1. ANGULIMALABY MICHAEL ONDAATJEMICHAEL ONDAATJI

2. ANGULIMALAPHILIP MICHAEL ONDAATJE (OC) ---A BRIEF NOTE :-HE WAS BORN IN COLOMBO, SRI LANKA ON SEPTEMBER 12, 1943.THE 68 YEARS OLD SRI-LANKAN CANADIAN AUTHOR LEFT SRILANKA AND SETTLEDIN ENGLAND WITH HIS BROTHER ,SISTER AND MOTHER IN 1952 .HE WAS JUST 11 ATTHAT TIME. HE OBTAINED HIS B.A DEGREE FROM DULWICH COLLEGE UNDER THEUNIVERSITY OF TORONTO ,CANADA,IN 1965 AND THEN DID HIS M.A FROM QUEENSUNIVERSITY IN 1967.PRESENTLY HE IS A CANADIAN CITIZEN.HE BEGAN HIS LITERARY CAREER AS A POET AND HIS FIRST PUBLISHED POETRYBOOK WAS ENTITLED DAISY MONSTERS. IT WAS PUBLISHED IN 1967. PRESENTLY HE ISA CANADIAN CITIZEN.HIS FIRST NOVEL WAS COMING THROUGH SLAUGHTER . IT WAS PUBLISHED IN 1970. 3. ANGULIMALA HE TAUGHT AT THE UNIVERSITY OF WESTERN ONTARIO IN LONDON. HE ALSO TAUGHT ENGLISH LITERATURE AT YOURK UNIVERSITY AND GLENDON COLLEGE. 4. ANGULIMALA ONDAATJES WORK INCLUDESPOETRY,FICTION,AUTOBIOGRAPHY AND FILM-SCRIPTS. HE HAS 13 PUBLISHED COLLECTION OF POETRYBOOKS TO HIS CREDIT SO FAR. HE HAS WRITTEN MORE THAN A DOZEN NOVELS OFEXQUISITE LITERARY MERITS. THE ENGLISH PATIENT,THE SKIN OF LION,COMINGTHROUGH SLAUGHTER,ANILS GHOST, DIVISADEROARE HIS NOTABLE FICTIONS. 5. ANGULIMALAONDAATJES THREE FILMS INCLUDE: A DOCUMENTARY ON FELLOW POET B.P.NICHOL SONS OF CAPTAIN POETRY THE CLINTON SPECIALA FILM ABOUT THE FARMSHOW IN 2002,ONDAATJI PUBLISHED A NON-FICTION BOOK,THE CONVERSATIONS : WALTER MURCH AND THEART OF EDITING FILMS 6. ANGULIMALAHONOURS AND ACHIEVEMENTS:- ANILS GHOST WAS THE WINNER OF THE 2000 GILLERPRIZE,THE KIRIYAMA PACIFIC RIM BOOK PRIZE; THE 2001IRISH TIMES INTERNATIONAL FICTION PRIZE;AND CANADASGOVERNOR GENERALS AWARD. THE ENGLISH PATIENT GAVE HIM THE BOOKER PRIZE & THECANADA AUSTRALIAN PRIZE. THE MOTION PICTURE OF THIS BOOK WON THE ACADEMYAWARD FOR BEST PICTURE. HE ALSO BAGGED RITZ PARIS HEMINGWAY AWARD,CANADAREADS COMPETITION IN 2002. HE WAS AWARDED THE ORDER OF CANADA (OC) IN 1988 IN 2000,HE BECAME A FOREIGN HONORARY MEMBER OF THEAMERICAN ACADEMY OF ARTS AND LETTERS. 7. ANGULIMALA ONDAATJE SPEAKING AT TULANE THE YOUNG ONDAATJE UNIVERSITY IN 2010 8. ANGULIMALAThe Monkey King and OtherStories authored byOndaatje, Michael .Theanthology containsstories like "The Vulture," and"Anguli mala." It is edited byGriffin Ondaatje. The book ispublished byToronto:HarperCollins, in 1995. 9. ANGULIMALAContext & theme of the Story of Angulimala:-The story is an adaptation from an ancient epic namedAngulimala. Angulimala means a garland of fingers.Angulimala was a notorious robber in Savatthi. He killedpeople for pleasure and used to wear a garland of theangulies of his victims as a sign of his power and cruelty.His very name became synonymous to death anddestruction. Lord Buddha transformed that notoriouscriminal into a virtuous human-being. The story highlightsthe Buddhist concept of Dharma and brings into focus thesignificance of Kamrupaa. 10. ANGULIMALAThe Story in brief:-Once upon a time there lived in the forest of Savatthi ,a notorious robber namedAngulimala. He was an incarnation of crime and inhumanity. His name was synonymousto death, torture and destruction. Each and every man living there was afraid of his veryname. Even the monks were not spared. He used to wear a garland of the fingers of hisvictims. He made families into non-families; villages into non-villages, turned tows intonon-towns. He regularly killed innocent people just for pleasure. The king and hisadministration had nothing but to pay a deaf ear to the ravages committed by the brute.He became the sign of a living terror.Lord Buddha ,the preacher of Buddhism happened to be present there in one of hisreligious mission. He heard about the atrocities caused by the Robber and decided toconvert him a real human-being. So,Oneday he sat out to face the robber in his foresthide-out. Everyone requested him not to do that because of his life and safety. But theholy-man proceeded fearlessly to encounter Angulimala.Cont.---- 11. ANGULIMALAThe robber saw him from a distance and felt surprised in seeing the fearless approach ofthe Saint. He could not understand why the holy man was dauntless and least botheredabout Angulimala. He felt confounded because nobody was spared so far .People werekilled irrespective of their numbers or arms and ammunitions. He remembered how hekilled a teacher and four of his disciples shortly. So, he started following Buddha from adistance. He decided to kill him too. But to his utter surprise he found that he could notreach the Holy man despite advancing long steps. The saint always remained ahead ofhim.This made the robber to realize the superhuman power of Lord Buddha .He realized thatthe holy man had strong and spiritual religious attainment which was far morepowerful than his strength and cruelty.He surrendered to Buddha and asked him to show him the way to salvation.Lord Buddha told him to shun crime, remain non-violent and undertake religiousprayers.Angulimala followed the instructions of Lord Buddha and ultimately became a virtuousman.It is the story of the transformation of soul, a predicament on the part of Angulimala,the notorious robber. 12. ANGULIMALAQ.Who was Angulimala? Why was he called so?Ans. Angulimala was a notorious robber mentioned in anIndian legend. He used to live in the forest at the outskirt ofthe ancient city of Savatthi. He was a terror in the locality.His name terrified each and every one living in and aroundthat region. He was in the habit of killing all sorts of peopleand snatch away whatever they had. Killing man was as if asport to him. He cut the fingers of the people after killingthem and wore a garland of those fingers. And for thisreason his name was Angulimala. Anguli means finger andmala means garland in Indian Context. 13. ANGULIMALAQ.Who is the Buddha mentioned in the story Angulimala? What isthe meaning of the term Buddha? Why did he come to Sivatthi?Ans. The Buddha mentioned in the story is Lord Buddha, the founderof Buddhism. His actual name was Gautam Buddha and his father wasking Suddhodan. He was the prince of Kapilabastu. After attainingenlightenment, he started preaching of a religion whose inherentmessage was to practice non-violence and love among all the creaturesof the world.The very term Buddha means an enlightened soul.He went to Sivvathi for preaching and practicing the religiousdoctrines of Buddhism among the people of Savatthi. 14. ANGULIMALAQ. Stand still. Will you?Who is the speaker and to whom did he utter the words? And inwhat context ?Ans. The notorious robber Angulimala is the speaker. He askedthe Buddha to stand still.Angulimala chased the Buddha with bow and arrows and sword.Unlike his earlier victims the holy man remained always ahead ofhim. He could neither catch nor kill him.He uttered the quoted words in this context. 15. ANGULIMALAQ. How did the Buddha transformed the Robber Angulimala to a virtuous man?Ans.Angulimala chased the holy man with bow and arrows and a sword. He chasedand chased but the holy man remained always ahead of him. Furiously he asked theholy man to stop and face death. The holy man smiled and said , I am standing stillbut you are not. Angulimala felt surprised and asked him arrogantly to clarify themeaning of his statement. The holy man ,then, ,told him that he had given up allsorts of evil feelings against all living things. He had forsaken using force againstany living creature and that was what he meant by the words I am standing still. Hethen told Angulimala that he was in the habit of acting against the living beingswithout any restrain. He was always racing after this and that .He was always in thepursuit of making living things ghosts. He killed people even in his dreams. Hemoved in a four times speed than that of the Earth and as such would die muchearlier than the world around him. The words of Buddha pierced the heart of thevicious robber and he asked him to show him the true path of life .Thus, Lord Buddha transformed the soul of the notorious robber Angulimala andmade him a virtuous man. 16. ANGULIMALAQ. He dug a pit and covered his sword and all other weapons.--Who is he referred to here? Why did he did so? What did hedo afterword?Ans. The notorious legendary robber and murderer Angulimalais referred to here by the term he.The lessons of Buddha transformed the soul of Angulimala. Herealized the evils of his misdeeds. He also realized theconsequences of such brutal and heinous crimes. He feltrepentant and as such dug a pit and covered his sword and allother weapons.He then approached the holy man. He expressed his utmostregret for his evil deeds and bowed low to him. He expressed hisearnest desire to be one of his disciples. 17. ANGULIMALAQ. Angulimala came in this way to understand the joy of freedom.---How did Angulimala come to understand the joy of freedom? Whatdid come to him?Ans. Angulimala was very badly treated by the city men. Somehow, hemanaged to return to his forest dwelling bleeding and injured. Whenhe saw the Buddha, he approached half crept towards him in pain andhumiliation. He sat some yards away from him facing his master. TheBuddha glanced at him and then smilingly chuckled with him. Then headvised him to bear with his pains .This suffering would surely purgehim from his past evils. Angulimala and the holy man, then beganwalking and reached the bank of a river. Buddha bathed Angulimalaand then gave him his own robe, his own begging bowl and told him tolive thus. The Buddha then departed leaving him there.Cont.--- 18. ANGULIMALA Angulimala realized the joy of freedom. Then some versescame to him spontaneously. These verses meant---The fletcher trims arrows shaft.Water carrier guide a river.The Wiseman tames the self.------I was violent one,----- I was notorious as Angulimala.I was tamed by Buddha.Now I move in the freedom of spiritual carefulness. 19. ANGULIMALAAcknowledgement ,Credits and References:-1.A Companion to B.A.English (Prose) 1st Semester[GU]2.Biographical article on Michael Ondaatje fromwww.wikipedea.org [The free encyclopedia]3.Photographs are taken from wikipedea .These are legally permitted to be used by anybody for academicpurposes.******** 20. ANGULIMALA A presentation from:-INDRANIL SARKAR ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR DEPT. OF ENGLISH SAPATGRAM COLLEGE,SAPATGRAM,ASSAMINDIANB.THE PRESENTATION IS INTENDED FOR THE T.D.C.1ST YR,[1ST SEMESTER ] STUDENTS OF GAUHATI UNIVERSITY,ASSAM *******