BAROQUE & ROCOCOARCHITECTURE

REPORTERS:ARNAIZ, JOERIL C.

LIM, HANNAH REBEKAHNARIO, JEANETTE O.

PABICO, HANNA GABRIELLE T.

WHAT IS BAROQUE?• In Spain, “Baroque” generally

denotes an irregular, odd shaped pearl.

• In almost all European languages it was a synonym for extravagant, deformed, abnormal, unusual, absurd, and irregular.

CHARACTERISTICS OF BAROQUE ARCHITECTURE

• The fundamental characteristic of Baroque art is DYNAMISM (a sense of motion). Strong curves, rich decoration, and general complexity are all typical features of Baroque art.

Fontana di Trevi, Rome, Italy

BAROQUE ARCHITECTURE:GENERAL FEATURES

• Baroque architecture is distinguished primarily by richly sculpted surfaces.

• Whereas Renaissance architects preferred planar classicism (flat surfaces veneered in classical elements), Baroque architects freely moulded surfaces to achieve three-dimensional sculpted classicism

CHARACTERISTICS OF BAROQUE ARCHITECTURE

PLAN OF ST. PETER’S , VATICAN

CHARACTERISTICS OF BAROQUE ARCHITECTURE

INTERIOR OF ST. PETER’S

BASILICA

ALTAR OF ST. CHARLES CHURCH

ST. CHARLES’ CHURCH, VIENNA, AUSTRIA

BAROQUE ARCHITECTURE: A BRIEF HISTORY

• Began at the end of the 16th century and ended at the dawn of the 18th century.

• Appeared during the period of many religious conflicts, geographical colonization, scientific development, and explosion of the arts.

• By the middle of the 17th century, the Baroque style had expanded from churches to grand palaces.

• The restrained Baroque aesthetic culminated during the LATE BAROQUE (ca. 1675-1725). The Baroque age concluded with the French-born ROCOCO STYLE (ca. 1725-1800), in which the violence and drama of Baroque was quieted to a gentle, playful dynamism. The Late Baroque and Rococo periods were led by FRANCE.

• The full Baroque aesthetic emerged during the EARLY BAROQUE (ca. 1600-25), then culminated during the HIGH BAROQUE (ca. 1625-75); both periods were led by ITALY.

CHARACTERISTICS OF BAROQUE ARCHITECTURE

• While the full-blown Baroque aesthetic (full Baroque) was embraced in southern Western Europe, northern Western Europe struck a classical-Baroque compromise (restrained Baroque).

ST. PETER’S BASILICAPALACE OF

VERSAILLES, FRANCE

EARLY BAROQUE• The foremost

pioneer of Baroque architecture was CARLO MADERNO

CARLO MADERNO

whose masterpiece is the facade of Saint Peter's Basilica, Vatican City.

CARLO MADERNO ON ST. PETER’S BASILICA

•  Maderno converted the building into a Latin cross basilica by extending the nave, thus pushing the main entrance of the church forward. Saint Peter's can therefore be roughly divided into two parts: the core(designed largely by Michelangelo) and the front extension (designed by Maderno).

• The great dome of Saint Peter's is also chiefly Michelangelo's work, though Maderno did adjust its proportions (by stretching it vertically).

HIGH BAROQUE

• The two foremost names in Baroque architecture during the High Baroque are BERNINI and BORROMINI, both of whom worked primarily in Rome.

GIAN LORENZO BERNINIFRANCESCO

BORROMINI

HIGH BAROQUE• Two masterpieces

of Gian Lorenzo Bernini are found at St Peter's.

• One is the four-story baldachin that stands over the high altar.(A baldachin is an indoor canopy over a respected object, such as an altar or throne.)

The other is the curving colonnades that frame St Peter's Square.

HIGH BAROQUE• Francesco Borromini was the master

of curved-wall architecture.• Borromini's most famous and

influential work may be the small church of San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane ("Saint Charles at the Four Fountains")

Saint Charles at the Four Fountains

LATE BAROQUE• The Late Baroque marks the ascent

of France as the heart of Western culture. Baroque art of France (and northern Europe generally) tends to be restrained, such that it can be described as a classical-Baroque compromise.

• The most famous Baroque structures of France are magnificent chateaux (grand country residences), greatest of which is the Palace of Versailles.

• One of the largest residences on earth, Versailles was built mainly under Louis XIV, whose patronage of the arts helped propel France to the crest of Western culture.PALACE OF VERSAILLES,

FRANCE

• The walls are characterized largely by simple planar classicism, although they do contain such Baroque elements as sculpted busts, a triple stringcourse, double pilasters, and colossal pilasters. Additionally, the mansard roof features a sinuous metal railing and rich moulding around the dormer windows. Versailles became Europe's model of palace architecture, inspiring similarly grand residences throughout the continent.

ROCOCO

• Rococo artists embraced the curves and elaborate ornament of Baroque, but reigned in its weighty drama. The result was a gentle, playful style typified by pastel colours and delicate, asymmetrical decoration.

• Though most Rococo art was centred in France (the birthplace of the style), Rococo architecture culminated in Austria and southern Germany, especially in the form of churches.

BRANICKI PALACE , BIALYSTOK

CATHERINE’S PALACE,ST. PETERSBURG, RUSSIA

ST. PETER AND ST. PAUL’S CHURCH, VILNIUS, LITHUANIA

SUMMARY OF BAROQUE ARCHITECTURE

Early Baroque

ca. 1600-25

High Baroque

ca. 1625-75

Late Baroqueca. 1675-

1725

Rocococa. 1725-

1800

Maderno(facade of St Peter's)

Bernini and Borromini(sacred

architecture)

chateaux(notably

Versailles)

Austria/southern Germany(notably

churches)

• REFERENCES:• http://www.visual-arts-cork.com/history-of-art/baroque-

architecture.htm• http://www.essential-humanities.net/western-art/

architecture/baroque/• http://academics.triton.edu/faculty/fheitzman/

INT211%2007A%20Baroque.pdf• https://www.annielka.com/blog/category/lifestyle/

interior-design/• http://history1krk.blogspot.com/• http://study.com/academy/lesson/baroque-

architecture-style-characteristics-features.html