Cell Structure and Function

CELL

ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM• Consist of membrane enclosed tubules• 2 Types of ER:

1. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

2. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

Ribosomes

Function: - lipid synthesis- metabolize carbohydrates- detoxification of drugs and

poisons

Structure: lack of ribosomes and made up of tubular cavities

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

Ribosomes

Structure: a system of membranous tubes and sacs covered by ribosomes

Function: concerned with the transport of proteins which are made by the ribosomes on its surface

Proteins from the RER commonly travel

to the Golgi Apparatus

CELL

Golgi Apparatus• a series of stacked

membranes (cisternae)• Have a trans and cis face• As a processing, packaging,

and transport center of carbohydrates, proteins, and glycoproteins.

Functions of Golgi Apparatus• It receives protein from the ER

and chemically modifies them.(e.g. carbohydrates is added to proteins to form glycoproteins)

Functions of Golgi Apparatus• Proteins are concentrated,

packaged, and sorted before being sent to their cellular or extracellular destinations

• Forms lysosomes

Point of ER for easy comprehension:

1. There are 2 ER in cells – rough and smooth. The Ribosomes are attached at rough ER

2. The function of ribosomes are to synthesize proteins.The rough ER will carry the proteins.

3. The function of smooth ER is to do both synthesize and transporting lipids.

4. Finally. Both proteins and lipids will be send to Golgi Apparatus to be further processed / modified and packaged and send them out of the cell.

FIN