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ADVERBAn adverb is a part of speech that modifies a verb, an adjective and another adverb.

An adverb indicates manner, time, place, or degree and answers questions such as how, when, where, in what manner or to what extent an action is performed.

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Adverb as Modifiers

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An adverb that modifies a verbExamples:John speaks loudly. Mike snored melodically.Mary lives locally. The seamstress quickly made the mourning

clothes.The midwives waited patiently through a long

labour.

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An adverb that modifies an adjectiveHe is really handsome. That was extremely kind of you.

They were really unhappy.My brother is completely fearless.

I know she is very careful.

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An adverb that modifies another adverbHe drives extremely fast.We urged him to dial the number more expeditiously.

He is almost always hungry.John plays tennis very well.You never can work too carefully.

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Note that the form of adverb can also change to make it comparative or superlative.

But not all words that end in -ly are adverbs.

Some adverbs have no particular form.

FriendlyLovelyLonelyNeighbourly These words are

adjectives

WellFast VeryNeverAlwaysOftenStill

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COMPARISON OF ADVERBS

POSITIVE• Degree

expresses the quality without the comparison

• Example: Lilibeth walks fast.

COMPARATIVE• Degree

compares two verbs, adjectives, or adverbs.

• Ex. Jenny walks faster than Mylene.

SUPERLATIVE• Degree

compares three or more verbs, adjectives or adverbs.

• Ex. Cristina walks fastest among the three.

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IRREGULAR COMPARISON

POSITIVE• Bad/badly• Far• Late/lately• Little• Much• well

COMPARATIVE• Worse• Farther/further• Later• Less• More• better

SUPERLATIVE• Worst• Farthest/

furthest• Latest• Least• Most• Best

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ADVERB FORMATIONAdverbs that end in –ly are formed by adding –ly to an adjective, a present participle, or a past participle.

- From an adjective•Careful - carefully•Beautiful - beautifully•Quick - quickly

- From a present participle•Willing - willingly•Glowing - glowingly•Surprising - surprisingly

- From a past participle•Assured - assuredly•Affected - affectedly•Hurried - hurriedly

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Basic rules about spelling for –ly adverbsAdjective Ending

Do this adjectives adverb

Most adjectives Add -ly QuickNiceSoleCareful

QuicklyNicelySolelyCarefully

-able or –ible Change –e to –y RegrettableHorrible

RegrettablyHorribly

-y Change –y to –ily

Happy Happily

-ic Change –ic to –ically

Economic Economically

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Most adverbs are compared by using another adverb.

Positive degree

Ex. Clarissa dance

gracefully.

More or Less are used to express the comparative

degree.

Ex. Marlyn dance more gracefully.

Most or Least are used to express the superlative

degree.

Ex. Gina dance most gracefully.

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KINDS OF ADVERBADVERBS OF MANNERAdverbs of Manner tell us the manner or way

in which something happens. They answer the question “how?” Adverbs of Manner mainly modify verbs.

Example He speaks slowly. They helped us cheerfully. James bond drives his cars fast.

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List of common single-word adverbs of manner

Accidentally angrilyAnxiously awkwardlyBadly beautifullyBlindly courageouslyEnthusiastically gracefullyAdverbs of manner that do not end

in –lyFast hardSo well

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ADVERBS OF PLACEAdverbs of place tell us the place where

something happens. They answer the question “where?”. Adverbs of place mainly modify verbs.

Example Please sit here. They looked everywhere. Two cars were parked outside.

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List of common single-word adverbs of placeAbout aboveAnywhere behindBelow downstairsIndoors underNearby hereOutside there

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ADVERBS OF TIMEAdverbs of Time tell us something about the

time that something happens. Adverbs of Time mainly modify verbs. They can answer the questions “when?”

Example He came yesterday. I want it now. He has not played chess recently.

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List of common single-word adverbs of time

NowThen TodayTomorrowTonightYesterday

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ADVERBS OF DEGREEAdverbs of Degree tell us the degree or extent

to which something happens. They answer the question “how much?” or “to what degree?”. Adverbs of Degree can modify verbs, adjectives, and other adverbs.

Example Alene entirely agrees with Clarissa. Gina is very beautiful. Jun drove quite dangerously.

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List of common single-word Adverb of Degrees

Almost completelyAbsolutely deeplyExtremely entirelyIndeed highlyIncredibly fullyPerfectly enormouslyPositively greatly