Case Study- Library Study Primary School on Contours

Pinegrove School, Kasauli

contours In cartography, a contour line (often just called a "contour") joins points of equal elevation (height) above a given level, such as mean sea

level. A contour map shows valleys and hills, and the steepness of slopes. The contour interval of a contour map is the difference in elevation between successive contour lines.

PRIMARY SCHOOL A primary school is an institution in

which children receive the first stage of compulsory education known as primary or elementary education.

Child psychology and needs INTRODUCTION

In the classroom, spoken language is the primary medium through which teachers teach and children learn. Language development is accepted as being critical to cognitive development and learning itself is seen by many as a social activity.

CBSE NORMS

› Central Board Of Secondary Education (CBSE) grants affiliation to various category of schools in accordance with its affiliation Bye-laws. The chapter-2 of affiliation Bye-laws, prescribe the following with regard to minimum infrastructure requirement in school.

› The school must have about 2 acres or as otherwise permitted measurement of land and a building constructed on a part of land and proper playground on the remaining land.

› The land should be owned by the schools or the society which is running the school. If the land is taken on lease it should be for a minimum period of 30 yrs.

› The institution should have proper facilities commensurate with its requirement and should provide minimum floor space of 1 sq,mtr per student in the class

Every institute will also provide proper facilities for physically challenged students.

The school should have the needed equipment and faculties for science, home science, technical subjects, vocations subjects etc.

The school should scrupulously observe prescription from the local authority regarding safety, safe drinking water and sanitation.

The school should have at least 1 computer lab with minimum of 10 computers or computer students ratio of 1:20 and internet connection.

The school should have a well equipped and spacious library with minimum of 1500 books and at least 15 magazines. Also, the school should maintain pupil book ratio 1:5

BASIC PHYSICAL FACILITIES IN THE SCHOOL

o Class room should be of adequate size and minimum floor space should at least be 1 sq metre. Per student.o Prescription from the concerned municipal authority regarding drinking water and fire safety precautions should be observed in school. A fresh certificate regarding fulfilment of sanitary conditions and water/fire safety requirements should be obtained and submitted to the board every 5 years.o Adequate facilities should be provided for recreation activities and physical education as well as for conduct of various activities and programmes for the social, cultural, physical and moral development of students and for safeguarding their health.

PHYSICAL FACILITIESo In addition to the basic requirements the institution should have other facilities commensurate with its requirements. It should satisfy the minimum conditions laid down by the Board for school building. Classrooms should be adequate in size. The minimum floor space should be at least 1 sq metre per student.o every institution will provide proper facilities like ramps and toilets for wheel chair users .o The school should have suitable furniture in the classroom and office equipment and furniture commensurate with the strength of students and the staff.o The school should have the needed equipment and facilities for sciences, home science, technical subjects, vocational subjects and various activities under work experience and art education.

o The school should scrupulously observe prescription from the municipal authority regarding drinking water and fire safety precautions in the school. A certification from the municipal/fire authorities regarding sanitary conditions and water/fire safety should be submitted along with the application.o The school should have adequate facilities for providing recreation activities .o Adequate ground to carry out various activities.oA well built library is the most important thing in a school.

INFRASTRUCTURE NORMS

The infrastructure facilities should be as follows:

Class rooms: minimum size should be 8m*6m (approx 500 sq.ft)

Science labs (composite for secondary or/and separate physics, chemistry, biology labs for senior secondary): minimum size should be 9m*6m each approx 600 sq. Ft. And fully equipped.

GUIDELINES FOR TOILETS AND SANITATION SET UP

In context of the schools ecological and safe sanitation in fact ensures that the human excreta and school waste water as resources are recovered , treated where necessary and safely reused.

While planning/designing school toilets the internal rules of the establishment have to be considered:

Build separate toilet rooms for girls and boys.

A closed container for disposal of sanitary napkins to be provided within each cubicle for girls.

Urinals and toilets for boys and toilets for girls to be installed as per norms.

Hand washing facility must respect children height and size.

A toilet cleaning and maintenance service has to be activated within the school.

In Muslim schools separate toilet buildings for girls and boys, sitting and facing direction must respect religious norms.

SANITARY FACILITIES FOR GIRLSSR. NO PROVISION HEAD NUMBER TO BE

PROVIDEDREMARKS

GIRLS TOILET

1. SQUATTING PAN 1UNIT FOR EVERY 40 GIRLS+LADY TEACHER

DAY SCHOOL WITHOUT RESIDENTIALFACILITY

2. FOR CWSN ATLEAST 1 UNIT IN A GIRLS TOILET BLOCK

IF ONLY ONE TOILET NEEDED IT SHOULD BE FOR CWSN

3. WASH TAP 1 TAP IN EACH TOILET

USAGE BY CHILDREN AND ADULTS

4. CLOTHES HANGING HOOK

HOOK IN EACH TOILET

AT DIFF. ACCESSIBLE HEIGHTS

5. NICHE IN WALL 1 IN EACH TOILET FOR SANITARY USE

6. VENTILATION 1 IN EACH 450*450MM

7. DOOR I IN EACH WC 2100MM WITH CHILD LATCHING

GIRLS URINAL

8. GIRLS URINAL 1 URINAL FOR EVERY 20 GIRLS

WITH PARTITIONS

9. SELF CLEANING SYSTEM

1 FLUSHING SYSTEM IN EACH URINAL

TO FLUSH OUT TOXIC SUBSTANCES

10. VENTILATION 1 OPENING IN EACH URINAL

HEIGHT SHOULD ALLOW SUNLIGHT TO REACH

11. SCREEN DOOR

1 DOOR FOR EACH URINAL

1500MM HIGH WITH CHILD ACCESSIBLE LATCHING

BOYS TOILET

12. SQUATTING PAN 1 UNIT FOR EVERY 80 BOYS+ MALE TEACHER

DAY SCHOOL WITHOUT RESIDENTIAL

13. FOR CSWN ATLEAST 1 UNIT IN BOYS TOILET

IF ONLY 1 TOILET IT SHOULD BE FOR CSWN

14. WASH TAPS 1 TAP IN EACH WC LOCATED CONVENIENTLY FOR A CHILD AND ADULT USE

15. CLOTHES HANGING HOOK

2 HOOKS IN EACH WC

HOOKS AT DIFF, CHILD ACCESSIBLE HEIGHTS

16. VENTILATION ARRANGEMENT

1 OPENING IN EACH WC

450*450MM HEIGHT

17. DOOR 1 DOOR IN EACH WC

2100MM HEIGHT

SANITARY FACILITIES FOR BOYS

BOYS URINAL18. BOYS URINAL 1 URINAL FOR

EVERY 20 BOYSWITH PARTITIONS

19. SELF CLEANING SYSTEM

1 FLUSHING SYSTEM EACH

TO FLUSH OUT TOXIC WASTES

20. VENTILATION ARRANGEMENT

1 OPENING EACH

TO ALLOW SUNLIGHT

HAND WASH21. HAND WASH 1 FOR EVERY 20

CHILDRENUSER ACCESSIBLE

22. MDM KITCHEN 1 FOR EVERY 20 CHILDREN

SEGREGATED FROM TOILET FOR HYGIENE

23. SOAP TRAY 1 WITH EVERY 2 TAPS

FEASIBLITY JUSTIFIED

24. MIRROR 1 IN EACH HAND WASH UNIT

25. STORAGE TANK MIN. 500 LITRES UPTO 100 CHILDREN

5 LITRES PER CHILD

Norms for drinking water:DRINKING WATER

1. SAFE DRINKING WATER SOURCE

1 SOURCE INSIDE SCHOOL PREMISES

SAFE DRINKING WATER POINT IS MANDATORY INSIDE SCHOOL PREMISES

2. WATER STORAGE TANK

MIN. 500 LITRE TANK FOR EVERY 100 CHILDREN

TANK CAPACITY ASSUMES BUFFER STORAGE RESERVE IN CASE OF EMERGENCY.

NORMS FOR LIBRARY:LOCATION: The location of the school library is of as much

concern as its size and shape. It should best be located in area of maximum accessibility to students and teachers. The premises chosen to accommodate a library should meet following requirements:

Should be in a quiet area free from excessive noise, disturbance and pollution

Should be away from canteen, common room, play ground and parking area

Should have good ventilation and ample day light Should have sufficient floor area in the reading

room to enable the students to use it comfortably either in groups or individually.

Should have sufficient work space for the staff to receive books on approval and undertake accessioning, classification , cataloguing , minor repair , issue and return and reference service activities .

Should have separate enclosure to be used as committee/conference room by teachers and pupils for participating in joint or group discussion.

Should have sufficient stack area so as to organise the books in open shelves.

Should have a counter/enclosure for keeping personal belongings.

IntroductionPinegrove School sited at an altitude of 5,000 ft. in the Shimla Hills of the Solan Valley, Himachal Pradesh. This is fully residential CBSE-affiliated school with an enrolment of 850 boarders (600 boys and 250 girl students) instructed by 80 highly-qualified teachers.

BACKGROUND

 It is established in 1991, a Co-educational, purely residential, English medium public school affiliated to the Central Board of Secondary Education(CBSE), Delhi.

The class-section average strength is round 25 pupils in junior classes and 30 pupils in senior classes. The teacher-student ratio is a 1:12.

All classrooms are equipped with computers and Televisions which are networked with the computer laboratory to assist teachers in conducting computer-aided-teaching (CAT) lessons.

Location•The Junior Wing of the school is located on the Dharampur-Kasauli State Highway, 3 KM off the main Kalka-Shimla National Highway (NH-22). •The school campus covers an area of 15 acres constituting

a primary wing a secondary wing an auditorium a sufficient play area dormitories.

Climate•The average temperature of this region is 20 degree celsius and varies from •22 to 32 in summers.•0 to 16 in winters.•The wind direction is south-west to north-east in summers because of low pressure created in northern region, whereas in winters this low pressure is created in southern region which accordingly changes the wind direction.•The average rainfall in the region just touches 1020 millimeters per year.• Maximum and minimum relative humidity is 90% in September and 28% in April respectively.

ZoningPinegrove School

Administrative Block•Headmaster's office•Accounts office•Manager's cabin•Reception•Waiting room

Primary Wing•Classes 1 and 2•Art room•Play area

Secondary Wing•Classes 3 to 10•Computer lab.•Basketball courts•Library

Auditorium•Classical music room•Western music room•Recording room•Changing room

Staff room•Individual work stations•Pantry•Staff Toilet•Lobby

Recreational Building (New construction)•Library•Laboratories (chem & bio)•Sewing, Kitchen, Cyber Cafe, etc.

Services•Mess having dispensary•MI Room•Toilets•Water Points•Lift

PINEGROVE SCHOOL

ENTRY

PARKING

ADMINISTRATIVE BLOCK

PRIMARY WING

SECONDARY WING

AUDITORIUM

PLAY GROUND

MI ROOM

STAFF ROOM

RECREATIONAL BUILDING

MESS

Bubble Diagram

Utilization of Spaces

A passage connecting parking to the secondary wing from where the day-boarders enter into the main building.

• The area is kept for parking of visitors and staff. The remaining land is treated as a landscaped area.

There’s a play ground in front of the secondary wing which gives a person a wide view of the foothills.

The space above the auditorium is utilized as a play ground.

PHYSICAL ATTRIBUTESTOTAL AREA- 47753 SQ.MTR

BUILT UP AREA- 10665 SQ.MTRAREA OF PLAYGROUND-9035.53 SQ.MTR

•The class-section average strength is round 25 pupils in junior classes and 30 pupils in senior classes.•The teacher-student ratio is a 1:12.

PLAY AREA

PARKING

MAIN ENTRY

STEEPER SLOPE ENTRY TO RECEPTION

RECEPTION

WOODEN STAIRCASE LEADS TO RECEPTION

LANDSCAPING

COLOUR PERCEPTION•The exterior of building may be of bright colour, to attract more attention of students•Walls of Kindergarten are painted with cartoons, fairy tales as it creates interest in the mind of children.•Other primary classes are painted with dual-colours to avoid boredom, Hence dull colours are not generally provided.

Senior classes are also provided with colors as it create interest and motivation.

Mural in the passage gains attraction and creates interests to the viewer.

Bright roofing is prominent in the hilly areas on contour.

Literature study (color)•Walls of kindergarten are painted with cartoons, fairytales as it creates interest in the mind of children.•Dull colors are not generally provided as they create boredom.• colors improves visual processing, reduces stress, and challenges brain development through visual stimulation/relationships and pattern seeking.•as children mature into adolescence, there is less preference for large areas of primary color, which they tend to associate with immaturity.•the most preferred colors are green (nature, trees, comfort) and light yellow (lively, energetic, happiness, summer). These colors were followed by blue (relaxation, calmness), red (love, romance), purple (relaxation, calmness, laughing), blue-green, red-purple, yellow-red, and purple-blue.

HORIZONTAL CIRCULATION

Not sufficiently wide corridors are provided for circulation.

To avoid uneven wall, a narrow passage is created for circulation.

1m 55cm

Vertical circulation

Many spaces in the school like staircase classrooms and other hobby rooms were beautifully enhanced in order to create interest among the students.

CLIMATEKasauli has a moderate climate. Winter 2 degrees Celsius, with Summer temperatures rarely exceeding 32 degrees Celsius. The general wind direction is south-west to north-east. Total rainfall for the year is 1020 millimetres, with humidity at 90% in September and 28% in April.

GUTTER IS PROVIDED FOR RAIN WATER HARVESTING.

PRE FEBRICATED CEMENT BOARD ROOF IS USED IN ALL THE BLOCKS IN THE ENTIRE SCHOOL.

Advantages :-•These are made of pre painted galvanized iron .•Aesthetically very appealing.•Offer high degree of insulation and comfort.•Protects the interior from rains and hail storms.

CLASSES FOR 1,2,3,4,5

Class 1:AdvantagesThe classes have been provided with audio visual equipment.The classes have a good play of colours.Disadvantages:Natural light is not well utilized

For 24 students

Class 4 th

Storage given under the bench is a good utilization of space.

For 24 students

Library (old library)

Good use of natural lightSpace well utilized for storage

NEW LIBRARY(UNDER CONSTRUCTION)

ART AND CRAFT ROOM

780

1000

700 80

0500

MUSIC ROOMWESTERN

MUSIC ROOMINDIAN

CLASSICAL MUSIC ROOM

SOUND PROOF ROOF

WESTERN

ROOM DIMENSION- 11X6M

FOR 30 STUDENTS WITH ATTACHED MALE AND FEMALE TOILET

MALE AND FEMALE TOILET

ADVANTAGES:Attached to the music room and the adjoining changing room.Urinals provided according to different age groups using it.

DISADVANTAGES:Natural light not well utilized.

MALE TOILET

FEMALE TOILET

PRINCIPAL’S OFFICE

HEADMASTER CAPT. A.J SINGH

TEACHING STAFF ROOM

Computers with overhead cabinets

Toilet attached to the staffroom

Informal seating area Kitchenette for food preparation

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