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Agile 101: Scrum ValuesDaniel Wilson
Email: [email protected]: https://www.linkedin.com/in/daniel-wilson-87244aa3
About me
Systems Analyst at Gentrack - Career in software began in 1998 - Agile advocate - Student of agile: ICP, ICP-ATF, ICP-ACC, PSM I, PSPO I, PSD I, SPS, PSP
PhD in Philosophy - Value theory - Lectured in ancient Greek philosophy
Aim: To bring philosophical tools and models to bear on the humanistic elements of agile practices.
“Scrum Values” section from “The Scrum Guide” (2016)
“When the values of commitment, courage, focus, openness and respect are embodied and lived by the Scrum Team, the Scrum pillars of transparency, inspection, and adaptation come to life and build trust for everyone. The Scrum Team members learn and explore those values as they work with the Scrum events, roles and artifacts.“Successful use of Scrum depends on people becoming more proficient in living these five values. People personally commit to achieving the goals of the Scrum Team. The Scrum Team members have courage to do the right thing and work on tough problems. Everyone focuses on the work of the Sprint and the goals of the Scrum Team. The Scrum Team and its stakeholders agree to be open about all the work and the challenges with performing the work. Scrum Team members respect each other to be capable, independent people.” (p. 4)
“Commitment”
https://www.scrum.org/About/All-Articles/articleType/ArticleView/articleId/95/Commitment-vs-Forecast-A-subtle-but-important-change-to-Scrum
“a dead scrum master is a useless scrum master”
Some questions
• How should we best make sense of the Scrum values?• How do we know when we’re correctly exhibiting the Scrum values and not missing the mark? For example, courage is a Scrum value but “a dead scrum master is a useless scrum master”.
• Why do some who profess to live by agile values and principles—and show a good understanding of them—sometimes fail to exhibit those values?
• What are the contributing factors for the frequently reported situation in which newly-established agile teams sometimes revert to their old, pre-agile habits after initial coaching?
Aristotle and the Nicomachean Ethics
Aristotle’s Moral Psychology
- hierarchy of ends- highest end is Eudaimonia (happiness, flourishing)- Eudaimonia involves contemplation and is self-sufficient- The science that studies the highest good is political science
Virtues of Character and the Structure of the Soul (Psuche)
http://www.slideshare.net/johanautio/aristotelian-virtue-ethics
Focus vs. akrasia
(Some of) Aristotle’s Virtues
Sphere Deficiency Virtue Excess
Fear and confidence
Rashness Courage (andreia)
Cowardice
Honour on a small scale
Unambitiousness [Nameless] Over-ambitiousness
Anger ‘Inirascibility’ Even Temper (praotēs)
Irascibility
Social relations Quarrelsome Friendliness (philia)
Obsequious
Honesty about oneself
Mock modesty Truthfulness (alētheia)
Boastfulness
Aristotle characterises virtue (#1)
..with regard to actions also there is excess, defect, and the intermediate. Now virtue is concerned with passions and actions, in
which excess is a form of failure, and so is defect, while the intermediate is praised and is a form of success; and being praised and being successful are both characteristics of virtue. Therefore virtue is a kind of mean, since, as we have seen, it aims at what is
intermediate.
Aristotle characterises virtue (#2)
Virtue, then, is a state of character concerned with choice, lying in a
mean, i.e. the mean relative to us, this being determined by a rational
principle, and by that principle by which the man [or woman] of practical
wisdom would determine it.
Courage (andreia) and even temper(praotēs)
Characteristics of Right Anger
1) at the right things2) with the right people
3) in the right way 4) at the right time
5) for the right length of time
Respect (philia)
Aristotle on friendliness
…he will associate with people in the right way, but it is by reference to what is noble and what is useful that he will aim at not
causing pain to others or at pleasing them. For he seems to be concerned with
pleasures and pains that arise in private relations with others; and whenever it is not
noble for him to add to the enjoyment of others, or is harmful to do so, he will object to doing it and rationally choose to cause
them pain.
Aristotle on friendliness
…Again, if the other’s doing something would bring great disgrace
on him, or cause some harm, while opposition would cause only slight pain, the person with virtue will not accept the action, but object to it.
Commitment
Aristotle on proper ambition…as in the giving and taking of money
there is a mean, an excess, and a deficiency, so also we can desire honour more or less than is right, and from the
right source, and in the right way. For we blame both the honour-lover, for seeking honour more than is right and from the
wrong sources, and the person uninterested in it, for not rationally
choosing to be honoured for even noble things.
Openness (alētheia)
Aristotle on truthfulness
…someone who, when nothing is at stake, is truthful in what he says and the way he
lives because that is what his state of character is like. A person such as this
would seem to be good. For someone who loves truth, and is truthful when nothing is at stake, will be all the more truthful when something is at stake, since he will avoid
falsehood as something disgraceful, having already avoided it in himself.
Comparison
Aristotle’s Moral Psychology Agile
Right habits -> student of virtue -> phronimos Shu-Ha-Ri (Cockburn)
Virtuous acts as ends in themselves Intrinsic Motivation (Pink)
A flourishing individual is good; a flourishing community (polis) is better
Facilitating high-performing teams
Aristotelian Virtues and excellent character traits (aretē)
Scrum Values
Self-control vs. Incontinence (akrasia) Focus
Courage (andreia) and even temper (praotēs) Courage
Friendliness (philia) Respect
Proper ambition Commitment
Truthfulness (alētheia) and Friendship Openness
Conscious Cultivation of Virtue Development of Emotional Intelligence
Some questions (revisited)
• How should we best make sense of the Scrum values?• How do we know when we’re correctly exhibiting the Scrum values and not missing the mark? For example, courage is a Scrum value but “a dead scrum master is a useless scrum master”.
• Why do some who profess to live by agile values and principles—and show a good understanding of them—sometimes fail to exhibit those values?
• What are the contributing factors for the frequently reported situation in which newly-established agile teams sometimes revert to their old, pre-agile habits after initial coaching?
Additional links
Scrum Values:• Jeff Sutherland and Ken Schwaber, “The Scrum Guide” (July 2016), http://www.scrumguides.org/download.html
• Jeff Sutherland and Ken Schwaber, “Scrum Guide Refresh” (July 2016), https://www.scruminc.com/scrum-guide-refresh/
• Ken Schwaber and Mike Beedle, Agile Software Development with Scrum (Pearson, 2001)
• Gunther Verheyen, Scrum – A Pocket Guide (Van Haren Publishing, 2013)• Jacek Durlik, “5 Scrum values”, https://www.kainos.pl/blog/5-scrum-values/
Aristotle’s Nicomachean Ethics:• Roger Crisp (Ed.), Aristotle – Nicomachean Ethics (Cambridge University Press, 2000)
• Rosalind Hursthouse, On Virtue Ethics (Oxford University Press, 2002)
Group Activity1-2-4 & Beyond
15-20 minutes
Coming eventsNext Event : Speaker: Vincent DirksDate: August 10, 2016Time: 5:45 pmVenue: WG126
Thanks
• Event organised by volunteers• Special Thanks to Jim(SERL) for venue and catering• Thank you to our sponsors ASB, Assurity and SERL
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