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You don’t take a picture… You make it {or how to take better pictures}

Basic Photography

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Companion presentation to the basic "Painting with Light" camera class

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Page 1: Basic Photography

You don’t take a picture…You make it

{or how to take better pictures}

Page 2: Basic Photography

You don’t take a picture…You make it

What you need to take this course

A Digital CameraThe Manual – Tip#1 Know your cameraA USB thumb drive (for the projects)

Page 3: Basic Photography

You don’t take a picture…You make it

About this ClassClass is 4 meetings 2 hours each1st hour a review of last weeks projects2nd hour new materialClass 1 – Introduction to the Digital WorldClass 2 – Exposure, Light and FlashClass 3 – Composition and ArtClass 4 – Review and Intro to Photo Editing

Software

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You don’t take a picture…You make it

DSLR and PnS

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You don’t take a picture…You make it

Each has strengths and weaknesses

Know the limitationsWork within those limits

Trying to force the camera outside it’s limits usually results in poor images.

Causing photographer FRUSTRATION

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You don’t take a picture…You make it

Which one is from a dSLR and which is from a PnS camera?

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You don’t take a picture…You make it

The one on the left is from a PnS (Nikon p5100)

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You don’t take a picture…You make it

For now,,,,stay within yourcamera’s limits.

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You don’t take a picture…You make it

Megapixels how many dotsPixel - picture element

Smallest element that carries color information

3008

2000

6 megapixels

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You don’t take a picture…You make it

Megapixels Screen (72dpi) Print (300dpi) X by Y

0.5 3x5 NR 600x8002 8x10 3x5 1200x16004 11x14 5x7 1700x23006 16x20 8x10 2000x3000

10 25x40 13x17 2592x3888

Useful Image Size Chart

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You don’t take a picture…You make it

Digital ZoomBlows up a portion

of the image at the expense of quality

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You don’t take a picture…You make it

Optical ZoomThe lens ability to

enlarge the subject and maintain image quality

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You don’t take a picture…You make it

Optical Zoom

Just like taking a few steps toward the subject. Image size will not change.

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You don’t take a picture…You make it

Page 15: Basic Photography

You don’t take a picture…You make it

Exposure recording the light

CombiningSensitivityDurationIntensity

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You don’t take a picture…You make it

Choose a bright sunny daySeal the room from light with black plastic

then cut a dime sized hole

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You don’t take a picture…You make it

How to hold the Camera

Reduce SHAKEHold close to your

body.Elbows in…Don’t hold your breathUse a brace, any braceLow light…use a

support.

Page 18: Basic Photography

You don’t take a picture…You make it

Support Yourself

Tip - Make use of anything that will help you be steady

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You don’t take a picture…You make it

Portrait & LandscapeYour camera works just fine when tilted 90°Turn your camera to properly frame the

subject.

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You don’t take a picture…You make it

Make the frame work for you!

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You don’t take a picture…You make it

First Class Project

Photo a DayBring any camera with you.

Create a photo which uses any of the concepts presented in class

Bring your best with you to class.

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You don’t take a picture…You make it

Day 2 Day 1 Day 3

Daily Photo Challenge - ExampleDay 4

Day 5 Day 6

Day 7

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You don’t take a picture…You make it

Automatic Modes

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You don’t take a picture…You make it

Help with Specific Situations

Reduced LightIndoor Outdoor Landscape

PortraitSportsMacro – Close UpChild and PetFireworks

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You don’t take a picture…You make it

Portrait Mode

Smart cameras use facial recognition to set focus

Reduce flash powerHigher shutter speeds

to reduce shake

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You don’t take a picture…You make it

Landscape Mode

Higher apertureFlash offHigher saturation

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You don’t take a picture…You make it

Sports Mode

Fast shutter speedsReduce motion blur

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You don’t take a picture…You make it

Macro Mode

Repositions lens elements for ultra close ups.

High aperture for maximum DOF

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You don’t take a picture…You make it

Let the camera help, Choose the right mode

for the subject

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You don’t take a picture…You make it

Let’s Talk Light!

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You don’t take a picture…You make it

Light has it’s own Color

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You don’t take a picture…You make it

Color Correction

Internal white balanceColor correction cardBest guess – manual white balance settings

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You don’t take a picture…You make it

Tint Neutral

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You don’t take a picture…You make it

Page 35: Basic Photography

You don’t take a picture…You make it

Know the

light

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You don’t take a picture…You make it

Different Light…. Different Results

Bright Sunlight can make photos look flat and washed out with harsh shadows.

Evening Light creates highly saturated warm colors.

Indoor Lighting can cause color casts.

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You don’t take a picture…You make it

Different Settings, Different Results

Daylight SettingFull SunShadeCloudy

Incandescent SettingFlorescent Setting

Daylight Balanced FlorescentAutomatic

Page 38: Basic Photography

You don’t take a picture…You make it

{or how to take better pictures}

Page 39: Basic Photography

You don’t take a picture…You make it

The Mechanics behind the Camera

The handout goes into nerd like detailIn class we will just touch the surface

Page 40: Basic Photography

You don’t take a picture…You make it

The Exposure Triangle

ApertureShutter SpeedISO sensitivity

Page 41: Basic Photography

You don’t take a picture…You make it

Zone 9 lightest

Zone One 1 darkest

Zone 4 mid gray

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You don’t take a picture…You make it

Shutter Speed 1/500 1/250 1/125 1/60 1/30

F/stop f/2.8 f/4 f/5.6 f/8 f/11

at f/5.6

at 1/125 sec.

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You don’t take a picture…You make it

Shutter Speed

Long 1/20th secShort 1/500th sec

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You don’t take a picture…You make it

Aperture

Mechanical opening that regulates how much light enters the camera through the lens.

Page 45: Basic Photography

You don’t take a picture…You make it

ApertureThe physical opening

of the camera lensCalled F-StopHigher the “F”

number the smaller the opening

F/22 smallF/1.2 big

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You don’t take a picture…You make it

Depth of Field

ShallowDOF

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You don’t take a picture…You make it

Depth of Field

Long DOF

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You don’t take a picture…You make it

Depth of Field

MACRO Very Short DOF

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You don’t take a picture…You make it

Increasing the Sensitivity

ISO more sensitivity at the expense of “noise”

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ISO

ISO 2500ISO 200

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Digital Noise

Page 52: Basic Photography

You don’t take a picture…You make it

Changing any setting impacts the exposure

value (or EV)=Shutter Speed+Aperture+ISOEV

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You don’t take a picture…You make it

When there’s not enough light…

What can we do when there just isn’t enough light other than buy expensive equipment

Add light- Flash, lamps & reflectorsMove to a brighter spotTip – Make the light work for you

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You don’t take a picture…You make it

The miss-understood On Camera Flash

Often used as a primary light source…WHAT?

RED-EYEHARD SHADOWSFLAT IMAGESWASHES OUT

COLORSUSED as a FILL

LIGHT

Page 55: Basic Photography

You don’t take a picture…You make it

The On Camera Flash

Can work well as a fill light with other light to reduce shadows.

Page 56: Basic Photography

You don’t take a picture…You make it

Second Class Project

Take a walk with your camera and take at least 50 photos.

Remember you still have to take a photo a day!

Page 57: Basic Photography

You don’t take a picture…You make it

{or how to take better pictures}

Page 58: Basic Photography

You don’t take a picture…You make it

Know your camera! Use the manual.Keep notes to look up later.

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You don’t take a picture…You make it

Learn the basicsAbout, light, shutter speed & aperture

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You don’t take a picture…You make it

Photography is Art

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You don’t take a picture…You make it

Photography is Art

Therefore many of the basic concepts of art and graphic design apply.

Most strong images use many of these “rules”along with placing a subject in context with the environment or PURPOSLY removing the subject from the surroundings.

Photos can tell a story without any words known as a Photo Essay( photo album?)

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You don’t take a picture…You make it

Out of Context

Removing what isn’t needed.

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InContext

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You don’t take a picture…You make it

Rule of 3rds

Offset the subject away from the center of the frame

Using 3rd lines.Most dynamic points are

at the intersectionsSquare frames become an

exception

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You don’t take a picture…You make it

Rule of 3rds

Page 66: Basic Photography

You don’t take a picture…You make it

Rule of 3rds

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You don’t take a picture…You make it

Applied Rule of 3rds!

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You don’t take a picture…You make it

Beyond the Rule of Thirds

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You don’t take a picture…You make it

The Rule of Three

Or the rule of odd numbers States that odd numbers are more interesting

than even quantitiesMostly for PortraitsCan be used with any clearly defined subjectsSubjects should relate to each other

PeopleSame Type of Animal or object

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You don’t take a picture…You make it

Perspective

Change your point of view to make your subject stand out.

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Page 73: Basic Photography

You don’t take a picture…You make it

Contrasts

ContrastingShapesSizesColorLight to Dark

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You don’t take a picture…You make it

Negative Space

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You don’t take a picture…You make it

Repetition

Similar shapes and lines help to tie a composition together

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You don’t take a picture…You make it

Repetition of Shapes

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You don’t take a picture…You make it

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You don’t take a picture…You make it

Leading Lines

Look for the leading lines that lead your eye through the picture. Converging lines create depth.

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You don’t take a picture…You make it

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You don’t take a picture…You make it

Copy those who are successful

Eventually you will create your own styleafter all you’ll learn more from the successful than from the mediocre!

Page 83: Basic Photography

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The Masters

From this image we learn about leading lines

Henri Cartier-Bresson

Page 84: Basic Photography

You don’t take a picture…You make it

The MastersA master ofcapturing personalitywarts and all

Page 85: Basic Photography

You don’t take a picture…You make it

The Masters

From this work we learn about shape and form

Page 86: Basic Photography

You don’t take a picture…You make it

The Masters

Elliot Erwitt

Here we see repetition

Page 87: Basic Photography

You don’t take a picture…You make it

The MastersWilliam Christenberry

Develop a theme or body of work

Page 88: Basic Photography

You don’t take a picture…You make it

The Masters

Jan Groover

This image shows us contrasts

Page 89: Basic Photography

You don’t take a picture…You make it

The MastersPhilippe Halsman

Learn to think out of the box, be creative!

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You don’t take a picture…You make it

The Masters

Clyde Butcherfrom Clyde’s work we learn patience.Sometimes we justhave to wait for theright moment

Page 91: Basic Photography

You don’t take a picture…You make it

Practice! Practice! Practice!

The more you shoot the better you will get!

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You don’t take a picture…You make it

Review – 11 Tips

Know Your Camera!Watch the lightChoose a clear subjectPut the subject in context

include what is needed and remove what is not

Look for bad things in the background

Look for odd things sticking into the frame

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Review – 11 Tips

Use light to your advantageSupport the cameraUse the self-timerUse the correct modeLook for new and interesting

perspectives

Page 94: Basic Photography

You don’t take a picture…You make it

Final Class Project

Can you take an every day object and make it art?

Use perspective, lighting and location to create an interesting “artsy” image

Bring your favorite in for class

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Page 96: Basic Photography

You don’t take a picture…You make it

Next week Software How to “tweak” an image

How to fix common problemsGimp, Photoshop, Photoshop Elements

And Picasa

Page 97: Basic Photography

You don’t take a picture…You make it

{or how to take better pictures}

Page 98: Basic Photography

You don’t take a picture…You make it

Software

The combination of digital cameras and image editing software gives the photographer almost limitless control of the final image.

Page 99: Basic Photography

You don’t take a picture…You make it

Page 100: Basic Photography

You don’t take a picture…You make it

{or how to take better pictures}