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this presentation I have made for my students of MS in Library and Information Science at DRTC, Indian Statistical Institute
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Information Organization
Class on
“Classification Practice”
bySudipta Biswas
DRTCIndian Statistical Institute
Bangalore
13/8/2014
What is Classification ?
The action or process of classifying something according to shared qualities or characteristics.
Class
Class is a ranked group
Ranking is “arranging in a definite sequence of groups, formed by the division of the entities of a universe”
Unitary Class: “Class comprising one and only one entity”
Multiple Class: “Class comprising two or more entities”
What is Group ?
Any subaggregate of the entities formed by the division of the entities of a universe is a group.
Unitary Group: Group consisting of one and only one entity.
Multiple Group: Group consisting of two or more entities.
What is Entity?
Any existent, concrete or conceptual – that is, a thing or an idea is an entity.
A boy
A book
Sweetness
A system of philosophy
A subject of study
What is Universe ?
An aggregate under consideration in a given contex.
Aggregate is a collection of entities, without any special arrangement among them.
Finite Universe: A universe with a finite number of entities.
e.g. Student in a classroom
Infinite Universe: A universe with an infinite number of entities.
e.g. Universe of integers
WHY ?(CLassification)
Features of classification
As a Process of Grouping and Division
A Mental Process
An Intrinsic Quality of Human Beings
Not Merely a Groping of Things but also their Arrangement in Group
Arrangement in Logical Order
Classificationist− One who designs a scheme for classification
And provides a set of guiding postulates and principles to fix the position of a newley emarging class by interpolation or extapolation
Classifier− One who classifies a universe in accordance with a
preferred scheme for classification
Knowledge Classification− The process of classifing Universe of Knowledge or Domain
knoeledge
Book/ Library Classification − A library classification is a system of coding and organizing
library materials (books, serials, audiovisual, computer files, maps, photographs, manuscripts,
regalia, gramophone records, tape records, microfilm and so on) according to their subject. It provides formal access to documents in a library.
Scheme− A largescale systematic plan or arrangement for attaining
some particular object or putting a particular idea into effect
Schema− A representation of a plan or theory in the form of an
outline or model
Different Schemes of Classification
Based on the Language
− EnglishSpeaking World− Dewey Decimal Classification (DDC) − Library of Congress Classification (LC) − Bliss Bibliographic Classification (BC), etc
− Non English Speaking World− Nippon Decimal Classification (NDC) − Principes de Classement des Documents Musicaux (PCDM)− Chinese Library Classification (CLC) − Korean Decimal Classification (KDC), etc
Different Schemes of Classification
Based on the Synthesis(Synthesis means combining codes from different lists to represent the different attributes of a work)
− Bibliographic Classification by Bliss
− Colon Classification by Ranganathan
− Expansive Classification by Cutter
− Universal Decimal Classification, etc
Different Schemes of Classification
Based on Arrangement− Enumerative: subject headings are listed alphabetically, with numbers assigned to
each heading in alphabetical order.
− LCC
Hierarchical: subjects are divided hierarchically, from most general to most
specific− DDC
− Faceted or analyticosynthetic: subjects are divided into mutually exclusive orthogonal facet
− CC
Specific Classification Schemes
Specific classification schemes are for particular subject or types of meterials
− British Cataloge of Music Classification
− Dickinson Classification
− NLM Classification for Medicine
Thank You