Central Medical Gas Distribution System

PRESENTATION BY:• AIMAN NASEEM• HAMZAH MERAJ• SARAH MADIHA

M.ARCH (FIRST SEMSTER)HEALTH CARE ARCHITECTURE

( CONTEMPORARY TECHNOLOGIES )

• Medical Gas Distribution System is a central supplysystem to supply a medical gas (O2, N2O, N2),medical air, and medical vacuum to each ward ofhospital safely and conveniently through a centralsupply piping from medical gas supply sources.

• The system has a thoroughgoing color coordinationaccording to the kind of gas.

• An audio-visual monitoring system capable ofchecking the situation.

WHAT IS CENTRAL MEDICAL GAS DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM?

Presented by : AIMAN NASEEM 1

ADVANTAGES OF CENTRALISED MEDICAL GAS DELIVERY SYSTEM

• No distressing sign of oxygen cylinder at bedside.

• Elimination of noise produced by theirmovement.

• Protection of sterile areas fromcontamination caused by use and movementof cylinder.

• Uninterrupted and clean gas supply at eachwork station.

• Safe And Relief System

• Effective use of space. Additionally it iseconomically advantageous and hygienic.

Presented by : AIMAN NASEEM 2

TYPES OF MEDICAL GASES

• Oxygen- used for respiratory therapy and life-supportand is additionally used in anaesthetic procedures.

• Medical air-This is supplied by a specialized aircompressor to patient care areas. Used extensively inthe ICU, PICU, and NICU areas, to reduce the risk ofexcess oxygen in the lungs, during surgical procedures.

• Surgical air is used, at a higher pressure, to power avariety of surgical tools and other devices.

• Nitrous oxide is used for anaesthetic and analgesicpurposes.

• Helium/oxygen mixture is used to treat patients withrespiratory or airway obstruction.

•Carbon dioxide in used in the medical world to aidlaparoscopic examination. The carbon dioxide inflates thestomach slightly which simplifies internal visibility insidethe abdomen.

• Piped vacuum or Suction is provided by means ofcentrally sited vacuum pumps & supports evacuationprocedures.

Presented by : AIMAN NASEEM 3

Operation Theatre O2, N2O, CA, MA, Vac

Cath Labs O2, CA, Vac

Intensive Care Beds O2, CA, Vac

Recovery Beds O2, CA, Vac

General Beds O2, CA, Vac

The functional areas of the proposed buildingwhere in, the Medical gas shall be required is asfollows:

COLOUR CODINGUSAGE OF MEDICAL GASES

4Presented by : AIMAN NASEEM

MEDICAL GAS PIPELINE SYSTEM

COMPONENTS

1. Medical Oxygen plant.

2. Medical Nitrous oxide plant.

3. Medical compressed air plant.

4. Vacuum plant.

5. Medical gas pipeline.

6. Terminal units.

7. Pressure Regulators.

8. Shutoff valves.

9. Monitoring and alarm system.

Presented by : AIMAN NASEEM 5

3. MONITORING & ALARM SYSTEM

The system always monitors the remainsof medical gas, troubles of machines,and abnormalities in pressure in a lumpto perfectly operate equipment whichdirectly link to life.2 types:• Area alarm : monitor pipeline

pressure within a ward, ot etc. • Master alarm panel : provides

continuous monitoring of medical gas installations across hospitals .

1.MEDICAL GAS PIPELINE

A pipeline system is a system that

includes;

The pipeline network

The control unit and

The piped material should be copper

seamless tubes.

Presented by :AIMAN NASEEM 6

2. SHUT OFF VALVE• Shut off valve system is

used on each floor of the hospital or on the entrance of the gas port of the operation room

• It main has two functions: To reduce gas pressure and to shut off gas pipes.

4. TERMINAL GAS OUTLETS

These terminal gas outlets are colour-coded, labelled with gas nameand have self-sealing sockets.

Gas specificity- The terminal unit shall only accept the probe for the gas for which it is intended.

Presented by :AIMAN NASEEM 7

Medical Hanger

TYPES OF TERMINAL GAS OUTLETS

Hanging From Ceiling Type Outlet

Ceiling column & pendent

Embedded Type Outlet

Wall Mounted Type Outlet

Plug

Bedhead Unit

Presented by :AIMAN NASEEM 8

Outlets can be installed as flush fitting units, surface-fitting units on booms or pendants, suspended on a hose and gang mounted.

Trolley Stand

4. GAS MANIFOLD

Gas manifolds are designed to supply the pipelinesystem with sufficient quantity of gas by cylindersand/or tanks.

The typical manifold for medical gases usuallyconsists of a two-sided cylinder supply withautomatic changeover between the empty and fullside, and an additional third source for emergencysupply.

MANIFOLD ROOM

Consists of a cylinder manifold and a control

panel

Manifold can be of 2 banks of 2 cylinders each or

2 banks of 20 cylinders each.

Control panel: primary and secondary pressure

regulations: warning lamp.

Presented by: AIMAN NASEEM 9

Cylinder ManifoldGas Cylinders

Gas Manifold Plant Room for 100 bedded hospital Presented by :AIMAN NASEEM 10

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“MEDICAL GAS PIPELINE SYSTEM COMPONENTS”

CROSS SECTION-MEDICAL GAS PIPELINE SYSTEM

HAMZAH MERAJ

PIPELINES

PLANTS & MANIFOLD

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CROSS SECTIONAL VIEW OF THE MANIFOLD ROOM

HAMZAH MERAJ

GAS OUTLETS

BED HEADS

PIPELINES

SHUTOFF VALVES

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CROSS SECTIONAL VIEW OF THE OT

HAMZAH MERAJ

MEDICAL GAS ALARM

BED HEADS

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CROSS SECTIONAL VIEW OF THE WARDROOM & NURSING STATION

HAMZAH MERAJ

ON SITE GAS PRODUCTION

• Oxygen is produced onsite, instantaneouslyfrom ambient air freely available.

• The medical oxygen generator come withoxygen purity monitoring device whichensure oxygen produced is within theacceptable purity limits.

WHY CHOOSE ONSITE GAS GENERATORS?

16HAMZAH MERAJ

THE PRESSURE SWING ADSORPTION (PSA) PRINCIPLE

• PSA (pressure swing adsorption) is aneconomical alternative for onsiteproduction of oxygen for medical useand is in use for over 30 years in themedical industry.

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• Ambient air entering the compressors is 78% nitrogen, 21% oxygen, less than 1% argon and other gases.

• As nitrogen is separated, the resulting product gas is up to 95.5% oxygen purity.

HAMZAH MERAJ

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THE PRESSURE SWING ADSORPTION PROCESS

HAMZAH MERAJ

CAPACITY- 900 LITRE FEATURES

1. • Produces oxygen from

compressed air

2. • Microprocessor controlled

3. • Low operating cost

4. • Automatic and unattended

operation

5. • Easy to install and maintain

19HAMZAH MERAJ

CAPACITY- 5500 LITRE FEATURES

1. • Produces oxygen from

compressed air

2. • Microprocessor controlled

3. • Low operating cost

4. • Automatic and unattended

operation

5. • Easy to install and maintain

20HAMZAH MERAJ

21HAMZAH MERAJ

CASE STUDYBHAWGAN MAHVIR HOSPITAL, PITAMPURA DELHI

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6M X 6M

12M X 6M

RAMP LEADINGTO BASEMENT

CASE STUDY-GAS MANIFOLD ROOMBHAWGAN MAHVIR HOSPITAL, PITAMPURA DELHI

HAMZAH MERAJ

CASE STUDY-GAS MANIFOLD ROOMBHAWGAN MAHVIR HOSPITAL, PITAMPURA DELHI

MANIFOLD ROOMGAS GENERATORS

GAS PIPELINES MANIFOLD ROOMHAMZAH MERAJ

HAMZAH MERAJ

CROSS SECTIONAL VIEW LAYOUT

NEGATIVE PRESSURE FACILITY (AIR CLEAN DEVICE)1. In clean areas such as an operating theatre, an air

conditioner using HEPA (high-efficiency particulateair) filters is fully equipped and it is designed that theair should flow from the room of high purity to theroom of low purity.

2. Negative Pressure Facility circulates a part of the airand consequently the Facility also has a function ofan air cleaner.

SARAH MADIAH

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ANAESTHETIC GAS SCAVENGING SYSTEMS

• These systems are used to remove anesthetic gases directlyfrom patient connection of Anesthesia Machine.

• A SCAVENGER SYSTEM is a medical device used in hospitals. Itis used to gather gas after it is exhaled from the patient or leftthe area of the patient.

• In the Operating Room the Anesthetic Gas Scavenging Systemcollects and removes waste gases from the patient breathingcircuit and the patient ventilation circuit.

TYPES

• Scavenging may be active (suction applied) or passive (wastegases proceed passively down corrugated tubing through theroom ventilation exhaust grill of the OR).

SARAH MADIAH

SCAVENGING SYSTEMS

ACTIVE PASSIVE

• Gas collection assembly

• Transfer tubing

• Scavenging interface

• Gas disposal tubing

• Gas disposal assembly.

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COMPONENTS OF THE SCAVENGER SYSTEM:

SARAH MADIAH

**DESIGN CONSIDERATION SOURCESMEDICAL GAS SAFETY- NFPAIS CODE - IS/ISO 9170-1 : 2008

Designated area should have proper ventilation.

Location should be chosen in such a manner so as to

permit access by delivery vehicles and transportation of

cylinders ( e.g. proximity to loading docks, access to

elevators, passage of cylinders through public areas ).

If the gases are planned to be located indoors then care

must be taken to avoid the following areas.

1. Area involved in critical patient care.

2. Locations storing flammables

3. Kitchens

If the facility is planned outdoors, an enclosure

(wall or fencing) must be constructed of non- combustible

materials, as the gases used in medical facilities help in

combustion.

If it is planned indoors, it should be constructed while

using interior finishes of non-combustible or limited

combustible materials so that all walls, floors, ceilings

and doors can withstand a minimum of one hour fire.

Electrical devices must be located at or above

1520mm (5ft) above finished floor to avoid physical

damage.

Racks, chains , or other fastening should be provided

to individually secure all cylinders, whether

connected, unconnected, full , or empty, from falling.

CENTRAL GAS SUPPLY DESIGN CONSIDERATION

SARAH MADIAH

**DESIGN CONSIDERATION SOURCESMEDICAL GAS SAFETY- NFPAIS CODE - IS/ISO 9170-1 : 2008

GAS PIPELINE GUIDELINES

1. Pipelines and electrical services shall eithera) run in separate compartments, orb) be separated by more than 50 mm

2. If pipelines are placed underground, they shall be placed in tunnels or ducts.

3. All pipelines for medical gases shall be routed in such a way that they are not exposed to a temperature less than 50 Cabove the dew point of the gas at pipeline pressure.

Maximum intervals between supports for gas pipes

SARAH MADIAH

THANK YOU