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Augmented Reality
2010/ICT/38
Learn what it isLearn what it can doLearn how it can be used in education
What Is Augmented Reality?
The overlay of computer-presented information on top of the real world
Combines real and virtual realities Interactive in real time Registered in 3D Not the same as “virtual reality”
Augmented vs. Virtual Realities Virtual reality
Immerses the viewer into computer-generated environments
Requires equipment which completely obstructs visual view of physical objects in the real world
Augmented reality
Augments or adds graphics, audio, and other sensory enhancements to the natural world as it exists
Reality Continuum
Virtual and real environments are at opposite ends of this continuum
AR is closer to the real environment
Historical Background
1957-62 – Morton Heilig, Sensorama 1966 – Ivan Sutherland, head-
mounted display 1975 – Myron Krueger, Videoplace 1989 – Jaron Lanier coined the term
Virtual Reality 1992 – Tom Caudell coined the term
Augmented Reality
Historical Timeline
1994 – Julie Martin, AR Theater 1999 – Hirokazu Kato, AR Toolkit 2000 – Bruce Thomas, ARQuake 2008-09 – Wikitude, AR Travel Guide
and Navigation System 2009 – AR Toolkit ported to Adobe
Flash
How Does AR Work?
Requires Internet connection Can be accomplished in two ways by:
1. Looking at a screen showing visible and augmented objects
2. Looking through a device using the generated screen display
Example s: Looking at a Screen Yellow “first down” line Direction of ice hockey puck Giant logos or ads on athletic fields World record lines for swimming
events
Examples: Looking Through Device Creative photography Navigation systems
Technology
Drivers: video games, cell phone apps
Display types:1. Head-mounted, or heads-up, displays2. Handheld displays3. Spatial displays
Head-Mounted / Heads-Up Displays Combines and displays physical
world images and virtual graphical objects
SVGA Head-Mounted Display
Vehicle Heads-Up Display
Handheld Displays
Small handheld computing device Uses global positioning systems
(GPS)
iPhone Applications
Spatial Displays
Nothing to wear and/or carry Uses digital projectors to display
information Marker-based and markerless
devices
AR KeyboardAR Phone Keypad
Why AR Applications?
Wireless mobile devices Anywhere, anytime access State-of-the-art cell phones Available applications
Advertising Applications
Promote products via interactive AR applications
Movie character speaks to you when you pass her outdoor movie poster
City Sites Tour
Marketing Applications
Assist consumers on location with ratings, reviews, and other information
Restaurant search
Social shopper
Industrial Applications
Compare the data of digital mock-ups with physical mock-ups
Provide instructions, specs, and training for mechanics and machine operators
Scientific Applications
Visualize 3D phenomena Display interactive analysis of terrain
characteristics
Whole body PET scan
Terrain rendering
Arts Applications
Create art over real art Simulate construction projects Create virtual objects on locations
Arts Applications
Launch interactive AR music videos Visit historical sites and step
back in time
Arts Applications
Project AR into musical stage shows Duran Duran
Animated character at concert
Educational Applications
Provide powerful contextual, explorative, and discovery learning experiences
Show network learning Facilitate collaboration among
distributed team members Create 3D graphics of curriculum
content Overlay factual onto view of real
world
Educational Applications
Teach critical thinking, science, and social studies through AR gaming
Racetrack Pit Strategy Game
Military Strategy Game
Educational Applications
Generate models in different settings Have books come alive
Other Educational Applications Astronomy
Google’s SkyMap pUniverse
Architecture ARSights
Computer Science Student Guides
AR Video Clips
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZKw_Mp5YkaE
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1El-kW1rebs&feature=watch_response
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5M-oAmBDcZk&feature=related
Pending / Future Applications Expanding a PC screen into the real
world “Holodecks” Replacement of cell phone and vehicle
navigation screens Virtual everything Virtual gadgetry Subscriptions to group-specific AR feeds Virtual retinal displays AR-enabled contact lenses
NLE Benefits of AR Exposure to learning experiences Connected to many learning opportunities Learn from anywhere and share with anyone Used to enhance collaborative tasks Support of seamless interaction between
real and virtual environments Use of a tangible interface metaphor for
object manipulation Ability to transition smoothly between reality
and virtuality
Instructional Strategies of AR Learning goes beyond space and
time to extend past the current semester Community-Community Interaction
Learners get real time, up-to-date information Aggregation
Learners combine online content with online resources to enhance learning Mash Up
Instructional Strategies of AR Learners apply visualizations (2D
and 3D) to enhance learning Info-Viz
Learners use mobile devices to gain knowledge Mobile learning
Learners use distant network servers for web applications Cloud computing
Drawbacks of AR
Accuracy Large margin of error
Standards No open standards among AR browsers
Availability of AR-capable devices SmartPhones only
Simple AR Links
ARhrrrr - An AR Shooter http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cNu4
CluFOcw&feature=player_embedded ARIS Mobile Media Learning Games
http://arisgames.org Mirror Worlds
http://www.augmentedenvironments.org/lab/2009/10
Simple AR Links
Wikitude World Browser http://www.wikitude.org/world_browser
Wimbledon Seer App http://www.fastcompany.com/blog/kit-eat
on/technomix/augmented-reality-hits-wimbledontennis-championship
Further AR Reading
Augmented Learning: An Interview with Eric Klopfer (Part One) http://henryjenkins.org/2008/07/an_inter
view_with_eric_klopfer.html(Henry Jenkins, Confessions of an Aca-Fan, 7July 2008.)
Augmented Reality in a Contact Lens http://spectrum.ieee.org/biomedical/bion
ics/augmented-reality-in-a-contact-lens/0(Babak Parviz, IEEE Spectrum Feature,September 2009.)
Further AR Reading
If You Are Not Seeing Data, You are Not Seeing http://www.wired.com/gadgetlab/2009/08
/augmented-reality/(Brian Chen, Wired Gadget Lab, 25 August
2009.) Map/Territory: Augmented Reality
Without the Phone http://radar.oreilly.com/2009/08/mapterrit
oryaugmented-reality.html(Brady Forrest, O’Reilly Radar, 17 August 2009.)
Further AR Reading
Visual Time Machine Offers Tourists a Glimpse of the Past http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/20
09/08/090812104219.htm(Science Daily, 17 August 2009.)
Delicious: Simple Augmented Reality http://delicious.com/tag/hz10+augmente
dreality
Summary What is AR?
The ability to overlay computer graphics onto the real world
What can AR do? Combines real and virtual realities to turn an
empty space into a very rich educational experience
How can AR be used in education? Offers seamless interaction between the real and
virtual worlds, a tangible interface metaphor, and a means for transitioning between real and virtual worlds to create learning opportunities and knowledge connections
References http://wp.nmc.org/horizon2010/chapters/simple-augmented-realit
y/ Retrieved September 25, 2010.
http://www.bing.com/images/search?q=Augmented+reality+pictures&FORM=IGRE&qpvt=Augmented+reality+pictures. Retrieved October 9, 2010
http://www.bing.com/images/search?q=Augmented+reality+pictures&FORM=IGRE&qpvt=Augmented+reality+pictures Retrieved October 9, 2010.
http://www.howstuffworks.com/augmented-reality.htm Retrieved October 7, 2010. http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/1196641/augmented
-realityRetrieved October 7, 2010.
http://www.bing.com/images/search?q=Augmented+reality+pictures&FORM=IGRE&qpvt=Augmented+reality+pictures.# Retrieved October 13, 2010.
http://www.newhorizons.org/strategies/technology/billinghurst.htmRetrieved October 7, 2010.
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