels.

Individual Characteristics Identification

Process by which references from each element are identified and shown

Characteristics contrast of two or more study objects

Process by which the characteristics of two or more elements are contrasted

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SPECIFIC CAPACITY

DEFINITION COGNITIVE / MOTOR PROCESSES

COGNITIVE PROCESS CHARACTERISTICS SPECIFIC CAPACITIES THAT HAVE SIMILAR

PROCESSES


SELECT

Capacity that allows to choose elements of a whole according to certain criteria and with a defined purpose.

Determining criteria or specifications Process by which criteria or specifications are established which will serve as reference for selecting

The student selects when separating objects, characteristics; when he records information of his interest; when he makes a choice

Search for information Process by which information in diverse contexts or sources is searched for

Identifying and contrasting criteria or specifications with prototypes

Process by which characteristics of elements are identified and contrasted with the criteria or specifications

Making a choice Process by which an element is chosen

ORGANIZE

Capacity that allows to place in an organized way elements objects, processes, or phenomena having into account certain criteria.


The student organizes when he makes a flowchart, conceptual maps, semantic webs, diagrams, charts; he places each thing in its place.

Identification of the elements to be organized

Process by which the elements and context to be organized are located

Determining criteria in order to organize Process by which organizing criteria is established

Placement of the elements considering the established criteria and order

Process by which the action or placement of the elements according to the established criteria take place

ANALYZE

Capacity that allows to divide the whole into its parts in order to study, explain, or justify something establishing relationship among them.

Reception of Information Process by which information is carries to the mental structures

The student analyzes when he identifies the main facts of a historic event, establishes relationship among them, determines its causes and consequences and explains them in relationship with the whole

Selective observation Process by which the information is selectively observed identifying the main, secondary and complementary information

Dividing all into its parts Procedure by which the information is divided into parts, grouping ideas or elements

Interrelationship of the parts in order to explain or justify

Procedure by which something is explained or justified establishing relationship among its part or elements from the whole

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SPECIFIC CAPACITY



PROCESSES


INFER

Capacity to obtain new information starting with explicit information or from other evidence.

Reception of information Process by which information is carried to the mental structures The student infers when he/she makes deductions, gives meaning to the expressions from context, determines the meaning of slogans, gives meaning to non-verbal resources and to people’s behavior, determines causes and possible consequences.

Identification of premises Process by which information that will be used as a basis of inference is identified.

Contrasting premises with context Process by which premises and assumptions are contrasted with the context.

Formulation of inferences Process by which inferences are obtained from the premises and assumptions.

JUDGE

Capacity to question the state of a phenomenon, the production of an event, thoughts from others, organization ways trying to find their virtues and faults and taking on a position in such respect.


The student makes a judgment when he/she gives a personal opinion, makes comments, proposes arguments in favor or against, expresses points of view.

Formulation of criteria Process by which criteria which will allow to give a judgment is established.

Contrasting criteria with referents Process by which organizing criteria is established

Giving opinion or judgment. Process by which the established criteria is compared with the referent in order to find the merits and drawbacks

APPLY

Capacity that allows to put into practice principles and knowledge in concrete activities.

Reception of Information Process by which information is carried to the mental structures

The student applies when he/she uses, administers or puts into practice certain knowledge, a principle, a formula or a process with the purpose of obtaining a determined effect, result, or performance in someone or something

Identification, principle or concept that will be applied

Process by which the process, principle or concept that are expected to be applied are identified and understood

Sequencing processes and choosing strategies

Procedure by which sequences, order and strategies are established for the procedures to be carried out.

Execution of processes and strategies Procedure by which the processes and established strategies are put into practice.

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SPECIFIC CAPACITY



PROCESSES


FORMULATE

Capacity that allows to establish relationship among elements to present results, new constructions, or to solve problems.

Reception of information Process by which information is carried to the mental structures

PROPOSE

The student formulates when he/she expresses through mathematics symbols the relationship among different magnitudes which will allow him/her to obtain a result.

Identification of elements Process by which the elements that must be related in order to obtain results or generate new constructions are identified.

Interrelationship of the elements Process by which the relationship among the elements are established.

Presentation of the interrelationships Process by which the relationship among elements are put into practice obtaining results or new constructions.

REPRESENT

Capacity that permits to represent objects by means of drawings, sketches, diagrams, etc.

Observation of the object or situation that will represented

Process by which the object or situation that will be represented is observed closely.

DIAGRAM

OUTLINE

DESIGN

MAKE A GRAPHIC

DRAW

The student represents when drawing an object, participates in a play, draws a plan, sketch, or diagram.

Description of the form/situation and location of its elements

Process by which one is aware of the form and the elements that make the object or situation which will be represented.

Generate an order and sequence of the representation

Process by which an order or sequence to make the representation is established.

Representation of the form or external or internal situation

Process by which the form or external and internal situation is represented.

ARGUE

Capacity that allows to support or hold points of view.

Reception of Information Process by which information is carried or recovered from the mental structures.

The student discusses when he/she states with supporting details certain topics or points of view in a presentation, discussion or argument.

Selective observation of the information that will be argued on

Process by which the information that will be used to support the arguments are identified.

Presenting the arguments Procedure by which the written or oral arguments are presented.

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SPECIFIC CAPACITY


COGNITIVE PROCESS CHARACTERISTICS SPECIFIC CAPACITIES THAT

HAVE SIMILAR PROCESSES


ELABORATE

Capacity that allows to execute a process, task or operation.

Reception of information of what to do, why to do so, and how to do so.

Process by which information about what is going to be carried out and how it will be done is received, in some case it is required to incorporate visual images of how it will be done. OPERATE

ELABORATE

EXECUTE

The student elaborates when he/she carries out a procedure to produce a good, a physical movement, a dance step, etc.

Identification and sequencing of the involved procedures

Process by which procedure that will be used are identified and sequenced.

Execution of the procedures controlled by the thought

Process by which the procedures of the execution are put into practice . In a first instance, controlled by the mind, and in a second instance, putting into practice the procedures in an automatic form.

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Education

Cognitive Processes (1)