Measures of Central Tendency

Presented to,Dr. Muhammad Sarwar

Presented by,Syeda Mehvish Dildar

Measure Comment

ModeMedian

Arithmetic MeanGeometric MeanHarmonic Mean

Nominal and HigherOrdinal and HigherInterval and HigherRatio and HigherRatio and Higher

Central Tendency

The phrase measures of central tendency, refers to the set of measures that reflect where on the scale the distribution is centered.

The Arithmetic Mean

The arithmetic mean, is defined as the sum over all of the values of a variable, divided by the sample size.

The Geometric Mean

The geometric mean, is defined as the n-th root of the product of a set of n values.

The harmonic mean Defined

The harmonic mean, H, is equal to the sample size divided by the sum of the reciprocal of a set of values:

Median

The median is the middle value when the observations on a variable are ranked from smallest to largest.

The position of the median value can then be calculated using the following formula:Median Location=

• If the values are an even number of data points:

(1,2,2,3,3,4,4,5,6,)•The formula would tell us to look in the 5.5th place, which we can’t really do.•However we take the average of 5th and 6th values to give us the median.

Median= 3.5

The statistical Mode method

The mode is the value of a variable that occurs most frequently in the sample.