WALRUSOdobenus rosmarus

Conrad Gessner's Walrus. 1558. Historia Animalium.

Hi, I’m WalrusLOLOLOLOL

Scientific ClassificationKingdom:AnimaliaPhylum:Chordata

Clade:Synapsida

Class:Mammalia

Order:CarnivoraSuborder:Caniformia

Clade:Pinnipedia

Family:Odobenidae

Genus:Odobenus (Brisson, 1762)

Binomial name:Odobenus rosmarus

(Linnaeus, 1758)

Subspecies:

Atlantic walrus (Atlantic Ocean)O. rosmarus rosmarus

Pacific walrus (Pacific Ocean)O. rosmarus divergens

Laptev walrus (Laptev Ocean)O. rosmarus laptevi

Pinnipedia

Scientific ClassificationKingdom:AnimaliaPhylum:Chordata

Clade:Synapsida

Class:Mammalia

Order:CarnivoraSuborder:Caniformia

Clade:Pinnipedia

Family:Odobenidae

Genus:Odobenus (Brisson, 1762)

Binomial name:Odobenus rosmarus

(Linnaeus, 1758)

Subspecies:

Atlantic walrus (Atlantic Ocean)O. rosmarus rosmarus

Pacific walrus (Pacific Ocean)O. rosmarus divergens

Laptev walrus (Laptev Ocean)O. rosmarus laptevi

Type:MammalDiet:CarnivoreAverage life span in the wild:Up to 40 yearsSize:7.25 to 11.5 ft (2.2 to 3.5 m)Weight:Up to 1.5 tons (1400 kg)Distribution:Arctic Region

Did you know?The largest male walrus in history lenght 4.9 m & weight 2268 kg.

Introduction

Appearance:Cinnamon brown | Broad headSmall eyes | Small muzzle | FatWhiskers | Tusks | Flippers

Flippers:5 digitsAid in movement on land

Tusks:Male: 3 ft. (abt 0.9 m)Female: 2.5 ft. (abt 0.7 m)Defence | Cut through ice | Get out of water

Did you know?The walrus' scientific name, Odobenus rosmarus is Latin for "tooth-walking sea-horse".

Introduction

Worldwide walrus population: about 250,000

Atlantic walrus: roughly 22,500(6,000 in Norway & Russia | 12,000 in Canada | 4,500 in Greenland)

Pacific walrus: more than 200,000 (Eastern Russia | United States)

Laptev walrus: 5,000 ~ 10,000 (Laptev Sea | Kara Sea | East Siberia Sea)

Did you know?The Pacific walrus population was severely reduced by hunting in the past, but their numbers have rebounded after these severe reductions.

Population

Live in frigid waters near the Arctic Circle● Areas with shallow water (ease of accessing food)● Climb up on ice or beaches to sleep or to rest ● They don't move quickly on land but are swift in the water.

Live in large herd ● Can be more than 1,000 of them● Security from predators● Sunbathing● Segregated by gender● Parasites/virus it can result in high numbers of them

being wiped out.

Did you know?Walruses are very fat, but for good reason. Their blubber keeps them warm in frigid waters. These animals can also slow their heart rates, which allows them to live in freezing temperatures.

Habitats

Diet● Shrimp● Crabs● Tube worms● Soft corals● Tunicates● Sea cucumbers● Various mollusk● Parts of other pinnipeds

Natural predators ● Killer whales (the orca)● Polar bears

Did you know?They has a diverse and opportunistic diet, feeding on more than 60 genera of marine organisms!

Habitats

Late summer & fall● May cover up to 1,800 miles.● Follow the ice pack for their migration path. (exp:

migrate from Bering Sea into the Chukchi Sea through the relatively narrow Bering Strait.)

● Swim to get where they are going .● Riding on pieces of ice in the water.

During the summer months they are often found around ● Bering Strait, in the Chuckchi Sea

(branches off of the Arctic Ocean)● Wrangle Island (along the Northern coast of Siberia)● Northern shore of Alaska in the Beaufort Sea

Did you know?Females and young offspring are likely to migrate a further distance than males.

Migration

Conservation status

In the 1950s, the population of walruses was almost eliminated due to commercial hunting, but the population was brought back to a thriving number in the 1980s.

Did you know?The IUCN did not have a category or criteria on the conservation status of the walrus until few years ago because the animal's population was unknown.

Commercial hunting:In the 18~19th centuries, the walrus was heavily exploited by American and European sealers and whalers, leading to the near extirpation of the Atlantic population.(Meat: nutrition source | Flippers & Tongues: delicacy | Tusks & Bones: tools & materials for handicraft | Oil: warmth & light | Skins: rope, house & boat coverings | Intestines & Gut linings: waterproof parkas)

Global warming:Harder for them to find food. Layers of ice that they are able torest on get thinner, when a heavy walrus gets on, the ice breaks.

Living area taken over:Humans continue to take over some of the areas where the walrus lives.

Did you know?Even having noisy machines or airplanes flying over them can create stress and problems for them.

Cause & Threats to Extinction

Mating season:December ~ March

Gestation:15~16 months

Offspring:Generally one caft

Did you know?Though it’s very rare walruses will give birth to twins, twins have been recorded.

Reproductive Statussay Hi,

kid.

Hi.

The mating season for walruses are short, they have long gestation period and only give birth to one caft at once.

Moreover, overhunting in the past had reduced the population of the walruses by a huge number, if they are not conserved, they might be extinct from the world soon.

This might affect on the number of their predators too, which are the killer whales (orcas) and polar bears, due to the reduces of their prey.

The marines organism which have been the food of the walruses might increase by a huge number.

Impact on Environment

Conservation EffortsCommercial walrus harvesting is now outlawed throughout its range, although Chukchi, Yupik and Inuit peoples continue to kill small numbers towards the end of each summer.

Native people of the Arctic hunt walruses for hides, food, ivory and bones, according to the IUCN. These natives are now the only people who are allowed to legally hunt walruses.

The Pacific walrus population was severely reduced by hunting during the 1950’s, but their numbers have rebounded again after these severe reductions in 1980’s.

Conservation Efforts

CONCLUSION

Thank You!Bad habit. Please do not attempt.

References● Walrus. (n.d.). Retrieved October 21, 2016, from https://local-brookings.k12.sd.us/krscience/zoology/webpage

projects/sp11webprojects/walrus/walrus.htm ● Walrus | Basic Facts About Walruses | Defenders of Wildlife. (n.d.). Retrieved October 21, 2016, from

http://www.defenders.org/walrus/basic-facts ● Walrus Facts - Live Science. (n.d.). Retrieved October 21, 2016, from

http://www.livescience.com/27442-walrus-facts.html ● Walrus Habitat - Walrus Facts and Information. (n.d.). Retrieved October 21, 2016, from

http://www.walrus-world.com/walrus-habitat/ ● Walrus Habitat and Distribution - Animal Facts and Information. (n.d.). Retrieved October 21, 2016, from

http://www.bioexpedition.com/walrus-habitat-and-distribution/ ● Distribution and Habitat - NAMMCO. (n.d.). Retrieved October 21, 2016, from

http://www.nammco.no/marine-mammals/seals-and-walrus-pinnipeds/atlantic-walrus/general-characteristics/distribution-and-habitat/

● Seal Conservation Society, Walrus - Pinnipeds. (n.d.). Retrieved October 21, 2016, from http://www.pinnipeds.org/seal-information/species-information-pages/walrus

● Biodiversity Heritage Library: The Walrus as you Never ... (n.d.). Retrieved October 21, 2016, from http://blog.biodiversitylibrary.org/2014/07/the-walrus-as-you-never-knew-him.html