Arithmetic sequence

Arithmetic SequenceArithmetic SumArithmetic Mean

Prepared by:Maricel T. Mas

T-I/ Lipay high School

Formula:an = a1 + (n-1)d

Where:

Sample Problem

1. Find the 5th term and 11th terms of the arithmetic sequence with the first term 3 and the common difference 4.

Answer:

Therefore, 19 and 43 are the 5th and the 11th terms of the sequence, respectively.

Give the common difference and find the indicated term in each arithmetic sequence.

1. 1,5,9,13,.. ( a10 )2. 13, 9, 5, 1,… (a10 )3. -8, -5, -2, 1,4,.. (a12 )4. 5, 9, 13, 17,… (a15 )5. 2, 6, 10,…(a6 )6. 2,11, 20, … (a7 )7. 9,6,3,… (a8 )

Answer the following:1. Find the 11th term of the arithmetic

sequence 3,4,5,…2. Find the 20th term of the arithmetic

sequence 17, 13, 9,…3. Find the 42nd term of the sequence

5,10,15,..4. If a1 =5, an =395, and d=5, find the

value of n.5. If a1 = 5 and a7 = 17, find the common

difference.

6.The 4th term of an arithmetic sequence is 18 and the sixth term is 28. Give the first 3 terms.7. Write the third and fifth terms of an arithmetic sequence whose fourth term is 9 and the common difference is 2.8. Write the first three terms of an arithmetic sequence if the fourth term is 10 and d = -3

Solve the ff.1. 2, 6, 10,…(a6 )2. 2,11, 20, … (a7 )3. 9,6,3,… (a8 )4. Find the 42nd term of the sequence

5,10,15,..5. If a1 =5, an =395, and d=5, find the

value of n.

ARITHMETIC SEQUENCE

A sequence is arithmetic if the differences between consecutive terms are the same.

4, 9, 14, 19, 24, . . .

9 – 4 = 5

14 – 9 = 5

19 – 14 = 5

24 – 19 = 5

arithmetic sequence

The common difference, d, is 5.

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A sequence is arithmetic if the differences between consecutive terms are the same.

4, 9, 14, 19, 24, . . .

9 – 4 = 5

14 – 9 = 5

19 – 14 = 5

24 – 19 = 5

arithmetic sequence

The common difference, d, is 5.


Example: Find the first five terms of the sequence and determine if it is arithmetic.

an = 1 + (n – 1)4

This is an arithmetic sequence.

d = 4

a1 = 1 + (1 – 1)4 = 1 + 0 = 1

a2 = 1 + (2 – 1)4 = 1 + 4 = 5

a3 = 1 + (3 – 1)4 = 1 + 8 = 9

a4 = 1 + (4 – 1)4 = 1 + 12 = 13

a5 = 1 + (5 – 1)4 = 1 + 16 = 17

What is the nth term for each sequence below.1. 1,5,9,13,…2. 13, 9,5,1…3. -7, -4, -1,2,..4. 5,3,1,-1,-35. 2,6,10,..

The nth term of an arithmetic sequence has the form

an = dn + cwhere d is the common difference and c = a1 – d.

2, 8, 14, 20, 26, . . . . d = 8 – 2 = 6

a1 = 2 c = 2 – 6 = – 4

The nth term is 6n – 4.


a1 – d =

Example: 1. Find the formula for the nth term of an arithmetic sequence whose common difference is 4 and whose first term is 15. Find the first five terms of the sequence.

an = dn + c

= 4n+ 11

15,d = 4

a1 = 15

19, 23, 27, 31.

The first five terms are

15 – 4 = 11


2. Find the formula for the nth term of an arithmetic sequence whose common difference is 3 and whose first term is 5. Find the first five terms of the sequence.3. The first term of an arithmetic sequence is equal to 6 and the common difference is equal to 3. Find a formula for the nth term of an arithmetic sequence.4. Find the formula for the nth term of an arithmetic sequence whose common difference is -18 and whose first term is 7. Find the first five terms of the sequence.

Test Yourself:1. Find the formula for the nth term of an

arithmetic sequence whose common difference is 15 and whose first term is 3. Find the first five terms of the sequence.

2. The first term of an arithmetic sequence is 5 and the common difference is 5, find the nth term of the sequence and its first 6th terms.

Try this:Find the nth term of the ff. sequence.1. 17,13,9,… d= -42. 5,10,15,… d= 53. 2,11,20,.. d= 94. 9,6,3,… d= -35. 5,9,13,17,.. d= 4

Assignment:

1. What is arithmetic mean?

ARITHMETIC MEAN

1. Find three terms between 2 and 34 of an arithmetic sequence.

Guide Question:1. Were you able to get the 3 terms in each sequence?

Arithmetic Mean The terms between and of an arithmetic

sequence are called arithmetic means of and . Thus, the arithmetic means between and are and

The arithmetic mean or the “mean” between two numbers is sometimes called the average of two numbers.

Sample Problem1. Find four arithmetic means between 8 and -7. Answer: Since we must insert four numbers between 8 and -7, there are six numbers in the arithmetic sequence. Thus, and , we can solve for using the formula .

Hence,

Therefore, the four arithmetic means between 8 and -7 are 5, 2, -1, and -4.

TEST YOURSELF1. Insert seven arithmetic means between 3

and 23.2. Insert four arithmetic means between 8

and 18.3. Insert six arithmetic means between 16

and 2.4. Insert five arithmetic means between 0

and -12.5. Insert 5 arithmetic means between 7 and

70.

EXAMPLES1. Insert 4 arithmetic means between 5 and

25.2. What is the arithmetic mean between 27

and -3?3. Insert three arithmetic means between 2

and 14.4. Insert eight arithmetic means between 47

and 2.

Summing Up

What is the sum of the terms of each finite sequence below?1. 1,4,7,102. 3,5,7,9,113. 10,5,0,-5,-10,-154. 81,64,47,30,13,-45. -2,-5,-8,-11-14,-17

22

35

-15

231

-57

The Secret of Karl

What is 1+2+3+…+50+51+…+ 98 + 99+100?

A famous story tells that this was the problem given by an elementary school teacher to a famous mathematician to keep him busy. Do you know that he was able to get the sum within seconds only? Can you know how he did it? Let us find out by doing the activity below.

Determine the answer to the above problem. Discuss your technique (if any) in getting the answer quickly. Then answer the question below.1. What is the sum of each of the pairs 1 and

100, 2 and 99, 3 and 98,…,50 and 51?2. How many pairs are there in #1?3. From your answer in #1 and #2, how do

you get the sum of the integers from 1 to 100?

4. What is the sum of the integers from 1 to 100?

Arithmetic Sum

Formula; = n 2Or=

Examples:

1. Find the sum of the first 10 terms of the arithmetic sequence 5, 9, 13, 17,…

2. Find the sum of the first 20 terms 20 terms of the arithmetic sequence -2, -5, -8, -11,…

3. Find the sum of the first ten terms of the arithmetic sequence 4, 10, 16,…

4.How many terms of the arithmetic sequence 20, 18, 16,… must be added so that the sum will be -100? Therefore, the first 25 terms of the

sequence 20,18,16,… must be added to get sum of -100.

5. Find the sum of integers from 1 to 50.6. Find the sum of odd integers from 1 to 1007. Find the sum of even integers from 1 to 101.

Test YourselfFind the sum of the arithmetic sequence wherein:1. = 2; d=4, n=102. =10; d= -4; n=83. = -7; n=18; d= 84. Find the sum of multiples of 3 between 15 and 45.5. Find the sum of the first eight terms of the arithmetic sequence 5, 7, 9,…

Education

Arithmetic sequence