Chapter 13 power point

© Cengage Learning 2016© Cengage Learning 2016

An Invitation to Health: Building Your Future, Brief Edition, 9eDianne Hales

Consumer Health

13

© Cengage Learning 2016

After reading this chapter, the student should be able to:

• Describe some ways the Affordable Care Act is affecting access to health care

• Identify three elements of personalized health care

• List some steps to becoming a better health-care consumer

Objectives


• Outline your rights as a health-care consumer

• Discuss the pros and cons of elective treatments to enhance health or appearance

• Identify ways to recognize health hoaxes and medical quackery

• Assess the value of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM)

Objectives (cont’d.)


• Review the components of the health-care system, including types of practitioners and health-care facilities

• Explain how a health care plan can affect the health-care services a consumer receives

• List some of the choices college students have for health coverage

Objectives (cont’d.)


• Affordable Care Act (ACA)– Includes ban on insurance companies

terminating coverage for ill patients• Bans denying coverage based on preexisting

condition

– Expansion of federally-funded coverage for low income individuals

• Includes free preventive services

• Health literacy– Ability to understand health information

A New Era in Consumer Health


• Guidelines for evaluating online health information– Check the source

– Check the date the page was created

– Check the references and the author

– Look for possible bias

– Determine where researchers reported findings

• Peer-reviewed professional journals are best

Finding Good Advice Online



• Combining best research evidence with patient’s personal values

• Doctors can develop practice guidelines for evaluating and treating specific illness

• Outcomes research– Examines the impact of a medication on the

patient’s condition, health, and quality of life

Evidence-Based Medicine


• Personalized medicine– Treatments tailored to individual patients

• Important step: mapping family medical history– DNA analysis may be used in the future

• Gender differences– Women use health care more than men

– Men wait longer to seek treatment

Personalizing Your Health Care


• Can provide immediate access to useful information– Cannot replace your physician

• Examples of services of free apps– Provide location of emergency medical

centers

– Pharmacy prescription price comparison

– Symptom evaluation

– Track growth of skin moles by taking pictures with a smart phone

Health-Related Apps


• Self-maintenance– Self-diagnosis and treatment for minor

ailments

– Taking vital signs

– Participating in self-help groups• Online virtual support communities

• Poor oral health– Links to a variety of health problems

Self-Care


• Talking with your health care provider– Ask questions

– Make sure you understand

– Ask about care options

– Find out exactly how to take prescribed medications

• Establish a relationship with a primary care physician

• Screening tests

Becoming a Savvy Health-Care Consumer


• Prescription drugs– Know the name of the drug and what it should

look like

– Inform your doctor if you use herbal supplements

– Avoid using a kitchen spoon to dispense liquid medications

– Do not take medication with grapefruit juice

– Do not take another person’s medication

Preventing Medical Errors


• Right to be treated with respect and dignity

• Right to information– Patient must give consent for hospitalization,

surgery, and other major treatments

• Right to privacy

• Access to medical records

• Right to quality health care– Most malpractice lawsuits based on physician

negligence

Your Medical Rights


• Cosmetic surgery– Botox

– Liposuction

– Breast augmentation

• Body art (tattoos)– Ink can cause adverse reactions

– Increased risk of bacterial or viral infections

– Black henna contains PPD• Banned by law from skin cosmetics

Elective Treatments


• Unproven health products and services– Result in loss of consumer’s money, wasted

time, additional pain, and disappointment

• Consumer should be suspicious of certain advertising terms– Scientific breakthrough, miraculous cure,

ancient remedy, or secret ingredient

• Ask for written explanation and evidence supporting all claims

Health Hoaxes and Medical Quackery


• Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM)– Various medical systems, practices, and

products

– Not part of conventional medicine• Not sufficient proof of safety or effectiveness

• Holistic methods– Focus on the whole person

• Physical, mental, emotional, and spiritual aspects

Nontraditional Health Care




• Combines traditional medicine with alternative therapies– Gaining greater acceptance within the

medical community

• Acupuncture– Ancient Chinese form of medicine

– Involves needles placed into the skin

Integrative Medicine


• Homeopathy principles– Like cures like

– Less is more

– Treatment must always be individualized

• Naturopathy– Natural remedies best treatment for disease

– Example treatments: dietary changes, steam baths, and exercise

Homeopathy and Naturopathy


• Herbal medicine

• Chiropractic medicine– Based on concept that human diseases result

from misalignment of the spine

• Energy therapies– Electromagnetic fields or magnets

– Therapeutic touch

Other Types of CAM


• Some types of health-care practitioners– Physician

– Registered nurse (RN)

– Licensed practical nurse (LPN)

– Clinical psychologist

– Psychiatrist

– Optometrist

– Podiatrist

– Dentist

The Health Care System


• College student choices for health coverage– School’s student health plan

– Parent’s health plan (under age 26)

– Catastrophic health plan (under age 30)

– www.healthcare.gov

• Know your coverage– Prescriptions, doctor visits, and emergency

care

What You Need to Know About the Affordable Care Act

http://www.healthcare.gov/

Education

Chapter 13 power point