Building up a middle Bronze Age fortification structure of the Terramara Culture in Montale - OpenArch Conference, Kierikki 2014

Wolfgang F.A. Lobisser

VIAS – Vienna Institute for Archaeological Science

Building up a middle Bronze Age fortification structure of the Terramara Culture in Montale using remakes of middle Bronze Age tools

Invited by: Museo Civico Archeologico Etnologico di ModenaArchaeological Open-Air Park Montale

Vienna Institute for Archaeological Science

Ground plan of the fortified Bronze Age settlement following Prof. A. Cardarelli

Idealised graph of the Montale settlement, following A. Cardarelli

Andrea Cardarelli Ilaria PuliniMuseo Civico Archeologico Etnologico di Modena

Archaeological ParkAnd Open-Air MuseumTerramara Montale

Montale: Inside the houses

Terramara di la Braglia:Bronze Age fortificationWith a gateway

CoppaNevigatain Puglia:Stone foundations of a Bronze Agegatewaywith two towers

Terramaradi Castione MarchesiLog cabin structures in the inner of the rampartExcavation 1877

Ground plan for the new reconstruction model of a Bronze Age gateway in Montale

Draft: A. Cardarelli et al.


Remakes of MiddleBronze Age tools


Evolution of axe blades from Late Neolithic times up to the Early Iron Age


Building materialOak wood

Vienna Institute for Archaeological Science Embarking


Log cabin structures



The individual forms of the trunkswere marked out with compasses

Vienna Institute for Archaeological ScienceThe half round recesses were formed with bronze axes






Recesses on the upper ends of the blades give stability in the knee-shaped handles


Thickened ends on the blade sides of the handles avoid damage of the bindings


Palisades of split oak trunks

Vienna Institute for Archaeological SciencePalisades on both sides of the gate structure


Remakes of Stone Age tools

Could bronze blades have beenused as well as adzes?


Experimental result:Bronze blades of the Terramara Culture can be used as adzes!


The quite big bronze chisels of the Terramara Culture were very usefulto work out slots, mortices and recesses

Vienna Institute for Archaeological ScienceConstruction of a double leaf gate


Bringing the heavy door leaves in position

The new Middle Bronze Age gateway model of MontaleVienna Institute for Archaeological Science

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Building up a middle Bronze Age fortification structure of the Terramara Culture in Montale - OpenArch Conference, Kierikki 2014