Basics of copyright and open content for educators

Tarmo ToikkanenCreative Commons Finland2013-08-28

Contents

1.Short history of copyright

2.Present day

2.1.What is protected by copyright?

2.2.What does copyright protection mean?

2.3.What rights do others have for protected works?

3.Future

3.1.Remixing

3.2.Open licenses, Creative Commons

Imag

e: S

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Jur

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on, C

C BY

www.opettajantekijänoikeus.fi/kopiokissa/osa4

Bookshopswere an importantpart of the marketsin ancient Rome.The number ofcopies was also

reremarkable.

China hasthe longesthistory in

book printing. Bookswere copied even

before the year 2year 220.

Copycat part 4: History of Copyright

The term of protection for Austen’s works has expired. You can do nearly whatever

you want with them!

Could I instead rewrite today’s news item into a crime novel and

post it on my blog?

Today we’ll practice writing techniques by creating

variations of Jane Austen’s ‘Pride and Prejudice’.

70 years of protection still seems pretty long...

Copying and preserving of text was a respected profession in buddhist India.

But in ancient Rome, slave factories could make thousands of copies in a day.

Poets of the time were naturally not pleased.

Monks in monasteries copied books by hand. Copyright was not needed since not that many copies were being made.

But book making did not change overnight. The traditional way of writing books by hand

lasted for over a century.

Gutenberg’s printing press made book printing fast in the 15th century Europe.

Actually, no it wasn’t.

I know! Copyright was created because of

Gutenberg’s printing press!

Tove Jansson’s family is doing very

well by selling rights to her works.

What good are those

rights when you’re dead?

Term of protection?

Well,do we have Austen’s

permission then?

70 years afterthe author’s death.

Hey!That’s my

poem!

543 pagesto go...

Iperformed

it yesterdayat Obelix’s

party...

NO! You can’t adapt others’ works without

permission!

Authors: Tarm

o Toikkanen and Sanna Vilm

usenaho

What is protected by copyright?

WorksAnything that is original enough so that no-one else could create the same independently.

Photographs

Video and audio recordings

TV and radio broadcasts

Performances Related rights

This lecture: a literary work

Example

Me reading this aloud:

performance Audio recording of my

performance

image: Tom Bell, CC BY-SA

What does copyright protection mean?

Reproduction

The author has exclusive rights to the protected work.

Dissemination

Publication

Moral rights

Performing publicly

This lecture: a literary work

Example

Me reading this aloud:

performance Audio recording of my

performance

Reproduction: as an audio recording

Dissemination: slideshare

Publication: online

Moral rights

Performing publicly

Varies by country

What rights do others have for protected works?

Ideas

Reselling

Private use

Fair use

Citation

Educational non-commercial fair use

Parody and satire

Needs of impaired people Cultural institutions

“A remix is a song that has been edited to sound different from the original version.A remix may also refer to a non-linear re-interpretation of a given work or media other than audio..” --Wikipedia

COPYRIGHT (CITATION)

Mikael Agricola

1510-1557

PUBLIC DOMAINsource: commons.wikimedia.org

Benjamin Franklin

1706-1790“... even short Hints and imperfect Experiments in any new Branch of Science, being communicated, have oftentimes a good Effect, in exciting the attention of the Ingenious to the

Subject, and so becoming the Occasion of more exact disquisitions ... and more

compleat Discoveries ...” PUBLIC DOMAIN

Imag

e: s

ymm

etry

_mind

, CC

BY-S

A

Trading exclusive rights for more visibility

>350 000musical works

>200 000 000photos

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Collaborating across organizational boundaries

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Open educational resources

>5 000courses >50 000

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BY: Attribution

Give credit to the author.

Mention the CC license that has been used.

If you adapt a work, mention the original author and yourself, and clarify what each has made. Link to the original work if possible.

ND: NoDerivatives

Forbids adaptations and modifications.

The work can be distributed only in its original form.

SA: ShareAlike

Affects only adaptations.

The published adaptation must be licensed with the same license.

Ensures that freedom is retained in future derivative versions.

NC: NonCommercial

Limits the rights given in the CC license to affect only non-commercial activities.

Slightly problematic, since defining what is commercial is sometimes difficult.

CC licenses

Basics of copyright and open content for educators

Tarmo ToikkanenCreative Commons Finland2013-08-28